A5040826518- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging
- Esophageal Cancer Research and Treatment
- Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
Centre for Inflammation Research
2016-2025
University of Edinburgh
2016-2025
Edinburgh Cancer Research
2016-2025
Cairo University
2025
Edinburgh Royal Infirmary
2011-2024
MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine
2024
Shalamar Hospital
2024
NHS Lothian
2021-2024
Queen's Medical Centre
2015-2023
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance
2023
This guideline is based on a comprehensive review of the literature pulmonary nodules and expert opinion. Although management pathway for majority detected straightforward it sometimes more complex this helped by inclusion detailed specific recommendations 4 algorithms below. The Guideline Development Group (GDG) wanted to highlight new research evidence which has led significant changes in from previously published guidelines. These include use two malignancy prediction calculators (section...
Background. The recently introduced concept of health care–associated pneumonia (HCAP), referring to patients with frequent healthcare contacts and at higher risk contracting resistant pathogens, is controversial.
Abstract Background Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a dominant cell type in the stroma of non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). Fibroblast heterogeneity reflects subpopulations CAFs, which can influence prognosis and treatment efficacy. We describe subtypes CAFs NSCLC. Methods Primary human NSCLC resections were assessed by flow cytometry multiplex immunofluorescence for markers fibroblast activation allowed identification CAF subsets. Survival data analysed our cohort consisting 163...
Background. The 2007 Infectious Disease Society of America/American Thoracic (IDSA/ATS) guidelines for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) recommended new criteria to guide admission the intensive care unit (ICU) patients with this condition. Although major (requirement mechanical ventilation or septic shock requiring vasopressor support) are well established, value minor alone have not been fully validated.
<b>Objective</b> To study the association of clarithromycin with cardiovascular events in setting acute exacerbations chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and community acquired pneumonia. <b>Design</b> Analysis two prospectively collected datasets. <b>Setting</b> Chronic dataset including patients admitted to one 12 hospitals around United Kingdom between 2009 2011; Edinburgh pneumonia cohort NHS Lothian Hospitals 2005 2009. <b>Population</b> 1343 hospital 1631 <b>Main outcome measures</b>...
Abstract Fluorescent antimicrobial peptides are promising structures for in situ , real-time imaging of fungal infection. Here we report a fluorogenic probe to image Aspergillus fumigatus directly human pulmonary tissue. We have developed Trp-BODIPY amino acid with spacer-free C-C linkage between Trp and BODIPY fluorogen, which shows remarkable fluorescence enhancement hydrophobic microenvironments. The incorporation our short does not impair their selectivity cells, enables rapid direct...
BackgroundMany repurposed drugs have progressed rapidly to Phase 2 and 3 trials in COVID19 without characterisation of Pharmacokinetics /Pharmacodynamics including safety data. One such drug is nafamostat mesylate.MethodsWe present the findings a phase Ib/IIa open label, platform randomised controlled trial intravenous hospitalised patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonitis. Patients were assigned randomly standard care (SoC), or an alternative therapy. Nafamostat was administered as...
Abstract Background Targeted lung cancer screening is effective in reducing mortality by upwards of twenty percent. However, not universally available and uptake variable socially patterned. Understanding behaviour integral to designing a service that serves its population promotes equitable uptake. We sought review the literature identify barriers facilitators inform development pilot study Scotland. Methods used Arksey O’Malley’s scoping methodology PRISMA-ScR framework relevant meet aims....
Abstract Immunotherapy promotes the attack of cancer cells by immune system; however, it is difficult to detect early responses before changes in tumor size occur. Here, we report rational design a fluorogenic peptide able picomolar concentrations active granzyme B as biomarker immune-mediated anticancer action. Through series chemical iterations and molecular dynamics simulations, synthesize library FRET peptides identify probe H5 with an optimal fit into B. We demonstrate that enables...
Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the dominant nonmalignant component of tumour microenvironment (TME). CAFs demonstrate a high level inter‐ and intra‐tumour heterogeneity in solid tumours, though drivers CAF subpopulations not fully understood. Here, we that non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient‐derived upregulate secretion inflammatory cytokines (IL6, LIF, IL33, GM‐CSF, IL1ra) chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL20, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11) response to vitro co‐culture with...
A fluorescently labelled ubiquicidin peptide enables bacterial detection in human lung tissue<italic>in vitro</italic>.
Respiratory infections in mechanically ventilated patients caused by Gram-negative bacteria are a major cause of morbidity. Rapid and unequivocal determination the presence, localization, abundance is critical for positive resolution could be used patient stratification monitoring treatment efficacy. Here, we developed an situ approach to visualize bacterial species cellular infiltrates distal human lungs real time. We optical endomicroscopy water-soluble imaging probe based on antimicrobial...
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is strongly associated with anti-biotic treatment, and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) the leading indication for prescription in hospitals. This study assessed incidence of risk factors CDI a cohort patients hospitalized CAP.We analysed data from prospective, observational CAP Edinburgh, UK. Patients diarrhoea were systematically screened CDI, determined through time-dependent survival analysis.Overall, 1883 included, 365 developed 61 had...
The use of optical techniques to interrogate wide ranging samples from semiconductors biological tissue for rapid analysis and diagnostics has gained adoption over the past decades. desire collect ever more spatially, spectrally temporally detailed signatures sample characterization specifically driven a sharp rise in new microscopy technologies. Here we present high-speed scanning microscope capable capturing time resolved images across 512 spectral 32 channels single acquisition with...
Introduction Tumour-reactive T cells producing the B-cell attractant chemokine CXCL13, in solid tumours, promote development of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) and are associated with improved prognosis responsiveness to checkpoint immunotherapy. Cancer fibroblasts dominant stromal cell type non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) where they co-localise can influence activation exhaustion. We questioned whether CAF directly CXCL13-production during activation. Methods characterised surface markers,...
Background: Recognition of cardiovascular risk factors is important for primary and secondary prevention strategies. Recent evidence has linked lower respiratory tract infections with the development acute myocardial infarction. Aim: The aim this study was to determine frequency cerebrovascular events clinical outcomes, during hospitalization community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Design: We performed a retrospective 4408 patients CAP presenting five hospitals over 2-year period. Clinical...
The aim of this study was to investigate whether inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use affects outcome in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) admitted community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This a prospective, observational spirometry-confirmed COPD presenting primary diagnosis CAP Lothian, UK. Outcome measures were compared between ICS users and non-ICS users. Of 490 included the study, 76.7% classified as had higher Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease...
Immunopathology occurs in the lung and spleen fatal coronavirus disease (COVID-19), involving monocytes/macrophages plasma cells. Antiinflammatory therapy reduces mortality, but additional therapeutic targets are required. We aimed to gain mechanistic insight into COVID-19 immunopathology by targeted proteomic analysis of pulmonary splenic tissues. Lung parenchymal tissue was obtained from 13 postmortem examinations patients with COVID-19. Control cancer resection samples (lung) deceased...