Soybean is an important crop in South America, and its production limited by fungal diseases caused species from the genus Diaporthe, including seed decay, pod stem blight, soybean canker (SSC). In this study, we focused on Diaporthe isolated plants with SSC lesions different parts of Uruguay. diversity was determined sequencing internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions ribosomal RNA a partial region translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (TEF1α). Phylogenetic analysis showed that...

Abstract Background Diaporthe caulivora is a fungal pathogen causing stem canker in soybean worldwide. The generation of genomic and transcriptomic information this ascomycete, together with comparative approach other pathogens genus, will contribute to get insights into the molecular basis pathogenicity strategies used by D. species. Results In present work, nuclear genome isolate (D57) was resolved, comprehensive annotation based on gene expression analysis provided. D57 has an estimated...

Changes in pathotype structure of Phytophthora sojae populations have been attributed to deployment race-specific resistant Rps genes soybean that incorporated into commercial cultivars reduce losses due root and stem rot. To test this hypothesis, a cultivar rotation study was established from 2007 through 2010 microplots at site Iowa with no history cultivation. All were inoculated P. isolate PR1, race 1 (vir 7) prior planting year 1. Six rotations tested: (i) continuous sojae-susceptible...

Phytophthora root and stem rot, caused by sojae, is an economically important disease of soybean throughout the Midwestern United States. This has been successfully managed with resistance (Rps) genes; however, pathogen populations Midwest have developed virulence to many Rps genes, including those that not deployed. To gain a better understanding processes influence P. sojae evolution, population genetic structure was compared among using one isolate collected from 17, 33, 20 fields in...

A nodule-inhabiting

Analysis of an organism's genetic diversity requires a method that gives reliable, reproducible results. Microsatellites are robust markers, however, detection allele sizes can be difficult with some systems as well consistency among laboratories. In this study, our two laboratories used 219 isolates Phytophthora sojae to compare three microsatellite methods. Two capillary electrophoresis methods, the Applied Biosystems 3730 Genetic Analyzer and CEQ 8000 system, detected average 2.4-fold...

Grain mold and stalk rot are among the fungal diseases that cause significant losses in sorghum worldwide caused by different Fusarium spp. The presence of species grains causes yield mycotoxin contamination, which represents a risk to consumers. In this study, graminearum complex (FGSC) had high incidence, followed fujikuroi (FFSC) F. incarnatum-equiseti complex. Within FFSC, proliferatum, andiyazi, fujikuroi, thapsinum, verticillioides subglutinans were identified, was first report...

ABSTRACT Phytophthora root and stem rot, caused by sojae Kauf Gerd, is one of the most damaging diseases soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in United States. Partial resistance (PR), which defined as relative ability a plant to survive infection without showing severe symptoms, an effective way manage this disease. A modification layer test method used screen for PR P. was evaluated. Instead ‐colonized agar layer, current greenhouse cup assay, ‐infested rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grains were...

Abstract Soybean stem canker (SSC) is an important disease caused by different Diaporthe spp., including D . aspalathi , caulivora and longicolla that leads to soybean ( Glycine max ) yield losses around the world. Most studies have been focused on morphological characterization molecular identification of spp. present in SSC lesions. Several resistance loci causing identified, although identities genes are at unknown. In this review, we summarize current knowledge disease, their...

Phakopsora pachyrhizi is a fairly new pathogen in South America and has become serious threat for soybean production the region (3). During May 2004, (Glycine max) leaves with rust symptoms were observed on an experimental trial at La Estanzuela, National Institute Agricultural Research Colonia, southwestern Uruguay, late-maturing genotypes (R7 stage). Small, necrotic, reddish brown lesions, suggestive of rust, detected upper surface leaves. Uredinia urediniospores found underside The...

Soybean stem canker (SSC) caused by the fungal pathogen Diaporthe caulivora is an important disease affecting soybean production worldwide. However, limited information related to molecular mechanisms underlying resistance species available. In present work, we analyzed defense responses D. in genotypes Williams and Génesis 5601. The results showed that compared Williams, 5601 more resistant infection evidenced significantly smaller lesion length, reduced severity biomass. Transcriptional...

La podredumbre de raíz y base tallo causada por Phytophthora sojae es una enfermedad que causa mermas importantes en el cultivo soja mundo la región. Este primer reporte este patógeno afectando Uruguay. Para 14 aislados P. obtenidos plantas sintomáticas se determinaron siete razas/patotipos diferentes utilizando un set diferenciales usados internacionalmente para tal fin. El 57 % los pertenecieron a único patotipo (vir1b, 3a, 3b, 5), seis restantes cada uno diferente incluyendo algunas razas...

Colloquially known as Soybean Stem Fly, Melanagromyza sojae (Zehntner, 1901) (Diptera, Agromyzidae) is an oligophagous pest of plants in the family Fabaceae, including Uruguay’s biggest commodity crop, ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.). To our knowledge, this first scientific record M. Uruguay, and we confirm its identity through using DNA barcoding. Characteristic damage to host immature stages were confirmed Dolores Colonia, Uruguay.

The leafminer Phytomyza rufipes Meigen, 1830 (Diptera, Agromyzidae) is an oligophagous pest of plants the family Cruciferae. These include Canola, Brassica napus L. We report record P. in Uruguay, which confirmed through molecular characterization using DNA barcoding. Characteristic dam-age symptoms and immature stages were first on a Canola crop Flores, Uruguay.

Sorghum is the third major rainfed summer crop after maize and soybean in Uruguay. Worldwide this affected by Fusarium spp. that infect colonize panicles, kernels, peduncles, stalks, roots, causing yield losses threatening grain quality. In Uruguay, F. graminearum sensu stricto (F. s.s.) predominant species grain, followed proliferatum, andiyazi, fujikuroi, thapsinum, but little known about these country. To assess pathogenicity, a mixture of three isolates from each five were used to...

Sorghum leaves with concentric lesions, alternating purple to red and beige cinnamon, were observed for the first time in January 2017. The same symptoms later 29 % of sorghum cultivars official Evaluación Nacional de Cultivares INASE-INIA trials. pathogen was identified as Microdochium sorghi (syn. Gloeocercospora sorghi) once pathogenicity trials, morphological molecular descriptions done. This is report this affecting Uruguay.