A5044198025- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
- Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Plant and animal studies
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Banana Cultivation and Research
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses
AgBiome (United States)
2024
Research Triangle Park Foundation
2024
Syngenta (United States)
2003-2019
Triangle
2015
Cabot (United States)
1994-1995
Geneva College
1995
University of Georgia
1994
Pennsylvania State University
1988-1994
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
1993
ABSTRACT The Vip3A protein, secreted by Bacillus spp. during the vegetative stage of growth, represents a new family insecticidal proteins. In our investigation mode action Vip3A, 88-kDa full-length toxin (Vip3A-F) was proteolytically activated to an approximately 62-kDa core either trypsin (Vip3A-T) or lepidopteran gut juice extracts (Vip3A-G). Biotinylated Vip3A-G demonstrated competitive binding midgut brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV). Furthermore, in ligand blotting experiments with...
CryIA(c) delta-endotoxin, a member of the CryI family Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins, specifically recognizes and binds with high affinity to target proteins in midgut susceptible insects. Protein blots Manduca sexta brush-border membranes probed 125I-CryIA(c) identify major binding protein 120 kDa minor 65 kDa. Monoclonal antibodies were raised against 120-kDa toxin protein. Using isoelectric focusing monoclonal (2B3, 8G1, 12B8) 120- 65-kDa isolated. Labeled affinity-selected...
The western corn rootworm remains one of the most important pests in United States despite use many pest management tools. Cry3A, first coleopteran-active Bacillus thuringiensis toxin isolated, has not been useful for control complex. Modification Cry3A so that it contained a chymotrypsin/cathepsin G protease recognition site loop between alpha-helix 3 and 4 domain I, however, resulted consistent activity ("mCry3A") against neonate rootworm. In vitro chymotrypsin digests showed there was...
A unique, coleopteran-active protein, termed eCry3.1Ab, was generated following variable-region exchange of a Bacillus thuringiensis lepidopteran-active Cry1Ab, with Cry3A region. Our results support the hypothesis that this is responsible for imparting strong bioactivity against larvae western corn rootworm (WCR) (Diabrotica virgifera LeConte), pest species which not susceptible to either parent protein sequence. This study demonstrates potential successfully engineering portion(s) B....
Abstract Africa accounts for a significant portion of the world’s sweetpotato production where it is widely grown as staple crop. In sub-Saharan (SSA), serves an important year-round source calories and nutrition, form income smallholder pre-commercial farmers, increasingly used silage animal feed. However, yield per hectare considerably lower in SSA than from other regions primarily due to weevils (SPW, Cylas spp., Coleoptera: Brentidae). Weevil feeding causes physical damage root can...
Abstract Recent investigations indicated that Bacillus thuringiensis delta‐endotoxins (DET) possess aphidicidal activity in an artificial diet bioassay. Crystalline preparations of CryIIA, CryIIIA and CryIVD solubilized a slightly alkaline sucrose/amino acid clearly imparted toxicity toward adults potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Homoptera: Aphididae) after 4–5 days continuous feeding. No obvious feeding deterrence was noted these assays, as copious honeydew produced aphids...
The adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosyltransferase, Vip2 (vegetative insecticidal protein), from Bacillus cereus in combination with another protein the same organism, Vip1, has activity against western corn rootworm larvae. exerts its intracellular poisoning effect by modifying actin and preventing polymerization. Due to nature of this toxin, expression planta is lethal. In work, we attempted build an enzyme precursor (proenzyme, zymogen) that would silently reside one biological system...
Abstract Osmotic stress due to high sucrose concentration was imposed on the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), in an artificial diet situation. Thin layer chromatography resolved melezitose and six additional honeydew oligosaccharides. Significantly higher levels of these oligosaccharides were recovered from this species response feeding increased dietary concentrations, pointing osmoregulatory response. In addition, carbohydrase activities aphid described. A degree specificity...
A shift toward transgenic crops which produce combinations of insecticidal proteins has increased the interest (Syngenta Seeds, Inc., Minnetonka, MN) in studying potential for interactions amongst those proteins. We present a general testing method accommodates with nonoverlapping spectrums activity. Our sequential approach first investigates groups overlapping activity; e.g., active against Lepidoptera or Coleoptera, respectively. The Colby is used to test within each respective group....
Variation in response to insecticidal proteins is common upon repetition of insect bioassays. Understanding this variation a prerequisite detecting biologically important differences. We tracked neonate Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) susceptibility Vip3Aa19 over 17 generations using standardized bioassay methods. Five larval pretreatment conditions and one condition were tested determine whether was affected. These included: storage time; prefeeding; at reduced temperature; humidity;...
Journal Article Interactions of Color, pH, Buffer Salts, and Ionic Strength in a Simple Feeding Bioassay for the Potato Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Get access F. S. Walters, Walters Pesticide Research Laboratory Graduate Study Center, Department Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802. Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. A. Mullin, Mullin Donaghy, Donaghy E. M. Reeves Annals Entomological Society America, Volume 83, Issue 2,...
Abstract Studies were undertaken to determine the role of symbionts and UV exposure in biosynthesis aphid‐specific polyketides, sorbic acid quinone pigments. Injection adult potato aphids, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), with antibiotic rifampicin did not alter level or myristic triglycerides resultant progeny; pigmentation was also unaffected. However, injection produce marked physiological effects; progeny from injected aphids smaller, slower mature, fecund. Light microscopy confirmed...
Abstract Safety assessment of genetically modified plants includes protein characterization to confirm the intended trait expression. In addition, conduct safety tests, large amount purified needed is usually met through use a surrogate, microbially produced source. Characterization eCry3.1Ab and mCry3A proteins as derived from Event MZIR098 maize was challenging because difficulty in purifying/isolating these that are similar molecular weight have considerable shared sequence...
Abstract Following in vivo injection of [1‐ 14 C]‐sodium acetate, triacylglycerols the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), were extracted and derivatized to p ‐bromophenacyl fatty acid esters for two‐dimensional TLC GLC‐MSD (mass selective detector) analysis. Radiolabeled sorbic ( E , ‐2,4‐hexadienoic) ester was detected, demonstrating that this short chain unique aphids is biosynthesized via an acetogenic pathway. Crotonic ‐2‐butenoic) or hexenoic acids not detected labeled...