Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are widespread urban air pollutants from combustion of fossil fuel and other organic material shown previously to be neurotoxic.In a prospective cohort study, we evaluated the relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder behavior problems prenatal polycyclic hydrocarbon exposure, adjusting for postnatal exposure.Children nonsmoking African-American Dominican women in New York City were followed utero 9 years. Prenatal exposure was estimated...

Three-dimensional computer-assisted orthognathic surgery has been applied to improve planning and outcome. This study presents our experience with this promising modality for simulation of surgery, prefabrication positioning guides, navigation the surgery.Thirty-seven patients who received surgical intraoperative 2-jaw were recruited. Preoperative 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomographic images used design guidance. An initial plan was developed transferred virtual surgery. Modification...

Abstract Background/purpose Root resorption is an important problem in orthodontic treatment. Basically, the root evaluated by using two-dimensional images (e.g., periapical films, panoramic and cephalometric films). However, use of such sometimes underestimates due to incorrect projection magnification. The purpose this study was evaluate correlations between amount tooth movement during treatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials methods We used CBCT measure around six teeth...

This study investigates the recreational cycling and environmental preferences of cyclists in Taiwan. Compared to bicycle tourists using national scenic bikeways local bike lanes, this explores how two types users significantly differ preferences. By questionnaire Ridit analysis, bikeway systems implemented by central government separately. The former is a 201.66 km-long network produced National North Coastline Scenic Administration. latter 17 coastal alone Hsin-Chu city which has been...

This study investigates two groups of recreational cyclists' environmental preferences for, and satisfaction with, existing cycling facilities in a technopolis. An in-depth examination between-group differences demand for was carried out on the basis personal characteristics, experiences, resources. omnibus test conducted to examine whether there were any between workers terms their facilities. Additional analyses importance that cyclists placed factors, as well levels satisfaction....

Previous research has identified the importance of cycling training programs and examined relationship between attitudes behavior cyclists; another important factor that needs further is obstacles to in cities. This study investigates difficulties confronted by Taiwanese students Hsin-Chu technopolis while riding their bikes from school. For an empirical perspective, a questionnaire was designed collect data related perceptions provide descriptive analysis parents. Data were collected...

This paper develops an empirical likelihood approach to testing for stochastic ordering between two univariate distributions under right censorship. The proposed test is based on a maximally selected local statistic. asymptotic null distribution expressed in terms of Brownian bridge. new procedure shown via simulation study have superior power the log-rank and weighted Kaplan-Meier tests crossing hazard alternatives. illustrated using data from randomized clinical trial involving treatment...

New nonparametric tests for the ordering of multiple survival functions are developed with possibility right censorship taken into account. The motivation comes from non-inferiority trials treatments. proposed based on likelihood ratio statistics, which known to provide more powerful than Wald-type procedures, but in this setting have only been studied pairs or absence censoring. We introduce a novel type pool adjacent violator algorithm that leads complete solution problem. limit...

Abstract This paper develops a nonparametric inference framework that is applicable to occupation time curves derived from wearable device data. These consider all activity levels within the range of readings, which preferable practice classifying into discrete categories. Motivated by certain features these curves, we introduce powerful likelihood ratio approach construct confidence bands and compare functional means. Notably, our allows discontinuities in covariances while accommodating...

Recreational cycling is a popular leisure activity in which the cyclist mostly involved for whole day at time. This makes safety and comfort some of most important factors to be attended to, especially when group. Group recreational (GRC) new kind tourism involving courier number tourists. Beside comfort, tracking cyclists, monitoring their health, guiding warning along way are GRC. Information exchanging among cyclists essential achieve above goals. In this paper, an event-based wireless...

In two-sample comparison problems it is often of interest to examine whether one distribution function majorises the other, that is, for presence stochastic ordering. This paper develops a nonparametric test ordering from size-biased data, allowing pattern size bias differ between two samples. The formulated in terms maximally selected local empirical likelihood statistic. A Gaussian multiplier bootstrap devised calibrate test. Simulation results show proposed outperforms an analogous...

Biking has been more and popular recently where public bicycle systems have adopted in many cities around the world. However, to develop design a successful system is challenging. This work proposes novel problem called Station Decision Problem for Bicycle Ad Hoc Networks. The find minimum number of stations while satisfying reach ability richness conditions. A station decision (SD) algorithm using graph theory provided with simulation conducted prove effectiveness this method. real site...

Early-Life Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and ADHD Behavior ProblemsAbstract Number:1478 Frederica Perera*, Hsin-wen Chang, Deliang Tang, Emily Roen, Julie Herbstman, David Camaan, Rachel Miller, Amy Margolis, Shuang Wang, Virginia Rauh Perera* Columbia University, United States, E-mail Address: [email protected] , Chang Tang Roen Herbstman Camaan Southwest Research Institute, Miller Margolis Wang AbstractBackground: aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are widespread urban air...

Empirical likelihood tests for stochastic ordering based on censored and biased data Hsin-wen Chang In the classical two-sample comparison problem, it is often of interest to examine whether distribution function uniformly higher in one group than other. This can be framed terms notion ordering. We consider testing two types data: (1) right-censored (2) sizebiased data. derive our procedures using empirical method, proposed are maximally selected local statistics. For (1), test shown via a...

Study of factors affecting the functioning human brain has been considerable interest for more than a century. In this paper, we focus on structure arterial systems in humans and study how might be related to such

Recreational cycling facilities are gaining increased attention with regard to the creation of social infrastructure and sustainable development in Taiwan. Cycling routes fast becoming a major tourist attraction both urban areas countryside. In response, governmental institutions have determine most effective means evaluate select new routes. addition, they must allocate resources for this development, despite budgetary restrictions considerations availability. This study applies Fuzzy...

AbstractThis article compares distribution functions among pairs of locations in their domains, contrast to the typical approach univariate comparison across individual locations. This bivariate is studied presence sampling bias, which has been gaining attention COVID-19 studies that over-represent more symptomatic people. In cases with either known or unknown we introduce Anderson–Darling-type tests based on both and formulation. A simulation study shows superior performance over one. We...

Volatility plays an essential role in financial markets. It influences asset valuation, risk control, and investment planning. Conventional models, such as the Black-Scholes model, assume a constant volatility, but this does not hold actual markets where volatility fluctuates over time. This paper studies stochastic which allow to change. These models can better reflect real market conditions. By reviewing literature, discusses common including GARCH, Heston, SABR models. The study shows...