A5071106707- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Hepatitis C virus research
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Global Health and Surgery
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
Johns Hopkins University
2016-2025
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2016-2025
Bloomberg (United States)
2025
Alexandra Hospital
2022
Hudson Institute
2022
Perinatal HIV Research Unit
2008-2021
University of Brawijaya
2021
University of the Witwatersrand
2008-2021
Milken Institute
2021
Johns Hopkins University Center for AIDS Research
2021
The hypothesis that quiescent CD4 + T lymphocytes carrying proviral DNA provide a reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus–type 1 (HIV-1) in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was examined. In study of 22 successfully treated with HAART up to 30 months, replication-competent virus routinely recovered from resting lymphocytes. frequency cells harboring latent HIV-1 low, 0.2 16.4 per 10 6 cells, and, cross-sectional analysis, did not decrease increasing time therapy....
The American Thoracic Society, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Infectious Diseases Society of America jointly sponsored the development this guideline treatment drug-susceptible tuberculosis, which is also endorsed by European Respiratory US National Tuberculosis Controllers Association. Representatives from Academy Pediatrics, Canadian International Union Against Lung Disease, World Health Organization participated in guideline. This provides recommendations on clinical public...
Treatment of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is an essential component control and elimination. The current standard regimen isoniazid for 9 months efficacious but limited by toxicity low rates treatment completion.We conducted open-label, randomized noninferiority trial comparing 3 directly observed once-weekly therapy with rifapentine (900 mg) plus (combination-therapy group) self-administered daily (300 (isoniazid-only in subjects at high risk tuberculosis. Subjects were...
Background: In clinical trials, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduces plasma HIV-1 RNA levels to less than 500 copies/mL in 60% 90% of patients with infection. The performance such outside the trial setting is unclear. Objective: To determine factors associated failure suppress and adverse drug reactions a cohort whom protease inhibitor-containing was begun large urban clinic. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Johns Hopkins HIV Clinic Baltimore, Maryland. Patients: 273...
We assessed risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in 633 heterosexual intravenous drug users. The HIV seroprevalence was 26% blacks, 10% Hispanics, and 6% whites. Intravenous cocaine use significantly increased the of infection, with a 35% daily users (odds ratio, 6.4; 95% confidence interval, 3.0 to 13.3). Black subjects were more likely regularly. Drug shooting galleries sharing injection equipment also associated common By multivariate analysis, black race, by...
The three year actuarial progression rate to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in a cohort of men San Francisco who were seropositive for human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) was 22%. An additional 26 (19%) developed AIDS related conditions. β<sub>2</sub> Microglobulin concentration, packed cell volume, HIV p24 antigenaemia, and proportion number T4 lymphocytes each independently predicted AIDS. most powerful predictor. 111 subjects tested normal by all predictors (40%) had 7%,...
Hepatologists are frequently asked to evaluate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with abnormal liver enzymes and assess the causal role of medications, such as antiretroviral drugs. Recently, use HIV-1 specific non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), including nevirapine (NVP) efavirenz (EFV), has been associated severe hepatic injury. We prospectively studied incidence hepatotoxicity (grade 3 or 4 change in alanine aspartate transaminase levels) among...
Journal Article Incidence and Natural History of Cytomegalovirus Disease in Patients with Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treated Zidovudine Get access Joel E. Gallant, Gallant Reprints or correspondence: Dr. AIDS Services, Johns Hopkins University School Medicine, 1830 Monument St., Suite 7400, Baltimore, MD 21205. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard D. Moore, Moore Douglas Richman, Richman Jeanne Keruly, Keruly Chaisson, Chaisson...
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases risk of tuberculosis and may interfere effectiveness antituberculosis chemotherapy. To examine outcomes in patients both diagnoses, we conducted a retrospective study all 132 listed acquired syndrome (AIDS) case registries San Francisco from 1981 through 1988.
Tuberculosis has been reported previously in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who are at increased risk of prior infection Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We performed a population-baaed study AIDS and tuberculosis San Francisco using the Registries Department Public Health. Of 287 cases non-Asian-born males 15 to 60 yr age from 1981 through 1885, 35 (12%) also had AIDS, including 23 American-born whites. Patients were more likely be nonwhite heterosexual intravenous drug users...
Background: _The use of protease inhibitor-containing (PI) combination antiretroviral therapy has led to a reduction in the incidence opportunistic illness and mortality (events) HIV infection. We wished quantify changing these events our clinical practice delineate relationship between CD4, HIV-1 RNA, development patients receiving PI therapy. Methods: assessed HIV-infected with CD4 counts ≤ 500 cells ∞_106/l. calculated from 1994 through 1998 analyzed association temporal changes event In...
Objective: To determine adherence to and effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in adolescents vs. adults southern Africa. Design: Observational cohort study. Setting: Aid for AIDS, a private sector disease management program Subjects: Adolescents (age 11-19 years; n = 154) (n 7622) initiating ART between 1999 2006 having viral load measurement within 1 year after initiation. Main Outcome Measures: Primary: virologic suppression (HIV ≤400 copies/mL), rebound, CD4+ T-cell count at 6,...
Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection eventually develops in most patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This results substantial morbidity and reduces survival by about six months.
Rifapentine-based regimens have potent antimycobacterial activity that may allow for a shorter course in patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis.
Guidelines for drug therapy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease are based primarily on the stage of disease. To determine whether sociodemographic characteristics patients influence practice, we analyzed use antiretroviral and prophylactic Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) an urban population infected with HIV.All presenting first time to our HIV clinic from March 1990 through December 1992 were enrolled. Data clinical variables collected at presentation after six months. We...
Background: Adherence of 95% or more to unboosted protease regimens is required for optimal virologic suppression in HIV-1–infected patients. Whether the same true nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)–based therapy unclear. Objective: To assess relationship between adherence NNRTI–based and viral load treatment-naive Design: Observational cohort study. Setting: Private-sector HIV AIDS disease management program South Africa. Patients: 2821 adults infected with who began...
Treatment of latent tuberculosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is efficacious, but few around world receive such treatment. We evaluated three new regimens for that may be more potent and durable than standard isoniazid treatment.We randomly assigned South African adults HIV infection a positive tuberculin skin test who were not taking antiretroviral therapy to rifapentine (900 mg) plus weekly 12 weeks, rifampin (600 twice (300 daily up 6 years (continuous...