A5079954943- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Climate change and permafrost
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Forest Management and Policy
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Forest ecology and management
- Climate variability and models
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Plant Ecology and Soil Science
- European and International Law Studies
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Rural development and sustainability
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Geological Studies and Exploration
Natural History Museum
2025
University of Oslo
2015-2024
Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research
2015-2024
University of Bergen
2011-2017
American Museum of Natural History
2014
The global distribution of vegetation is largely determined by climatic conditions and feeds back into the climate system. To predict future changes in response to change, it crucial identify understand key patterns processes that couple climate. Dynamic models (DGVMs) have been widely applied describe types their dynamics change. As a process-based approach, partly relies on hard-coded thresholds constrain vegetation. What implement DGVMs how replace them with more descriptions remain among...
Arctic ecosystems are experiencing extreme climatic, biotic and physical disturbance events that can cause substantial loss of plant biomass productivity, sometimes at scales >1000 km 2 . Collectively known as browning events, these key contributors to the spatial temporal complexity greening vegetation dynamics. If we properly understand future terrestrial ecosystems, their feedbacks climate, understanding is essential. Here bring together in compare impacts rates recovery, likely...
Expanding high-elevation and high-latitude forest has contrasting climate feedbacks through carbon sequestration (cooling) reduced surface reflectance (warming), which are yet poorly quantified. Here, we present an empirically based projection of mountain birch expansion in south-central Norway under change absence land use. Climate effects albedo compared using four emission metrics. Forest was modeled for a projected 2.6 °C increase summer temperature 2100, with associated snow cover. We...
Maximum entropy (MaxEnt) modelling, as implemented in the Maxent software, has rapidly become one of most popular methods for distribution modelling. Originally, MaxEnt was described a machine‐learning method. More recently, it been explained from principles Bayesian estimation. offers numerous options (variants method) and settings (tuning parameters) to users. A widespread practice accepting software's default established, likely because ecologists’ lack familiarity with statistical...
Abstract Background Although a standard taxonomy of organisms has existed for nearly 300 years, no consensus yet been reached on principles systematization ecological diversity (i.e., the co‐ordinated variation abiotic and biotic components natural diversity). In rapidly changing world, where nature is under constant pressure, standardized terms methods characterization are urgently needed (e.g., to enhance precision credibility global change assessments). Aim The aim present EcoSyst...
Georeferenced species data have a wide range of applications and are increasingly used for e.g. distribution modelling climate change studies. As an integrated part on-going survey programme vegetation mapping, plant been recorded. The described in this paper contains 18.521 registrations plants from 1190 different circular plots throughout Norway. All localities georeferenced, the spatial uncertainty is provided, additional ecological information reported. published has gathered 1991 until...
The Norwegian area frame survey of land cover and outfield resources (AR18X18), completed in 2014, provided unbiased statistics Norway. article reports the new statistics, discusses implications data set, provides potential value terms research, management, monitoring. A gridded sampling design for 1081 primary statistical units 0.9 km2 at 18 km intervals was implemented survey. plots were mapped situ, aided by aerial photos, all areas coded following a vegetation type system. results...
The long history of human land use have had a strong influence on ecosystems and landscapes in the boreal forest region Northern Europe created semi-natural habitats high conservation value. In this study, we quantify land-cover change loss grassland an agricultural landscape (6.2 km2) Norway from 1960 to 2015, document 49.1% area that was 1960. remaining grasslands became smaller connectivity between them decreased. Intensification abandonment were approximately equal importance for...
The forest limits of south-east Norway have expanded to higher altitudes. Two main processes are believed cause these changes: regrowth after abandonment human utilisation and recent climate changes. article aims at separating the effects two on upper expansion. Four datasets representing 161.5 km2 been used: data, downscaled change scenario height growth, four vegetation maps. maps represent years 1959 2001, potential natural (PNV), a (CCS). climatic edaphic limit (UPCEFL) was used define...
Climate change is causing upward shift of forest lines worldwide, with consequences for soil biota and carbon (C) sequestration. We here analyse compositional changes in the across line ecotone, an important transition zone between different ecosystems. collected samples along transects stretching from subalpine mountain birch forests to alpine heath. Soil fungi micro-eukaryotes were surveyed using DNA metabarcoding ITS2 18S markers, while ergosterol was used quantify fungal biomass....
Field interpreters commit errors that are expected to propagate modeled land-cover maps use field-based as basis for selecting target data. We (1) estimated the error from field interpretation of types, (2) explored if these maps, and (3) compared methods with respect their ability reduce propagation. The study area (0.5 km2) in western Norway was mapped by 12 interpreters. were aggregated three thematic resolutions used train 15 876 random forest classifiers varying inputs hyperparameters....
Abstract During recent decades, forests have expanded into new areas throughout the whole of Norway. The processes explained as causing forest expansion focused mainly on climate or land use changes. To enable a spatially explicit separation effects following these two main drivers behind expansion, authors set out to model potential for natural regeneration abandonment, given present climatic conditions. distribution, number high-resolution cover maps, and GIS methods were used...
Abstract Questions Land‐cover maps are used for nature management, but can they be trusted? This study addresses three questions: (1) what is the magnitude of between field worker inconsistencies in land‐cover and may cause such inconsistencies; (2) which ways to extent do spatial scale mapping system influence maps; (3) some biomes mapped more consistently than others, if so, why? Location Gravfjellet, Øystre Slidre municipality, southern Norway. Methods Two different systems, designed at...
Abstract. The interannual variability of snow cover in alpine areas is increasing, which may affect the tightly coupled cycles carbon and water through snow–vegetation–atmosphere interactions across a range spatio-temporal scales. To explore role for land–atmosphere exchange CO2 vapor tundra ecosystems, we combined 3 years (2019–2021) continuous eddy covariance flux measurements net ecosystem (NEE) evapotranspiration (ET) from Finse site Norway (1210 m a.s.l.) with ground-based...
The purpose of the study was to explore and compare three different methods for modelling potential natural vegetation (PNV), a hypothetic state that shows nature's biotic in absence human influence disturbance. mapped south-central Norwegian mountain region, 34.2 km2 area around village Beitostølen, 2009. actual map (AVM) formed basis development PNV using methods: (1) an expert-based manual (EMM), (2) rule-based envelope GIS-modelling (RBM), (3) statistical predictive method (Maxent)....
Abstract The alpine treeline ecotone is expected to move upwards in elevation with global warming. Thus, mapping ecotones crucial monitoring potential changes. Previous remote sensing studies have focused on the usage of satellites and aircrafts for ecotone. However, can be highly heterogenous, thus use imagery higher spatial resolution should investigated. We evaluate using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) collection ultra‐high land covers. acquired field reference data from 32 sites along a...
Abstract Aim Many countries lack informative, high‐resolution, wall‐to‐wall vegetation or land cover maps. Such maps are useful for use and nature management, input to regional climate hydrological models. Land based on remote sensing data typically the required ecological information, whereas traditional field‐based mapping is too expensive be carried out over large areas. In this study, we therefore explore extent which distribution modelling ( DM ) methods predicting current of types VT a...
Long-term and varied land use has had a major influence on the vegetation in rural Norway, traditional open landscapes are now being replaced by forests. In present investigation, we assess quantify structural changes caused climate. Up-to-date actual maps from three study areas were compared with interpreted historical potential natural (PNV) models. Our findings indicate that structure is strongly influenced use. studied sites, 56–66% of presently have another type than expected state...
Information about the distribution of a study object (e.g., species or habitat) is essential in face increasing pressure from land sea use, and climate change. Distribution models are instrumental for acquiring such information, but also encumbered by uncertainties caused different sources error, bias inaccuracy that need to be dealt with. In this paper we identify most common link them phases modeling process. Our aim outline implications these reliability summarize precautions needed...
There is an increasing need for ecosystem‐level distribution models (EDMs) and a better understanding of which factors affect their quality. We investigated how the performance transferability EDMs are influenced by 1) choice predictors 2) model complexity. modelled 15 pre‐classified ecosystem types in Norway using 252 gridded to 100 × m resolution. The major ‘Nature Norway' system mainly defined rule‐based criteria such as whether soil or specific functional groups (e.g. trees) present....