ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEFeatureNEXTFrom Bioavailability Science to Regulation of Organic ChemicalsJose-J. Ortega-Calvo*†, Joop Harmsen‡, John R. Parsons§, Kirk T. Semple||, Michael D. Aitken⊥, Charmaine Ajao#, Charles Eadsforth∇, Malyka Galay-Burgos○, Ravi Naidu◆, Robin Oliver¶, Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg∞★, Jörg Römbke⊗, Georg Streck⧓, and Bram Versonnen#View Author Information† Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologı́a Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC), Apartado 1052, E-41080-Seville,...

Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) typically exist as complex mixtures in contaminated soils, yet little is known about the biodegradation of PAHs mixtures. We have isolated two physiologically diverse bacteria, Pseudomonas stutzeri P-16 and P. saccharophila P-15, from a creosote-contaminated soil by enrichment on phenanthrene sole carbon source studied their ability to metabolize several other two- three-ring PAHs. Naphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene served growth...

Pseudomonas saccharophila P15 was isolated from soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and previously reported to degrade a variety of low- high-molecular weight PAH. Strain grows on phenanthrene by known pathway in which salicylate is an intermediate. Preincubation downstream intermediates through stimulated PAH dioxygenase activity initial rates removal, suggesting that the inducer these activities. Salicylate also greatly enhanced removal fluoranthene, pyrene,...

Halomonas species are recognized for producing exopolysaccharides (EPS) exhibiting amphiphilic properties that allow these macromolecules to interface with hydrophobic substrates, such as hydrocarbons. There remains a paucity of knowledge, however, on the potential EPS influence biodegradation In this study, well-characterized produced by strain TG39 was shown effectively increase solubilization aromatic hydrocarbons and enhance their an indigenous microbial community from oil-contaminated...

A strictly aerobic, halotolerant, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain TG408, was isolated from a laboratory culture of the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum (CCAP1077/1C) by enrichment with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as sole carbon source. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed this organism within order Xanthomonadales class Gammaproteobacteria. Its closest relatives included representatives Hydrocarboniphaga-Nevskia-Sinobacter clade (<92% similarity) in family...

The formation of more polar and toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) transformation products is one the concerns associated with bioremediation PAH-contaminated soils. Soil contaminated coal tar (prebioremediation) from a former manufactured gas plant (MGP) site was treated in laboratory scale bioreactor (postbioremediation) extracted using pressurized liquid extraction. soil extracts were fractionated, based on polarity, analyzed for 88 PAHs (unsubstituted, oxygenated, nitrated,...

ABSTRACT Pyrene is a regulated pollutant at sites contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). It mineralized by some bacteria but also transformed to nonmineral products variety of other PAH-degrading bacteria. We examined the formation such four bacterial strains and identified further characterized most apparently significant these metabolites. Pseudomonas stutzeri strain P16 Bacillus cereus P21 pyrene primarily cis -4,5-dihydro-4,5-dihydroxypyrene (PYRdHD), first...

Ten bacterial strains were isolated from seven contaminated soils by enrichment with phenanthrene as the sole carbon source. These isolates and another phenanthrene-degrading strain examined for various characteristics related to degradation their ability metabolize 12 other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), ranging in size two five rings, after growth presence of phenanthrene. Fatty acid methyl ester analysis indicated that at least genera (Agrobacterium, Bacillus, Burkholderia,...

ABSTRACT [ 13 C 6 ]salicylate, [U- C]naphthalene, and C]phenanthrene were synthesized separately added to slurry from a bench-scale, aerobic bioreactor used treat soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Incubations performed for either 2 days (salicylate, naphthalene) or 7 (naphthalene, phenanthrene). Total DNA was extracted the incubations, “heavy” “light” separated, bacterial populations associated heavy fractions examined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)...

The low water solubility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is believed to limit their availability microorganisms, which a potential problem for bioremediation hydrocarbon-contaminated sites. Surfactants have been suggested enhance the bioavailability hydrophobic compounds, but both negative and positive effects surfactants on biodegradation reported in literature. Earlier, we presented mechanistic models phenanthrene dissolution kinetics solubilized surfactant micelles. In this study,...

Chemotaxis has the potential to enhance bacterial degradation of organic pollutants in systems which are distributed heterogeneously. However, experimental evidence confirm this not been documented. In present study, we evaluated role chemotaxis naphthalene by Pseudomonas putida G7 (PpG7) aqueous that supplied from a glass capillary tube. Wild-type PpG7 degraded more rapidly than two mutant strains, one deficient and other motility. This result was due differences inherent kinetics, as all...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of Phenanthrene Dissolution into Water in the Presence Nonionic SurfactantsStefan J. Grimberg, Janet. Nagel, and Michael D. AitkenCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1995, 29, 6, 1480–1487Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00006a008https://doi.org/10.1021/es00006a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle...

Acidovorax sp. strain NA3 was isolated from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soil that had been treated in a bioreactor and enriched with phenanthrene. The 16S rRNA gene of the isolate possessed 99.8 to 99.9% similarity dominant sequences recovered during previous stable-isotope probing experiment [U-(13)C]phenanthrene on same (D. R. Singleton, S. N. Powell, Sangaiah, A. Gold, L. M. Ball, D. Aitken, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71:1202-1209, 2005). grew phenanthrene as sole...

Summary Uncultivated bacteria associated with the degradation of pyrene in a bioreactor treating soil contaminated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were identified by DNA‐based stable‐isotope probing (SIP) and quantified real‐time quantitative PCR. Most 16S rRNA gene sequences recovered from 13 C‐enriched DNA fractions clustered phylogenetically within three separate groups β‐ γ‐Proteobacteria unassociated described genera designated ‘Pyrene Groups 1, 2 3’. One sequence was...

Summary The bacteria responsible for the degradation of naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, fluoranthene or benz[ a ]anthracene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)‐contaminated soil were investigated by DNA‐based stable‐isotope probing (SIP). Clone libraries 16S rRNA genes generated from 13 C‐enriched (‘heavy’) DNA recovered each SIP experiment, and quantitative PCR primers targeting gene developed to measure abundances many SIP‐identified sequences. experiments with phenanthrene...

We evaluated two nonionic surfactants, one hydrophobic (Brij 30) and hydrophilic (C12E8), for their ability to enhance the biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated soil after it had been treated an aerobic bioreactor. The effects each surfactant were at doses corresponding equilibrium aqueous-phase concentrations well above surfactant's critical micelle concentration (CMC), slightly CMC, below CMC. all 3- 4-ring PAHs significantly lower amended with Brij 30...

Pyrosequencing of the bacterial community associated with a cosmopolitan marine diatom during enrichment crude oil revealed several Arenibacter phylotypes, which one (OTU-202) had become significantly enriched by oil. Since members genus have not been previously shown to degrade hydrocarbons, we attempted isolate representative strain this in order directly investigate its hydrocarbon-degrading potential. Based on 16S rRNA sequencing, (designated TG409(T)) exhibited >99% sequence identity...

The bacterial strain TR3.2T was isolated from aerobic bioreactor-treated soil a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated site in Salisbury, NC, USA. Strain identified as member of 'Pyrene Group 2' or 'PG2', previously uncultivated cluster organisms associated with the degradation high-molecular-weight PAHs by stable-isotope probing. Based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence, classified class Gammaproteobacteria but possessed only 90.5 % identity to closest described relative,...

Emerging evidence shows that hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCB) may be commonly found associated with phytoplankton in the ocean, but ecology of these and how they respond to crude oil remains poorly understood. Here, we used a natural diatom-bacterial assemblage investigate diversity response HCB cosmopolitan marine diatom, Skeletonema costatum, oil. Pyrosequencing analysis qPCR revealed dramatic transition diatom-associated bacterial community, defined initially by short-lived bloom...

ABSTRACT Quinones and other oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (oxy-PAHs) are toxic and/or genotoxic compounds observed to be cocontaminants at PAH-contaminated sites, but their formation fate in contaminated environmental systems have not been well studied. Anthracene-9,10-dione (anthraquinone) has found most soils sediments that analyzed for oxy-PAHs. However, little is known about the biodegradation of oxy-PAHs, no bacterial isolates described capable growing on or degrading...

A total of five nonionic surfactants (Brij 30, Span 20, Ecosurf EH-3, polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate, and R-95 rhamnolipid) were evaluated for their ability to enhance PAH desorption biodegradation in contaminated soil after treatment an aerobic bioreactor. Surfactant doses corresponded aqueous-phase concentrations below the critical micelle concentration soil-slurry system. The effect surfactant amendment on (geno)toxicity was also Brij POESH using DT40 B-lymphocyte cell line two its...

The Cold molecule Nuclear Time-Reversal EXperiment (CeNTREX) is a new effort aiming for significant increase in sensitivity over the best present upper bounds on strength of hadronic time reversal ($T$) violating fundamental interactions. experimental signature will be shifts nuclear magnetic resonance frequencies $^{205}$Tl electrically-polarized thallium fluoride (TlF) molecules. Here we describe motivation studying these $T$-violating interactions and using TlF to do so. To achieve higher...