Helminthosporium leaf blight (HLB), a complex of spot blotch caused by Cochliobolus sativus and tan Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is major wheat disease in South Asia. This 2-year study elucidated HLB development its impact on yield. Symptoms C. P. tritici-repentis were first observed at the seedling tillering stages, respectively. The number airborne conidia leaves infected two pathogens remained low for several weeks under lower temperatures, followed sharp rise as temperatures increased....

Introduction: Prosthetic silicone liners improve comfort and skin protection allow the use of total surface bearing (TSB) sockets, which provide enhanced proprioception comfort. Unfortunately, are cost-prohibitive in resource-limited environments (RLEs) where patellar tendon (PTB) sockets with PE-lite remain standard, leading to patient discomfort issues. Objective: This study evaluates benefits durability an affordable liner locally manufactured RLE promote TSB socket adoption, aiming...

Pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality among children under-five years age globally. The WHO (2014) has reported that indoor air pollution caused by cooking and heating with biomass fuel, living in crowed homes parenting smoking are risk factors pneumonia.The objective the study was to identify for pneumonia under-5 age.A case control carried out mothers having who were admitted paediatric ward Dhulikhel Hospital 2012/13. A convenience sampling technique used select 50 150 non-pneumonia...

Introduction: Assessing in-vehicle air pollution and load factor is crucial in developing countries like Nepal within the environmental social aspects of sustainable urban mobility. Materials methods: In this study quality public vehicles Kathmandu valley was monitored for three road sections based on vehicle density i.e. Ring Road Section (RRS), Urban Commercial Route 1 (UCR1), 2 (UCR2) using Air Visual Pro N1 Model which validationand done with reference Particulate Matter (PM) values...

A study was carried out to address distribution of some heavy metals in deep groundwater resources the Kathmandu Valley. Groundwater samples were analyzed for pH, ORP, EC, iron, manganese, zinc, and arsenic 41 wells during pre monsoon post seasons two consecutive years. The showed elevated concentrations iron manganese valley. occurrence also exhibited observed up 0.160 mg/L. spatial patterns demonstrated levels central district (CGWD) monitored parameters except ORP are not significantly...

The crop yield of lentil is below attainable levels which are mainly attributed to pathological factors especially wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis and Stemphylium blight botryosum .Fusarium a potential threat letil production not only in Nepal but worldwide that can cause complete failure. While stemphylium recently being serious problem Bangladesh, India. In Nepal, multiple disease resistance work was reported before the present study. Two trials separately using 185...

The landraces of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) possess wide diversity, which needs to be properly characterized for their use in genetic improvement. Replicated field studies were conducted 1998, 1999 and 2000 at two sites Nepal determine diversity 183 adapted the lowlands hills Nepal. Fourteen improved genotypes also used comparison. Thirteen agronomic traits investigated. Shannon–Weaver index H ) Simpson's D estimated level richness among landraces. differed significantly all traits. Except...

The study was conducted to assess the impact of natural seed-borne inoculum levels Bipolaris sorokiniana on seedling emergence and growth, blight early establishment foliar in field. Three (11, 19 29%) one cultivar (Sonalika) four (5, 35, 65 95%) two wheat cultivars (Sonalika BL 1473) were evaluated 2002 2003 field experiments, respectively. Seedling vigour greenhouse 2003. Seed-borne higher than 35% reduced substantially, also increased indicating that B. played a crucial role health...

Land Use and Cover Change (LULCC) is a major driver of environmental problems like water pollution, decreased soil quality, natural resource scarcity.Measuring LULCC necessary to better understand the present condition watersheds.Time series mapping using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), high-resolution imagery, field data collection are effective methods for examining trends.The Mahadev Khola watershed in Bhaktapur, Nepal, acts as primary source drinking people living within Bhaktapur...

A study was conducted in forty-one deep groundwater and twenty shallow wells of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal to assess arsenic contamination (shallow groundwater) spatial seasonal variation groundwater. The depths the were ranged from 9 304 m. Groundwater samples collected during pre monsoon post 2012. Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) used measure concentration arsenic. In monsoon, 36.59 % 31.70 wells, respectively exceeded permissible values World Health Organization guideline value 0.01...

A survey was conducted during June-July 2006 in Chitwan to find out the natural infestation of rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola Golden & Brichfield) nurseries. Thirty nurseries were surveyed and 100 seedlings from each nursery evaluated. Field revealed that M. widely distributed most growing areas District. Rice disease more prevalent dry bed condition than wet bed. Most farmers grew upland (dry) soil there second stage juvenile (J2) population both seedling root. The...

This study was carried out to assess arsenic in deep groundwater resources the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal and predict mobilization process relation iron, manganese, pH ORP.Forty-one samples were collected during pre monsoon post 2013.The depths of wells ranged from 84 304 m.In monsoon, concentration 17% 26% examined wells, respectively exceeded permissible World Health Organization (WHO) guideline value 0.010 mg/L for drinking water.The concentrations range between < 0.003 0.137 mg/L.The...

The number of slaughterhouse facilities and retail meat shops has been on the rise, leading to an increase in amount wastewater they produce. Wastewater is hazardous environment as it causes deoxygenation water bodies, pollutes groundwater, spreads several diseases if released untreated. study was conducted slaughter slabs Kirtipur Municipality evaluate physicochemical characteristics microbial status wastewater. Fifteen samples were collected analyzed per APHA-AWWA-WEF for total coliform...

Taudaha Lake is an important lake in central Nepal because of its cultural, aesthetic, ecological and economic values. The assessments water quality hydrochemical characteristics were carried out by collecting samples from 20 different sites the August 2021. Analysis temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, oxygen, hardness, major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Fe3+ NH4+) anions (HCO3-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42- PO43-) to assess overall hydrochemistry lake. obtained...

A field survey was carried out to discover the population of M. graminicola in diseased and healthy looking rice plants its impact on yield attributing characters during 2000 Chitwan, Nepal. Root soil samples were collected from ten upland fields. Modified Baermann Tray Method used extract juveniles (J2) root samples. The revealed that had highest Meloidogyne J2 population. However, nematode knot intensities did not differ significantly between diseases plants. Diseased lower number total...

A study on incidence of mycoflora was carried out by blotter method in wheat seeds. Forty seed sample (Triticum aestivum) collected, ten varieties/genotypes each from Chitwan; Kaski; Banke and Lalitpur. The done at Seed Quality Control Center, Hariharbhawan, Lalitpur, Nepal, during August to December, 2013, with the objective determining fungi associated seeds in-vitro. total eighteen species within thirteen genera were detected. Alternaria alternata Bipolaris sorokiniana predominant all...