A5013078062- Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Agricultural risk and resilience
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Agriculture and Rural Development Research
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Analysis
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
Kenyatta University
2019-2023
International Livestock Research Institute
2020-2022
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
2016
Egerton University
2009-2013
Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries
2008-2012
Kenya Wildlife Service
2011
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2010
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
2010
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2010
Ministry of Health
2010
SUMMARY Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an arbovirus associated with periodic outbreaks, mostly on the African continent, of febrile disease accompanied by abortion in livestock, and a severe, fatal haemorrhagic syndrome humans. However, maintenance during inter-epidemic period (IEP) when there low or no activity detected livestock humans has not been determined. This study report prevalence RVFV-neutralizing antibodies sera ( n =896) collected from 16 Kenyan wildlife species including at...
ABSTRACT Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus historically has caused widespread and extensive outbreaks of severe human livestock disease throughout Africa, Madagascar, the Arabian Peninsula. Following unusually heavy rainfall during late autumn 2006, reports animal illness consistent with RVF infection emerged across semiarid regions Garissa District northeastern Kenya southern Somalia. initial laboratory confirmation, a high-throughput diagnostic facility was established at Kenyan Central...
We analyzed the extent of livestock involvement in latest Rift Valley fever (RVF) outbreak Kenya that started December 2006 and continued until June 2007. When compared with previous RVF outbreaks country, 2006-07 was most extensive cattle, sheep, goats, camels affecting thousands animals 29 69 administrative districts across six eight provinces. This contrasted distribution approximately 700 human cases where over 85% these were located four districts; Garissa Ijara Northeastern Province,...
Climate variability in recent decades has intensified the SSA region, which makes it imperative to explore adequate adaptation and mitigation strategies offset its current future adverse impacts. Farmers' perception of climate can significantly influence their coping, mitigation, potential. This study assessed farmers' perceptions indicators consequences explored factors influencing adoption coping strategies. A cross-sectional survey design was used sample 300 farmers Central Highlands...
SUMMARY Since Kenya first reported Rift Valley fever (RVF)-like disease in livestock 1912, the country has most frequent epizootics of RVF disease. To determine pattern spread across after its introduction and to identify regions vulnerable periodic epizootics, annual records at Department Veterinary Services from 1910 2007 were analysed order document number location RVF-infected herds. A total 38/69 (55%) administrative districts had by end 2007. During 1912–1950 period, was confined a...
Most sub-Saharan Africa smallholder farming systems are highly heterogeneous. Direct quantification of greenhouse gas emissions from these is hampered by diversity at farm-level. Each farm contributes differently to (GHG) and consequently GHG inventories. Typologies can be used as a mechanism addressing systems' heterogeneity grouping them into specific types. With the simplification initiatives in mind, we developed typologies based on soil fertility inputs. We assessed nitrogen application...
Climate change has stimulated detrimental threats to the global agricultural ecosystems. The study investigated i) climate perceptions, drivers, effects, and barriers, ii) determinants of adaptation among smallholder farmers in Western Kenya. interviewed 300 households using a semi-structured face-to-face interview schedule. employed two indices, i.e., weighted average problem confrontation, regression models, Binary logistic Poisson regression. findings indicated that were aware change, its...
Abstract In sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), few studies have quantified greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions following application of soil amendments, for development accurate national GHG inventories. Therefore, this study using static chambers two maize cropping seasons (one full year) four different amendments in the central highlands Kenya. The treatments were (i) animal manure, (ii) inorganic fertilizer, (iii) combined manure and (iv) a no‐N control (no amendment) laid out randomized complete block...
Farmer adoption of soil technologies has been commonly explored in the literature using binary models, which significantly simplifies multi-dimensional nature technology adoption. Therefore, it is necessary to fill this gap improve models enhance small-scale farmers' fertility management practices. We investigated patterns multiple multivariate analysis and regression modeling Central Kenya. used a cross-sectional survey design sample 300 farmers Tharaka-Nithi County employed multi-stage...
The main challenges facing smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are soil fertility decline and climate change, culminating increased food insecurity. double effect of change could be devastating among the poor rural farmers, who solely depend on rain-fed agriculture with little investment adaptive mechanisms. Using inorganic fertilizers careful selection climate-resilient crops such as sorghum improve livelihoods through improved health crop yields. However, information effects...
Abstract Objective —To evaluate the prevalence of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) antibodies in livestock and presence competent mosquito vectors RVFV during an interepizootic period (IEP) Kenya. Animals —208 sheep 84 goats ranging age from 4 months to 15 years, 2 breeding herds. Procedures —Blood specimens were collected 1999–2006 IEP Province, serum was harvested. Serum tested for IgG IgM against by use ELISA. In addition, 7,134 mosquitoes trapped Naivasha, Nairobi, Northeastern speciation...
The up-surging population in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has led to the conversion of more land for agricultural purposes. Resilient utilization types that input carbon soil are key enhancing climate change mitigation. However, there limited data on different types’ contribution mitigation through soils. study aims quantify stock across (LUT) practiced Western Kenya. following were studied: agroforestry M (agroforestry with Markhamia lutea), sole sorghum, L Leucaena leucocephalaI), maize, and...
Farmers in Africa have not been fully convinced to invest fertilizer due uncertainty on returns investment. This is despite the fact that, more than two-thirds of people Sub-Saharan rely agriculture for employment with many living small farms earning less $1 per day. Usage has remained low and stagnant hence yields persistently lower other parts world. To address plight smallholder farmers' inability optimize productivity use, a collaborative research project Optimization Fertilizer...
Dynamic biogeochemical models are crucial tools for simulating the complex interaction between soils, climate and plants; thus need improving understanding of nutrient cycling reduction greenhouse gases (GHG) from environment. This study aimed to calibrate validate DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) model soil moisture, temperature, respiration, nitrous oxide maize crop growth simulation in drier sub-humid parts central highlands Kenya. We measured GHG fluxes a field under four different...
We quantified the soil carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes of five fertility management practices (inorganic fertilizer (Mf), maize residue + inorganic (RMf), goat manure (RMfM), tithonia diversifolia (RTiM), a control (CtC)) in Kenya’s central highlands using static chamber method from March 2019 to 2020. The cumulative annual CH4 uptake ranged −1.07 −0.64 kg CH4-C ha−1 yr−1, CO2 emissions 4.59 9.01 Mg CO2-C N2O 104 279 g N2O-N yr−1. RTiM produced highest...
Surveillance for influenza viruses within live bird markets (LBMs) has been recognized as an effective tool detecting circulating avian (AIVs). In Sub-Saharan Africa, limited data exist on AIVs in animal hosts, and Kenya the presence of virus hosts not described.This surveillance project aimed to detect A poultry traded five LBMs Kenya.We visited each market monthly collected oropharyngeal cloacal specimens from environmental virological testing by real time RT-PCR. On visit, we information...
Low adoption of soil fertility technologies, partially attributed to low technology out-scaling initiatives, is a critical hindrance agricultural productivity enhancement most smallholder farms in sub-Saharan Africa. Application geospatial tools for spatial suitability evaluation management technologies can be breakthrough their promotion and existing novel technological initiatives. The study objective was develop data-driven multi-influencing-factor (MIF) approach organic-resource based...