Datasets resulting from metabolomics or metabolic profiling experiments are becoming increasingly complex. Such datasets may contain underlying factors, such as time (time-resolved longitudinal measurements), doses combinations thereof. Currently used biostatistics methods do not take the structure of complex into account. However, incorporating this data analysis is important for understanding biological information in these datasets.We describe ASCA, a new method that can deal with...

*DNA methylation can cause heritable phenotypic modifications in the absence of changes DNA sequence. Environmental stresses trigger and this may have evolutionary consequences, even sequence variation. However, it remains largely unknown to what extent environmentally induced are transmitted offspring, whether observed variation is truly independent or a downstream consequence genetic between individuals. *Genetically identical apomictic dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) plants were exposed...

Insect herbivores by necessity have to deal with a large arsenal of plant defence metabolites. The levels compounds may be increased insect damage. These induced responses also affect the metabolism and performance successive herbivores. As chemical nature is largely unknown, global metabolomic analyses are valuable tool gain more insight into metabolites possibly involved in such interactions. This study analyzed interaction between feral cabbage (Brassica oleracea) small white caterpillars...

Abstract Arthropod herbivory induces plant volatiles that can be used by natural enemies of the herbivores to find their prey. This has been studied mainly for arthropods prey upon or parasitise herbivorous but rarely insectivorous birds, one main groups predators insects such as lepidopteran larvae. Here, we show great tits ( Parus major ) discriminate between caterpillar‐infested and uninfested trees. Birds were attracted infested trees, even when they could not see larvae feeding damage....

Abstract The abundance of plastic products in modern society has resulted a proliferation small particles called “microplastics” the global environment. Currently, spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier‐transform infrared and spontaneous (i.e., conventional) Raman spectroscopy are widely employed for identification microparticles, but these rather time consuming. Stimulated scattering (SRS) microscopy, based on coherent interaction 2 different laser beams with vibrational levels molecules...

It is often assumed that exotic plants can become invasive when they possess novel secondary chemistry compared with native in the introduced range. Using untargeted metabolomic fingerprinting, we a broad range of metabolites six successful plant species and their congeners family Asteraceae. Our results showed highly species-specific diverse among both species. Nonetheless, had on average higher total number more species-unique congeners. Herbivory led to an overall increase all Generalist...

Summary 1. Herbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) play an important role in host location of parasitoid wasps and may benefit the by top–down control its herbivorous attackers. Although many studies have shown that accessions plants differ attractiveness to under controlled laboratory studies, few confirmed most attractive also sustain highest parasitism rates field. Here, we tested whether in‐flight preference parasitoids for HIPVs from cultivars Brassica oleracea reliably predicts...

Plants attacked by herbivorous insects emit volatile organic compounds that are used natural enemies to locate their host or prey. The composition of the blend is often complex and specific. It may vary qualitatively quantitatively according plant herbivore species, thus providing specific information for carnivorous arthropods. Most studies have focused on simple interactions involve one species per trophic level, typically investigated aboveground parts plants. These investigations need be...

Plants respond to herbivore attack by rapidly inducing defenses that are mainly regulated jasmonic acid (JA). Due the systemic nature of induced defenses, root herbivores can also result in a shoot response and vice versa, causing interactions between above- belowground herbivores. However, little is known about molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions. We investigated whether plants differently when roots or shoots induced. mimicked applying JA Brassica oleracea analyzed chemical...

Autoantibodies against citrullinated peptides/proteins (ACPA) are found in approximately 75% of the sera patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The RA-specific ACPA frequently present prior to disease onset and their presence associates a more erosive course. can therefore be used aid diagnosis prognosis RA. Recently, it became clear that very heterogeneous, both an individual patient among different patients. aim this study was investigate whether clinically meaningful profiles exist...

The objective of Industry 5.0 is to (re)centre the human operator amidst digital process automation. This requires new data processing technologies that extract expertise and integrate it with advanced modelling techniques enhance human-computer collaboration. In this work, we present an integrated systematic approach combines contemporary technology knowledge gained from engineers. Specifically, develop, investigate, compare data- expert-driven approaches for selecting variables a real-time...

A crucial issue in the plastic recycling industry is loss of quality recycled materials due to cross-contamination, which leads excessive material losses. Determining cross-contamination levels recyclate batches fills a gap control, helping identify suitable applications and enhance value stream. key challenge lies selecting sample size that accurately represents large variability within tons processed daily. This work presents data analysis framework estimate determine required meet...

Abstract Motivation: Metabolomics datasets are generally large and complex. Using principal component analysis (PCA), a simplified view of the variation in data is obtained. The PCA model can be interpreted processes underlying analysed. In metabolomics, often priori information present about data. Various forms this used an unsupervised with weighted (WPCA). A WPCA will give on that different from obtained using PCA, it add to interpretation metabolomics dataset. Results: method presented...

Plants under attack by aboveground herbivores emit complex blends of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Specific in these are used parasitic wasps to find their hosts. Belowground induction causes shifts the composition induced VOC blends, which affect preference wasps. To identify many volatiles may explain parasitoid poses a challenge ecologists. Here, we present case study use novel bioinformatics approach biologically relevant differences between feral cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.). The...

Abstract Novel post‐genomics experiments such as metabolomics provide datasets that are highly multivariate and often reflect an underlying experimental design, developed with a specific question in mind. ANOVA‐simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) can be used for the of data obtained from design instead widely principal (PCA). This increases interpretability model terms question. Aside levels individual factors, variation described by may also depend on multiple (crossed) factors...

Not only the levels of individual metabolites, but also relations between different metabolites may indicate (experimentally induced) changes in a biological system. Component analysis methods current 'standard' use for metabolomics, such as Principal Analysis (PCA), do not focus on these relations. We therefore propose concept 'Between Metabolite Relationships' (BMRs): common covariance (or correlation) all an organism. Such structural metabolic change brought about by experimental...

ABSTRACT Analysis of variance and linear models is undoubtedly one the most useful statistical contributions to experimental observational science. With ability characterize a system through multivariate responses, these methods have emerged be general tools regardless response dimensionality. Contemporary for establishing inference, such as ANOVA simultaneous component analysis (ASCA), are based on Monte Carlo sampling; however, flat uniform resampling scheme may violate structure...