Numerous functional neuroimaging studies have observed lateral parietal lobe activation during memory tasks: a surprise to clinicians who traditionally associated the with spatial attention rather than memory. Recent neuropsychological examining episodic recollection after lesions reported differing results. Performance was preserved in unilateral lesion patients on source tasks involving recollecting context which stimuli were encountered, and impaired bilateral assessing free recall of...

A model of normal attentional function, based on the concept competitive parallel processing, is used to compare deficits following parietal and frontal lobe lesions. Measurements are obtained for visual processing speed, capacity short-term memory (VSTM), spatial bias (bias left or right hemifield) top-down control (selective attention task relevance). The results show important differences, but also surprising similarities, in patients. For speed VSTM, selectively associated with lesions,...

Although progressive supranuclear palsy is defined by its akinetic rigidity, vertical gaze and falls, cognitive impairments are an important determinant of patients' carers' quality life. Here, we investigate whether there a broad deficit modality-independent social cognition in explore the neural correlates for these. We recruited 23 patients with (using clinical diagnostic criteria, nine subsequent pathological confirmation) 22 age- education-matched controls. Participants performed...

Temperament research has highlighted the importance of attentional control in both emotion regulation and as a predictor psychopathology. Enhanced susceptibility to emotional distraction is key feature mood disturbance. Whereas many studies have examined influence individual differences anxiety on disruptive effects distractors, been largely neglected. Here we examine, within healthy volunteers, relative contributions self-reported distractibility caused by or neutral faces distractors...

Attentional control refers to the regulatory processes that ensure our actions are in accordance with goals. Dual-system accounts view temperament as consisting of both individual variation emotionality (e.g., trait anxiety) and attentional mechanisms act modulate emotionality. Increasing evidence links clinical mood anxiety disorder symptoms, independent biases threat have been robustly linked disorders. However, role influencing such biases, neural underpinnings control, unknown. Here, we...

Difficulties with attention are common following stroke, particularly in patients frontal and parietal damage, associated poor outcome. Home-based online cognitive training may have the potential to provide an efficient effective way improve attentional functions such patients. Little work has been carried out assess efficacy of this approach stroke patients, lack studies active control conditions rigorous evaluations functioning pre post-training means understanding is limited as whether...

Research suggests that the severity of left spatial neglect can be modulated by changes in general alertness. Analogous effects healthy volunteers now suggest this may reflect an amplified form a normal pattern. Recent neuropsychological studies also concurrent cognitive load exacerbate rightward bias. In study, for first time, authors examined effect both factors on bias volunteers. Participants performed task which as many letters possible needed to reported from briefly presented visual...

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is a risk factor for poor mental health. Acquired brain injury (ABI; example, stroke, traumatic injury) often brings considerable and increased mood disorder vulnerability. The Uncertainty Scale–Short Form (IUS-12) brief, well-validated IU measure in non-ABI samples, comprising two subscales, namely, Prospective Anxiety Inhibitory Anxiety. Here, the first time, we investigated its reliability validity ( N = 118), structure 176), ABI. Both subscales had high...

Cognitive difficulties are common following stroke and can have widespread impacts on everyday functioning. Technological advances offer the possibility of individualized cognitive training for patients at home, potentially providing a low-cost, low-intensity adjunct to rehabilitation services. Using this approach, we previously demonstrated post-training improvements in attention functioning fronto-parietal patients. Here examine whether these benefits observed more broadly community...

Depression, which is common following acquired brain injury (ABI), has been shown to predict cognitive impairment, rehabilitation outcome, and quality of life. Whilst many studies have examined links between depression cognitive-affective processing in the non-ABI population, their applicability this important clinical group, where difficulties can be marked, remains unknown. Here, we investigated biases prospective cognition, known disrupted (non-ABI) yet for well-being.Cross-sectional...

Abstract Background Acquired brain injuries (ABI) from stroke, head injury, or resected tumours are associated with poor emotional wellbeing and heightened risk of mood disorder. Common sequalae ABI, such as attention memory, can create barriers to the efficacy cognitively demanding interventions, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). Activation (BA), where individuals plan engage in reinforcing activities, is a promising alternative due lower cognitive demands. However, BA was initially...

Acquired brain injury (ABI) affects approximately 79.3 million individuals annually and is linked with elevated rates of depression low mood. Existing methods for treating in ABI have shown mixed efficacy. Behavioural activation (BA) a potentially promising intervention. Its premise that mood avoid planning engaging activities due to expectations positive outcome. Consequently, their exposure reinforcement reduced, exacerbating BA aims break this cycle by encouraging activity engagement. It...

<h3>Introduction</h3> Oculomotor and cognitive functions are both affected by progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). From functional-anatomical models of parallel cortico-subcortical loops, we predicted that cognition oculomotor control would be more closely related than motor performance. <h3>Methods</h3> 19 PSP patients 22 controls underwent reflex saccade monitoring with a head mounted infrared saccadometer the LATER model reciprocal latency (Ober consulting; Carpenter et al 1995)....

Abstract Difficulties with attention are common following stroke and associated poor outcome. Home-based online cognitive training may have to the potential provide an efficient effective way improve attentional functions in such patients. Little work has been carried out assess efficacy of this approach patients, lack studies active control conditions rigorous evaluations functioning pre post means understanding is limited as whether how interventions be effective. Here we compare effects...

Acquired Brain Injury (ABI), an important cause of long-term disability, is associated with a significantly increased incidence depression in addition to common cognitive and physical consequences. Past research has reliably linked post-ABI injury severity (e.g. extent or impairment) premorbid mood problems. In the general (non-ABI) population, however, vulnerabilities have informed development psychological interventions. this observational study, we examine two potential heterogenous group...

Acquired Brain Injury (ABI), an important cause of long-term disability, is associated with increased rates depression in addition to common cognitive and physical consequences. Past research has linked post-ABI injury severity (e.g., extent or impairment) premorbid mood problems. In the general (non-ABI) population, vulnerabilities that have informed development psychological interventions. this observational study a heterogeneous sample individuals chronic stage ABI, we examine two -...

Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is linked to increased depression risk. Existing therapies for in ABI (e.g., Cognitive Behavioural Therapy) have mixed efficacy. Activation (BA), an intervention that encourages engaging positively reinforcing activities, shows promise. We assess feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of two 8-week BA groups. Whereas the Activity Planning group (AP; “traditional” BA) trained participants plan activities over 8 weeks, Engagement (AE;...

Abstract Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI) affects approximately 79.3 million individuals annually and is linked with elevated rates of depression low mood. Existing methods for treating in ABI have shown mixed efficacy. Behavioural Activation (BA) a potentially promising intervention. Its premise that mood avoid planning engaging activities due to expectations positive outcome. Consequently, their exposure reinforcement reduced, exacerbating BA aims break this cycle by encouraging...