A5055192826- Silicon Effects in Agriculture
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Aluminum toxicity and tolerance in plants and animals
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Biological Control of Invasive Species
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
- Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Plant and animal studies
- Botanical Research and Chemistry
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
Western Sydney University
2020-2025
Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria
2017-2025
Kansas State University
2012-2021
Waters (United States)
2021
Iowa State University
2011-2012
Silicon (Si) has been widely reported to improve plant resistance water stress via various mechanisms including cuticular Si deposition reduce leaf transpiration. However, there is limited understanding of the effects on stomatal physiology, underlying and implications for stress. We grew tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb. cv. Fortuna) hydroponically, with or without Si, treated half plants 20% polyethylene glycol impose physiological drought (osmotic stress). Scanning electron...
Journal Article Adaptation by Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to Bt Maize: Inheritance, Fitness Costs, and Feeding Preference Get access Jennifer L. Petzold-Maxwell, Petzold-Maxwell 1Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. 2Corresponding author, e-mail: jpetzold@iastate.edu. Search for other works this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ximena Cibils-Stewart, Cibils-Stewart 50011.3Current address: Department Kansas Manhattan, KS 66506....
Societal Impact Statement Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi support plant development by enhancing growth and resistance to pathogens through mycorrhiza‐induced (MIR). However, the varying capacities of individual AM fungal species induce MIR are not well‐understood, limiting their agricultural potential. This study reveals that specific isolates differ in ability enhance tomato reduce biomass losses due Rhizoctonia solani infection, a major root pathogen. By identifying MIR‐effective...
Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood, Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) causes economic losses in soybean crops by diminishing productivity, impacting grain size, oil content, and germination power. RNA interference (RNAi), a conserved gene regulation process initiated double-stranded (dsRNA), may be used as safe technique integrated pest management strategies. Conjugating dsRNA with cationic polymers, which protect from degradation has shown to enhance this response. This study aims assess the impact of...
Supplementing plants with silicon (Si) often improves plant productivity and resilience to biotic abiotic stresses, but this is mostly reported in highly controlled experimental environments. The ecological consequences of Si supplementation, including environmental benefits potential risks, are therefore poorly understood require field-scale evaluation how supplementation affects the wider ecosystem, such as invertebrate communities soil physicochemical properties. We conducted first field...
In the summer of 2023, ingestion
Abstract Silicon (Si) can adversely affect insect herbivores, particularly in plants that evolved the ability to accumulate large quantities of Si. Very rapid herbivore‐induced accumulation Si has recently been demonstrated, but level protection against herbivory this affords remains unknown. Brachypodium distachyon , a model hyperaccumulating grass, was exposed chewing herbivore, Helicoverpa armigera, and grown under three conditions: supplied over 34 d (+Si), not (−Si), or once began (−Si...
Abstract Plants deploy diverse anti‐herbivore defences which reduce feeding and performance of herbivores. Temperate grasses use silicon (Si) accumulation Epichloë ‐endophytes for physical chemical (i.e. endophytic‐alkaloids) defence against insect Recent studies suggest that increase Si in their host grass. It is unknown, however, how this affects Si‐deposition on the leaf surface, impacts herbivore efficiency immunity to potential infection/parasitism. To address knowledge gap, we grew...
Abstract Altered precipitation patterns due to climate change are likely impose water‐deficit stress in plants resulting changes specific leaf mass, water content and chemical defences that may impact herbivorous arthropods. Grasses, particular, accumulate large concentrations of silicon (Si) which provides physical defence against herbivores. Although Si uptake by be affected availability, very few studies have investigated the combined effect on insect herbivore performance. We grew tall...
Abstract Silicon (Si) accumulation alleviates a diverse array of environmental stresses in many plants, including conferring physical resistance against insect herbivores. It has been hypothesised that grasses, particular, utilise ‘low metabolic cost’ Si for structural and defensive roles under nutrient limitation. While carbon (C) concentrations often negatively correlate with concentrations, the relationship between nitrogen (N) status is more variable. Moreover, impacts N limitation on...
Abstract Many temperate grasses are both hyper‐accumulators of silicon (Si) and hosts Epichloë fungal endophytes, functional traits which may alleviate environmental stresses such as herbivore attack. Si accumulation endophyte infection operate synergistically, but this has not been tested in a field setting, nor the context changing conditions. Predicted increases atmospheric CO 2 concentrations can affect function, these have studied combination. We investigated how elevated (eCO ),...
Abstract Silicon (Si) has an important role in mitigating diverse biotic and abiotic stresses plants, mainly via the silicification of plant tissues. Environmental changes such as atmospheric CO 2 concentrations may affect grass Si which, turn, can alter herbivore performance. We recently demonstrated that pre‐industrial increased accumulation Brachypodium distachyon grass, yet patterns deposition leaves whether this affects insect performance remains unknown. Moreover, it is unclear ‐driven...
Abstract Grasses have developed a wide range of morphological and physiological mechanisms to resist herbivory. For instance, they accumulate silicon (Si) in tissue, as physical defence, associate symbiotically with foliar Epichloë ‐endophytes that provide chemical defence via antiherbivore alkaloids. Recent evidence showed some increase Si forage grasses; however, whether this impacts insect herbivores is unknown. Furthermore, while primarily it also affects production plant defensive...
Predicting how plants allocate to different anti-herbivore defences in response elevated carbon dioxide (CO
Abstract The cabbage aphid, B revicoryne brassicae L . ( H emiptera: A phididae), is a perennial pest that specializes on plants of the rassicaceae family, attacking winter canola rassica napus .) mainly during and after flowering. Under field conditions, aphid colonizes upper flowering canopy. Population dynamics aphids in canopy could be regulated by differences either plant quality (bottom‐up) or predatory (top‐down) forces. goal our study was to determine effect feeding location...
Several species of bumble bees are declining in the United States; these populations often show higher prevalence Nosema bombi, a microsporidian pathogen. To date, surveys bee pathogens States have only been conducted on workers and males, yet health population is ultimately dependent success colony-founding queens. We molecular-diagnostic survey N. bombi trypanosomatids, such as Crithidia six spring queens (n = 142) collected 2011 2013 at three sites central Kansas. was found 27% Bombus...
Cool season grasses associate asymptomatically with foliar
Abstract Purpose Silicon (Si) accumulation by grasses alleviates diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. Despite this important functional role, we have limited understanding of how root microbial symbionts, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, affect Si uptake even less about supply AM fungal colonisation. Our objective was to determine the nature two–way interaction in model grass, Brachypodium distachyon. Methods We grew B. distachyon with five levels supplementation using wild-type...
Exotic water primroses (Ludwigia spp.) are aggressive invaders in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. To date, management of exotic Ludwigia spp. has been limited to physical and chemical control methods. Biological provides an alternative approach for the invasive but little is known regarding natural enemies these plants. Herein biology host range Lysathia flavipes (Boheman), a herbivorous beetle associated with Argentina Uruguay, was studied determine its suitability as biocontrol agent...
Alligator weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. (Amaranthaceae) is an aggressive invader in waterways and pastures throughout most of the southeastern U.S.A., California. Three insect biological control agents have provided substantial aquatic A. warmer parts its range U.S.A. However, these insects are less effective against riparian-terrestrial habitats. In this study, host specificity Disonycha argentinensis Jacoby, 1991, was investigated to determine suitability as a...
Abstract Symbiosis plays a critical role in plant biology. Temperate grasses often associate with several symbiotic fungi simultaneously, including Epichloë endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, shoots roots, respectively. These symbionts modulate plant–herbivore interactions by influencing nutritional traits (i.e. AM fungi‐mediated nutrient uptake) and/or the secondary chemistry endophytic alkaloids) of their host plant. Moreover, such also accumulate large amounts silicon (Si)...