A5015754319- Climate change and permafrost
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Landslides and related hazards
- Climate variability and models
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
- Jungian Analytical Psychology
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Child Therapy and Development
- Seedling growth and survival studies
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Themes in Literature Analysis
Queen's University
2018-2025
University of Ottawa
2015-2024
Queens University
2021
Conference Board
2021
Woodwell Climate Research Center
2021
Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
2021
Carleton University
2021
University of Alaska Fairbanks
2021
Northern Arizona University
2021
Memorial University of Newfoundland
2014-2019
Permafrost is a key element of the cryosphere and an essential climate variable in Global Climate Observing System. There no remote-sensing method available to reliably monitor permafrost thermal state. To estimate distribution at hemispheric scale, we employ equilibrium state model for temperature top (TTOP model) 2000–2016 period, driven by remotely-sensed land surface temperatures, down-scaled ERA-Interim reanalysis data, tundra wetness classes landcover map from ESA Landcover Change...
Abstract Retrogressive thaw slumps (RTS) – landslides caused by the melt of ground ice in permafrost have become more common Arctic, but timing this recent increase and its links to climate not been fully established. Here we annually resolve RTS formation longevity for Banks Island, Canada (70,000 km 2 ) using Google Earth Engine Timelapse dataset. We describe a 60-fold numbers between 1984 2015 as than 4000 were initiated, primarily following four particularly warm summers. Colour change...
Snow is an important driver of ecosystem processes in cold biomes. accumulation determines ground temperature, light conditions, and moisture availability during winter. It also affects the growing season’s start end, plant access to nutrients. Here, we review current knowledge snow cover’s role for vegetation, plant-animal interactions, permafrost microbial processes, biogeochemical cycling. We compare studies natural gradients with experimental manipulation assess time scale difference...
Abstract Field data from 83 environmental monitoring stations across Labrador, 17 with permafrost, were used to analyze the interrelationships of key variables considered in temperature at top permafrost model. Snow depth, not mean annual air temperature, was strongest climatic determinant temperatures ground surface and base freeze–thaw layer, its variability most closely related land cover class. A critical late‐winter snow depth 70 cm or more inferred be sufficient prevent formation...
Abstract Increased upright vegetation growth (i.e. trees and shrubs) in northern environments can profoundly impact ground surface thermal conditions through winter warming (e.g. enhanced snow trapping) summer cooling increased shading). The debate over these opposite effects emphasizes the need to better constrain net temperature impacts of on soils environments. We generate a series simulations with widely-used permafrost model partition absolute temperatures for variety shading scenarios,...
Abstract. Northern peatlands cover approximately four million km2, and about half of these are estimated to contain permafrost periglacial landforms, like palsas peat plateaus. In northeastern Canada, peatland is predicted be concentrated in the western interior Labrador but assumed largely absent along Sea coastline. However, paucity observations interior, coupled with traditional ongoing use perennially frozen coast by Inuit Innu, suggests a need for re-evaluation reliability existing...
Abstract Peatland permafrost ecosystems include culturally and ecologically important habitats for plants wildlife. Widespread degradation of palsas peat plateaus suggests vulnerability these landforms to climate warming, but ecosystem changes, including landscape greening due shrub expansion related changes in snow distribution, are also expected impact persistence. In this study, a process‐based one‐dimensional transient model is used simulate an ensemble future ground temperature...
Abstract. Bodies of peatland permafrost were examined at five sites along a 300 km transect spanning the isolated patches zone in coastal barrens southeastern Labrador. Mean annual air temperatures ranged from +1 ∘C south (latitude 51.4∘ N) to −1.1 north (53.7∘ while mean ground top varied respectively −0.7 −2.3 with shallow active layers (40–60 cm) throughout. Small surface offsets due wind scouring snow crests palsas and peat plateaux, large thermal thick are critical permafrost, which is...
Abstract The eastern Canadian Subarctic and Arctic are experiencing significant environmental change with widespread implications for the people, plants, animals living there. In this study, we integrate 10 years of research at Nakvak Brook watershed in Torngat Mountains National Park Canada, northern Labrador, to assess sensitivity ecological geomorphological systems regional climate warming. A time series Normalized Difference Vegetation Index indicates that area has undergone a greening...
Detailed climatological grids are needed for many applications, including permafrost prediction, ecological modelling and infrastructure planning. This study describes the creation of moderate-resolution gridded climate datasets covering entire Labrador-Ungava region (50°–63°N) a series indices, monthly air temperature, annual freezing degree-days (FDDs) thawing degree-days. Using recently developed spatiotemporal infilling technique, temporally consistent spanning 1948–2014 period were...
Permafrost zonation in Labrador–Ungava ranges from very isolated patches through to continuous permafrost. Here we present a new estimate of the distribution permafrost at high resolution (250 m × 250 m) using spatial numerical modelling supported by station data 29 air and ground climate monitoring stations. presence was estimated modified version temperature top (TTOP) model. Mean surface temperatures were modelled gridded novel n-factor parameterization scheme that compensates for...
The traditional subsistence activities of Indigenous communities in Canada's subarctic are being affected by the impacts climate change, compounding effects social, economic and political changes. Most research has focused on hunting fishing activities, overlooking berry picking as an important socio-cultural activity contributor to diversity food systems. We examined vulnerability cloudberry (referred 'bakeapple' consistent with local terminology) environmental changes community Cartwright,...
Abstract This study presents the first complete glacier inventory of Torngat Mountains, northern Labrador, Canada. In total, 195 glaciers and ice masses are identified, covering a total area 24.5 ± 1.8 km 2 . Mapped range in size from 0.01 to 1.26 , with median 0.08 Ice have elevation 776 m a.s.l. span an altitudinal 290–1500 Indications flow suggest at least 105 active Mountains. Analysis morphometric topographic parameters suggests that regional distribution is linked physiographic setting...
Abstract Peatland permafrost landforms, such as palsas and peat plateaus, often represent the most southern lowland occurrences in Northern Hemisphere. While peatland is found continental conditions, over a thousand peatlands were recently identified along previously understudied coastline of Labrador Sea northeastern Canada. The vulnerability these landscapes to thaw unknown but expected have hydrological ecological impacts on important caribou habitat, abundance culturally relevant...
Northern protected areas guard against habitat and species loss but are themselves highly vulnerable to environmental change due their fixed spatial boundaries. In the low Arctic, Torngat Mountains National Park (TMNP) of Canada, widespread greening has recently occurred alongside warming temperatures regional declines in caribou. Little is known, however, about how biophysical controls mediate plant responses climate warming, available observational data limited temporal scope. this study,...
ABSTRACT The Berkeley Earth surface temperature ( BETP ) project provides gridded global anomaly products using an automated geostatistical approach to adjust station data for systematic biases. Despite its widespread usage, the set has not been evaluated at national‐scale, especially in data‐sparse high latitude environments. This study evaluation of product across all Canada 333 climate stations made available from homogenized Environment network (HTcan). Comparison between co‐located...
Permafrost landscapes are becoming increasingly susceptible to widespread thaw due climate change. Collating historical and ongoing data critical for assessing permafrost conditions spatiotemporal changes. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a geophysical technique that has become standard practice characterizing permafrost. However, data—particularly raw measurements—often go unpublished unshared, resulting in missed opportunities knowledge exchange collaboration. To fill this gap,...
ABSTRACT Palsas and peat plateaus in subarctic peatlands are some of the southernmost lowland permafrost landforms Northern Hemisphere. Peatland along Labrador Sea coastline northeastern Canada is substantially understudied despite importance these for wildlife, carbon stores, Indigenous land users. In this study, we derived geomorphological resiliency indices peatland at 20 wetland complexes, spanning a latitudinal gradient from Blanc‐Sablon, QC (51.4° N), to Nain, NL (56.5° N)....
Satellite remote sensing is a popular approach for identifying vegetation change in northern environments; however, disentangling ecological processes causing variability spectral indices remains challenge. Here, we aim to determine how shrub characteristics differ between low and rapidly greening areas near Nain, Nunatsiavut, Canada. Using cross-scale approach, combined remotely sensed trends (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Landsat Collection 1, 1985–2018) with dynamics derived...
Abstract. The Torngat Mountains National Park, northern Labrador, Canada, contains more than 120 small glaciers: the only remaining glaciers in continental northeast North America. These cirque exist a unique topo-climatic setting, experiencing temperate maritime summer conditions yet very cold and dry winters, may provide insights into deglaciation dynamics of similar mountain settings. Due to their size remote location, little information exists regarding health these glaciers. Just single...
The relationship between Indigenous peoples and the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems has received increased attention in recent years. As a result, it is becoming more critical for researchers focusing on to work with groups gain better understanding how past current stewardship these lands may influence results. case study explore ideas, we systematically reviewed articles from 2008 2018 where research was conducted North America, South Oceania. Of 159 included, 11 included...
The Torngat Mountains of northern Labrador are an Arctic cordilleran mountain range located at the southern limit Canadian Arctic. Sparse observations periglacial landforms including rock glaciers and ice-cored moraines imply that permafrost may be widespread, but limited in situ information is available for region. In this study, we provide first comprehensive feature inventory intact northeast Canada. Prospective features were identified by a team eight independent mappers using...