The IgM antibody response to Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) was assessed in F(1), F(2), and backcross progeny derived from high (BALB/cAnN) extremely low (CBA/HN) responding parental strains of inbred mice. results these studies indicated that a major component involved the is X-linked, i.e., carried on X chromosome; this determines responsiveness SSS-III an almost quantal or "all-or-none" manner. Other factors, presumably autosomal genes, regulate magnitude produced by mice...

A method was described for the sensitization of erythrocytes with purified type-specific pneumococcal polysaccharide antigens using chromium chloride as a coupling agent. Erythrocytes so sensitized can be used in routine passive hemagglutination and hemolysis tests well technique localized hemolysis-in-gel detection specific antibody antibody-producing cells, respectively.

The effect of treatment with antilymphocyte serum (ALS) on the magnitude plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) was assessed in athymic nude mice and thymus-bearing littermate controls. Without ALS treatment, PFC slightly higher than control mice. Treatment had no mice; however, considerable enhancement noted Such dose-dependent demonstrable under conditions which there substantial inactivation thymic-derived "helper" cells required for an...

Summary The administration of various types syngeneic lymphoid cells to mice immunized with type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) and treated anti-lymphocyte serum (ALS) revealed that at least two functionally distinct presumably thymic-derived (a suppressor cell an amplifier cell) act in opposing manner regulate the antibody response SSS-III. ability ALS increase magnitude SSS-III is apparently result inactivation a normally suppresses produced following immunization

A method was described for the sensitization of erythrocytes with purified type-specific pneumococcal polysaccharide antigens using chromium chloride as a coupling agent. Erythrocytes so sensitized can be used in routine passive hemagglutination and hemolysis tests well technique localized hemolysis-in-gel detection specific antibody antibody-producing cells, respectively.

Abstract A modification of the technique localized hemolysis-in-gel was used, in conjunction with class-specific anti-γ-globulin sera, for detecting IgG and IgA plaque-forming cells (PFC) mice immunized Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III). Small, but significant, numbers PFC could be detected, increased at least 10-fold after treatment antilymphocyte serum (ALS). The results plaque-inhibition studies affirmed that such represent making antibody having same class-specificity as...

Summary Mice treated with antilymphocyte serum (ALS) and immunized type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) showed a tenfold increase in the number of direct splenic plaque-forming cells (PFC); no indirect PFC were detected such mice. These findings suggest that ALS may have selectively eliminated population which exerts regulatory effect on antibody response to SSS-III.

Baker, Phillip J. (University of Wisconsin, Madison), and B. Wilson . Hypoferremia in mice its application to the bioassay endotoxin. Bacteriol. 90: 903–910. 1965.—The ability endotoxin induce hypoferremia was used for A marked depression serum-iron levels occurred 12 hr after intraperitoneal injection 0.01 100 μg Escherichia coli endotoxin; similar results were obtained with 1.0 Brucella abortus This biological response appeared be specific, reproducible, dose-dependent. As heat-killed...

Abstract The kinetics of the antibody response to purified pneumococcal polysaccharides was studied at cellular level using technique localized hemolysis-in-gel in conjunction with erythrocytes sensitized immunizing antigen. overall pattern similar, respect number direct plaqueforming cells produced, that reported for other antigens. However, antisera specific various classes mouse immunoglobulins characterize types plaque-forming it appears is exclusively macroglobulin nature; two...

Abstract The effect of adult splenectomy on the expression suppressor and amplifier T cell activity was examined with respect to serum antibody response Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) by using a sensitive radioimmunoassay. Suppressor activity, as measured degree low-dose paralysis induced, not impaired in least splenectomy; however, almost completely eliminated within 7 days after splenectomy. These findings indicate that is confined solely spleen, major site synthesis...

Serum IgM immunoglobulin levels and antibody responses to an optimally immunogenic dose of Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) were assessed for F(1), F(2), backcross progeny derived from crosses between high responding BALB/cAnN (B) low CBA/HN (C) mice. The results obtained confirmed our original hypothesis, namely, that a major component, present on the X chromosome, governs ability respond SSS-III in decisive manner. Although all C mice had levels, both intermediate responders...

Baker, Phillip J. (University of Wisconsin, Madison), and B. Wilson . Chemical composition biological properties the endotoxin Brucella abortus Bacteriol. 90: 895–902. 1965.—The ability to induce hypoferremia in mice was used measure specific activity various preparations Escherichia coli determine content several strains differing virulence for guinea pigs. The from E. possessed greater than those same types preparations, whether obtained high or low virulence, had about activity. Although...

Quaternary climatic fluctuations have had profound effects on the phylogeographic structure of many species. Classically, species were thought to become isolated in peninsular refugia, but there is limited evidence that large, non-polar survived outside traditional refugial areas. We examined red fox (Vulpes vulpes), a shows high ecological adaptability western Palaearctic region. compared mitochondrial DNA sequences (cytochrome b and control region) from 399 modern 31 ancient individuals...

Treatment with nontoxic monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), which was derived from a polysaccharide-deficient, heptoseless Re mutant of Salmonella typhimurium, found to inactivate suppressor T-cell activity, as evidenced by decrease in the degree low-dose immunological paralysis expressed and an increase magnitude antibody response type III pneumococcal polysaccharide. The effects produced, could not be attributed polyclonal activation immune B cells MPL, were dependent upon dose MPL used, well...

Abstract Prior treatment with a marginally immunogenic dose of Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) resulted in the development an unresponsive state. Such low-dose paralysis, which is antigen-specific, could not be induced athymic nude mice and abrogated by anti-lymphocyte serum (ALS), procedure reported to inactivate thymic-derived suppressor cells (suppressor T cells). These findings provide support for view that paralysis SSS-III cell-dependent phenomenon cells, activated low...

Abstract The present study was conducted primarily to obtain information concerning the mechanism by which suppressor thymic-derived (T) cells influence magnitude of antibody response type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III). This accomplished examining effects treatment with antilymphocyte serum (ALS) and Velban, a mitotic inhibitor, on kinetics for appearance plaque-forming (PFC) in mice immunized SSS-III. Without ALS-treatment, were essentially biphasic. First, there phase during...