A5027834925- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Sports injuries and prevention
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Universität Innsbruck
2013-2024
Helmholtz Zentrum München
2017-2021
Shandong University
2015
Ionicon Analytik (Austria)
2011
Abstract. Substantial amounts of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can be formed from isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX), which are oxidation products mainly under low-NO conditions. Total IEPOX-SOA, may include SOA other parallel pathways, was quantified by applying positive matrix factorization (PMF) to mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements. The IEPOX-SOA fractions (OA) in multiple field studies across several continents summarized here and show consistent patterns with the concentration gas-phase...
Abstract. An oxidation flow reactor (OFR) is a vessel inside which the concentration of chosen oxidant can be increased for purpose studying SOA formation and aging by that oxidant. During BEACHON-RoMBAS (Bio-hydro-atmosphere interactions Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H2O, Organics & Nitrogen–Rocky Mountain Biogenic Aerosol Study) field campaign, ambient pine forest air was oxidized OH radicals in an OFR to measure amount could formed from real mix precursor gases, how changed with time...
Abstract The growth of freshly formed aerosol particles can be the bottleneck in their survival to cloud condensation nuclei. It is therefore crucial understand how grow atmosphere. Insufficient experimental data has impeded a profound understanding nano-particle under atmospheric conditions. Here we study CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoors Droplets) chamber, starting from formation molecular clusters. We present measured rates at sub-3 nm sizes with different atmospherically relevant...
2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MBO) is an important biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emitted by pine trees and a potential precursor of atmospheric secondary aerosol (SOA) in forested regions. In the present study, hydroxyl radical (OH)-initiated oxidation MBO was examined smog chambers under varied initial nitric oxide (NO) acidity levels. Results indicate measurable SOA from low-NO conditions. Moreover, increasing found to enhance SOA. Chemical characterization laboratory-generated...
Abstract Atmospheric volatile organic compound (VOC) oxidation mechanisms under pristine (rural/remote) and urban (anthropogenically‐influenced) conditions follow distinct pathways due to large differences in nitrogen oxide (NO x ) concentrations. These two lead products that have different chemical physical properties reactivity. Under conditions, isoprene hydroxy hydroperoxides (ISOPOOHs) are the dominant first‐generation products. Utilizing authentic ISOPOOH standards, we demonstrate of...
Abstract. Sea salt aerosols (SSA) are dominant particles in the Arctic atmosphere and determine polar radiative balance. SSA react with acidic pollutants that lead to changes physical chemical properties of their surface, which turn alter hygroscopic optical properties. Transmission electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry was used analyze morphology, composition, size, mixing state individual at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, summertime. Individual fresh contained cubic NaCl coated...
Fungi produce a wide variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which play central roles in the initiation and regulation fungal interactions. Here we introduce global overview VOC patterns chemical diversity across phylogenetic clades trophic modes. The analysis is based on measurements comprehensive profiles forty-three species. Our data show that can describe phyla mode fungi. We different levels phenotypic integration (PI) for classes VOCs within distinct functional guilds. Further...
Abstract. Biogenic VOC emissions are often dominated by 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (isoprene) and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (232 MBO). Here we explore the possibility to selectively distinguish these species using NO+ as a primary ion in conventional PTR-MS equipped with an SRI unit. High purity of (>90%) was utilized laboratory field experiments PTR-TOF-MS. Isoprene is ionized via charge transfer leading major product C5H8+ (>99%) (e.g. Spanel Smith, 1998). 232 MBO undergoes hydroxide...
Abstract. Ambient pine forest air was oxidized by OH, O3, or NO3 radicals using an oxidation flow reactor (OFR) during the BEACHON-RoMBAS (Bio–hydro–atmosphere interactions of Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H2O, Organics and Nitrogen – Rocky Mountain Biogenic Aerosol Study) campaign to study biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation (OA) aging. A wide range equivalent atmospheric photochemical ages sampled, from hours up days (for O3 NO3) weeks OH). processed OFR typically sampled every...
Abstract. Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations are considered a toxic threat to plants, responsible for global crop losses with associated economic costs of several billion dollars per year. Plant injuries have been linked the uptake through stomatal pores and oxidative damage internal leaf tissue. But striking question remains: can surface reactions limit therefore reduce its detrimental effects plants?In this laboratory study we could show that semi-volatile organic compounds exuded...
Summary Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play vital roles in the interaction of fungi with plants and other organisms. A systematic study global fungal VOC profiles is still lacking, though it a prerequisite for elucidating mechanisms VOC‐mediated interactions. Here we present versatile system enabling high‐throughput screening VOCs under controlled temperature. In proof‐of‐principle experiment, characterized volatile metabolic fingerprints four Trichoderma spp. over 48 h growth period. The...
Abstract. The CLOUD experiment (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) investigates the nucleation of new particles and how this process is influenced by galactic cosmic rays in an electropolished, stainless-steel environmental chamber at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research). Since volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can act as precursor gases growth particles, great efforts have been made to keep their unwanted background levels low possible quantify them. In order be able measure a...
Climate change represents a grand challenge for agricultural productivity. Understanding complex plant traits such as stress tolerance, disease resistance or crop yield is thus essential breeding and the development of sustainable agriculture strategies. When screening most robust phenotypes, fast, high-throughput phenotyping means choice.We have developed platform to measure emission volatile organic compounds (VOCs), photosynthetic gas exchange transpiration under ambient, abiotic biotic...
Over the last decades, post-illumination bursts (PIBs) of isoprene, acetaldehyde and green leaf volatiles (GLVs) following rapid light-to-dark transitions have been reported for a variety different plant species. However, mechanisms triggering their release still remain unclear. Here we measured PIBs isoprene-emitting (IE) isoprene non-emitting (NE) grey poplar plants grown under climate scenarios (ambient control three with elevated CO2 concentrations: control, periodic heat temperature...
Eddy covariance observations are particularly well suited to study emission processes at the ecosystem scale. Here we combine longterm of methane, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides, with campaign-based NMVOC fluxes in an urban area. The complex dataset allows unravelling fate methane emissions for city Innsbruck. Our analysis shows that most area is emitted via pre-flush operation partially burned from poorly maintained gas furnaces. Methane show a negative temperature dependence highly...
Isoprene emissions from poplar (Populus spp.) plantations can influence atmospheric chemistry and regional climate. These respond strongly to temperature, [CO2], drought, but the superimposed effect of these three climate change factors are, for most part, unknown. Performing predicted scenario simulations (periodic chronic heat drought spells [HDSs] applied under elevated [CO2]), we analyzed volatile organic compound emissions, photosynthetic performance, leaf growth, overall carbon (C)...
The emissions of BVOCs from oilseed rape (Brassica napus), both when the plant is exposed to clean air and it fumigated with ozone at environmentally-relevant mixing ratios (ca. 135 ppbv), were measured under controlled laboratory conditions. Emissions recorded combined leaf root chambers using a recently developed Selective Reagent Ionisation-Time Flight-Mass Spectrometer (SRI-ToF-MS) enabling BVOC detection high time mass resolution, together ability identify certain molecular...
Throughout the temperate zones, plants face combined drought and heat spells in increasing frequency intensity. Here, we compared periodic (intermittent, i.e., high-frequency) versus chronic (continuous, high-intensity) drought-heat stress scenarios gray poplar (Populus× canescens) for phenotypic transcriptomic effects during after recovery. Photosynthetic productivity recovery exceeded performance of trees without experience. We analyzed molecular basis this stress-related memory phenotype...
Abstract. Substantial amounts of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can be formed from isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX), which are oxidation products mainly under low-NO conditions. Total IEPOX-SOA, may include SOA other parallel pathways, was quantified by applying Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) to mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements. The IEPOX-SOA fractions OA in multiple field studies across several continents summarized here and show consistent patterns with the concentration gas-phase...
Abstract Background Tansy plants ( Tanacetum vulgare L.) are known for their high intraspecific chemical variation, especially of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the terpenoid compound group. These VOCs closely involved in plant-insect interactions and, when profiled, can be used to classify into groups as chemotypes. chemotypes have been shown influence plant-aphid interactions, however, date no information is available on response different tansy simultaneous herbivory by more than...
Abstract. Oxidation flow reactors (OFRs) allow the concentration of a given atmospheric oxidant to be increased beyond ambient levels in order study secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation and aging over varying periods equivalent by that oxidant. Previous studies have used these determine bulk OA mass chemical evolution. To our knowledge, no OFR has focused on interpretation evolving size distributions. In this study, we use size-distribution measurements an microphysics model learn about...
Abstract. Ambient air was oxidized by OH radicals in an oxidation flow reactor (OFR) located a montane pine forest during the BEACHON-RoMBAS campaign to study biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation and aging. High concentrations short residence times allowed for semi-continuous cycling through large range of exposures ranging from hours weeks equivalent (eq.) atmospheric A simple model is derived used account relative time scales condensation low volatility compounds (LVOCs) onto...