Abstract Plants cope with drought stress by manipulating key physiological processes like photosynthesis, respiration, water relations, antioxidant and hormonal metabolism. There exist multiple often redundant sensors, which transduce the signal through secondary signalling molecules to nucleus, where expression of stress‐response genes is regulated. Transcription factors play an important role in regulating genes. Another level regulation gene at epigenetic involves modifications either...

In order to discriminate between the ionic and osmotic components of salt stress, sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L. cv. Co 86032) plants were treated with salt-NaCl or polyethylene glycol-PEG 8000 solutions (−0.7 MPa) for 15 days. Both PEG treatments significantly reduced leaf width, number green leaves, chlorophyll stability index. Osmotic adjustment (OA) indicated that both stresses led significant accumulation osmolytes sugars. Salt stressed appeared use as an osmoticum while showed...

Five varieties of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench., differing in their drought tolerance under field conditions have been used to study the effect individual components stress, namely high light intensity heat stress and water on photosynthetic performance. Chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco, EC 4.1.1.39) phosphoenolpyruvate (PEPcase, 4.1.1.31) activity oxygen evolution were as key parameters assess The results indicated that...

Abstract Tomato plants colonised with the arbuscular mycorrhizal ( AM ) fungus Glomus fasciculatum show systemic induced resistance to foliar pathogen Alternaria alternata , as observed in interactions of other ‐colonised a range pathogens. The role jasmonic JA and salicylic SA acid expression this mycorrhiza‐induced MIR against A. was studied by measuring: (i) activity enzymes reported be involved their biosynthesis, namely lipoxygenase LOX phenylammonia lyase PAL ); (ii) levels methyl...

SUMMARY Plant-specific transcription factors belonging to the dehydration response element binding (DREB)/C-repeat factor (CBF) subfamily of AP2/EREBP family specifically interact with dehydration-responsive elements (DRE)/C-repeat (CRT) and control expression many stress-inducible genes in plants. Two major subgroups DREB proteins are represented by DREB1 DREB2, which induced under cold drought/salt stress, respectively. A DREB2 gene from sorghum, SbDREB2 was identified cloned binary...

Abstract Atmospheric CO 2 levels on Earth have risen steeply over the last 60 years and will continue to do so in future. traps heat from earth's surface, which causes an increase temperature leads other climatic changes. Crop plants are currently challenged by climate change. In general, elevated increases photosynthetic rates, plant growth ability of counteract stress. However, effect eCO respiration is not apparent. Plants growing at probably sufficient respiratory ATP drive cellular...

Abstract Plant defence responses are regulated by a complex network of signal molecules and transcriptional regulators. Resistance ( R ) genes play role in specific recognition pathogen initiate responses. Three key molecules, namely salicylic acid (SA), jasmonate (JA) ethylene (ET) mediate expression both gene‐mediated) as well basal The signalling pathways involving these have been studied using mutants showing enhanced susceptibility or resistance to pathogens, those insensitivity...

Genes coding for drought response element binding (DREB) proteins regulate transcription of a large number downstream genes involved in the plant to abiotic stresses. However regulation DREB themselves is not well understood. Using bioinformatics approach, we identified over-represented motifs promoters sorghum and rice as compared all other their genomes. Aligned orthologous promoter pairs DREBs were then used identify co-localized from among ones, assuming that such likely play regulatory...

Abstract β ‐Aminobutyric acid (BABA) pretreatment of Brassica plants protected them against the necrotrophic pathogen Alternaria brassicae . The achieved resistance level was much higher than that seen after salicylic (SA) and jasmonic (JA) pretreatments. BABA to leaves, 1 day before inoculation, led an inhibition oxidative burst a decrease in SA levels, but did not influence lipoxygenase activity nor cause callose deposition at site inoculation. Expression two marker genes JA pathways,...

Microstructural evolution in TiAl3 and base alloys formed by the reaction synthesis between liquid Al solid Ti or has been studied carrying out tests on couples isothermally reacted 973 1373 K for different time intervals. It found that product forms exothermic chemical while is only up to tempperature of 1273 K, as well Ti9Al23 form when carried at K. In all cases microstructure layer comprises titanium aluminide particles dispersed an rich matrix. However, morphological features shown be...