A5017756604- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Statistical Methods and Inference
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Sex work and related issues
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
Johns Hopkins University
2016-2025
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2024
University of Illinois Chicago
2004-2022
Georgetown University
2005-2022
Virginia Commonwealth University
2022
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
2022
Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science
2020
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2019
Yale University
2019
University of Washington
2009-2019
Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly increased survival among HIV-positive adults in the United States (U.S.) and Canada, but gains life expectancy for this region have not been well characterized. We aim to estimate temporal changes on ART from 2000-2007 U.S. Canada.Participants were North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration Research Design (NA-ACCORD), aged ≥20 years ART. Mortality rates calculated using participants' person-time January 1, 2000 or initiation until...
Competing events can preclude the event of interest from occurring in epidemiologic data and be analyzed by using extensions survival analysis methods. In this paper, authors outline 3 regression approaches for estimating 2 key quantities competing risks analysis: cause-specific relative hazard (csRH) subdistribution (sdRH). They compare contrast structure risk sets interpretation parameters obtained with these also demonstrate use methods Women's Interagency HIV Study established 1993,...
The optimal time for the initiation of antiretroviral therapy asymptomatic patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is uncertain.
To understand the high variability of asymptomatic interval between primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and development AIDS, we studied evolution C2-V5 region HIV-1 env gene T-cell subsets in nine men with a moderate or slow rate disease progression. They were monitored from time seroconversion for period 6 to 12 years until advanced seven men. Based on analysis viral divergence founder strain, population diversity within sequential points, outgrowth viruses...
Nonadherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is a major cause of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance; however the level nonadherence associated with greatest risk resistance unknown. Beginning in February 2000, 195 patients at Johns Hopkins Outpatient Center (Baltimore, MD) who were receiving HAART and had HIV loads <500 copies/mL recruited into cohort study observed for 1 year. At each visit, adherence was assessed plasma samples obtained stored testing, if...
In HIV-1-infected individuals on currently recommended antiretroviral therapy (ART), viremia is reduced to <50 copies of HIV-1 RNA per milliliter, but low-level residual appears persist over the lifetimes most infected individuals. There controversy whether results from ongoing cycles viral replication. To address this question, we conducted 2 prospective studies assess effect ART intensification with an additional potent drug in 9 successful ART. By using assay single-copy sensitivity,...
Background. Individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have increased risk of cardiovascular events. It is unknown whether T cell activation and senescence, 2 immunologic sequelae HIV infection, are associated vascular disease among HIV-infected adults. Methods. phenotyping carotid ultrasound were assessed 115 women 43 age- race/ethnicity-matched HIV-uninfected controls participating in the Women's Interagency Study. Multivariate analyses used to assess association...
Although HIV-infected veterans had a higher risk of myocardial infarction, end-stage renal disease, and non-AIDS-defining cancer, diagnosis with these conditions were occurring at similar ages compared HIV-uninfected veterans. Background. it has been shown that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults are greater for aging-associated events, remains unclear as to whether events happen similar, or younger ages, in uninfected adults. The objective this study was compare the median...
Abstract We introduce a new approach to competing risks using random forests. Our method is fully non-parametric and can be used for selecting event-specific variables estimating the cumulative incidence function. show that highly effective both prediction variable selection in high-dimensional problems settings such as HIV/AIDS involve many risks.
Weight gain following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is common, potentially predisposing some persons with HIV (PWH) to cardio-metabolic disease. We assessed relationships between ART drug class and weight change among treatment-naïve PWH initiating in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research Design (NA-ACCORD).Adult, NA-ACCORD integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI), protease (PI) or non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase (NNRTI)-based on/after 1 January 2007 were...
Abstract Residents of Qidong, People's Republic China, are at high risk for development hepatocellular carcinoma, in part due to consumption aflatoxin-contaminated foods, and exposed levels phenanthrene, a sentinel hydrocarbon air toxics. Cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, contain anticarcinogens. Glucoraphanin, the principal glucosinolate broccoli sprouts, can be hydrolyzed by gut microflora sulforaphane, potent inducer carcinogen detoxication enzymes. In randomized,...
Residents of Qidong, People's Republic China, are at high risk for development hepatocellular carcinoma, in part from consumption foods contaminated with aflatoxins. Chlorophyllin, a mixture semisynthetic, water-soluble derivatives chlorophyll that is used as food colorant and over-the-counter medicine, has been shown to be an effective inhibitor aflatoxin hepatocarcinogenesis animal models by blocking carcinogen bioavailability. In randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled...
Given the importance of driving in American society, older non-drivers may be unable to meet basic needs while living independently. We assessed whether not is an independent risk factor for entering long-term care (LTC) institutions.Data were used from 1593 adults who participated Salisbury Eye Evaluation cohort study and completed additional telephone survey. Questions on status LTC entry obtained by self/proxy report. Cox time-dependent regression procedures adjust demographic health...
Une etude exhaustive sur les problemes de classification basees des modeles regression appliques a donnees binaires correlees (y inclus le cas connees longitudinales) est presente. En particulier, on se concentre pouvant incorporer la fois variables explicatives l'interieur classes et entre que ces soient categorielles ou continues. emphase mise themes suivants: motivation associees aux specifications du modele, connexions parmi modeles, tests concernant parametres leurs interpretations,...
To assess the association of HIV infection, disease parameters (including CD4+ T-cell counts, viral load, and AIDS) antiretroviral medication use with subclinical carotid artery atherosclerosis.Cross-sectional study nested within a prospective cohort study.Among participants in Women's Interagency Study (1331 HIV-infected women, 534 HIV-uninfected women) Multicenter AIDS Cohort (600 men, 325 men), we measured lesions common intima-media thickness using B-mode ultrasound. We estimated...
We assessed the association of cigarette smoking with effectiveness highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) among low-income women.Data were analyzed from Women's Interagency HIV Study, a multisite longitudinal study up to 7.9 years for 924 women representing 72% all who initiated HAART between July 1, 1995, and September 30, 2003.When Cox's regression was used after control age, race, hepatitis C infection, illicit drug use, previous therapy, AIDS, smokers on had poorer viral responses...
Combination antiretroviral therapy suppresses but does not eradicate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in infected persons, and low-level viremia can be detected despite years of suppressive therapy. Short-course (28-day) intensification standard combination is a useful approach to determine whether complete rounds HIV-1 replication rapidly cycling cells contribute persistent viremia. We investigated with the integrase inhibitor raltegravir decreases plasma RNA levels patients receiving
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), in addition to traditional vascular risk factors, may affect coronary heart disease (CHD) individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.Among HIV-infected (931 men and 1455 women) HIV-uninfected (1099 576 adults, the predicted of CHD was estimated on basis age, sex, lipid blood pressure levels, presence diabetes, smoking status.Among men, 2% had moderate (10-year risk, 15%-25%), 17% high > or = 25% diabetes). Among women, 12%...