The prorenin receptor (PRR), a recently discovered component of the renin-angiotensin system, is expressed in nephron general and collecting duct particular. However, physiological significance PRR remains unclear, partly due to developmental abnormalities associated with global or renal-specific gene knockout (KO). Therefore, we developed mice inducible nephron-wide deletion using Pax8-reverse tetracycline transactivator LC-1 transgenes loxP flanked alleles such that ablation occurs...

Abstract Context Stress, anxiety, and depression affect medical student populations at rates disproportionate to those of general populations. Emotional intelligence (EI) has been suggested as a protective factor in association with psychological distress. Objective To explore the relationships between EI stress, among sample US osteopathic students. Methods From February March 2020, convenience students enrolled an school southeastern region United States were invited complete voluntary...

Recent studies reported increased (Pro)renin receptor (PRR) expression during low-salt intake. We hypothesized that PRR plays a role in regulation of renal epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) through serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase isoform 1 (SGK-1)-neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated 4-2 (Nedd4-2) signaling pathway.Male Sprague-Dawley rats on normal-sodium diet mouse inner medullary collecting duct cells treated with NaCl at 130 mmol/l (normal salt), or 63...

Background: Veterinary students are faced with immense pressures and rigors during school. These have contributed to elevated levels of stress, anxiety, depression (SAD) among veterinary relative the general population. One proposed concept help combat SAD is that emotional intelligence (EI). We explored relationship between EI at a college in Southeast United States. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was implemented convenience sample 182 medical students. The survey instrument...

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAMl), a substrate of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, regulates action by promoting clearance. Global null mutation Ceacam1 gene ( Cc1 −/− ) results in features metabolic syndrome, including resistance, hyperinsulinemia, visceral adiposity, elevated blood pressure, and albuminuria. It also causes activation renal renin-angiotensin system (RAS). In current study, we tested hypothesis that high-fat diet enhances expression RAS...

Recent studies have demonstrated that the renal (pro)renin receptor (PRR) regulates expression of alpha subunit epithelial sodium channel (α-ENaC). In this study we hypothesized PRR mediates high fat diet (HFD)-induced retention and elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) by enhancing our used a recently developed inducible nephron specific knockout mouse. Mice (n = 6 each group) were allocated to receive regular (RD, 12 kcal% fat) or high-fat (HFD, 45 for 10 weeks. Body weight (BW), SBP,...

The localization and regulation of (pro)renin receptor (PRR) expression in kidney collecting duct cells are not well established. We hypothesized that low salt (LS) contributes to the PRR these via GSK-3β-NFAT5-sirtuin1 (SIRT-1) signaling pathway. Mouse inner medullary (mIMCD) were treated with NaCl at 130 (normal salt; NS), 63 (LS), or 209 mM (high HS) alone combination NFAT5 scrambled small interfering (si) RNA, siRNA, SIRT-1 inhibitor EX-527. Compared NS, LS increased mRNA protein by 71%...

Heme oxygenase (HO) catalyzes the degradation of heme to form iron, biliverdin, and carbon monoxide (CO). The vascular actions CO include direct vasodilation smooth muscle indirect vasoconstriction through inhibition nitric oxide synthase (NOS). This study was performed examine effects in kidney alone or combined with NOS inhibition. Chromium mesoporphyrin (CrMP; 45 μmol/kg ip), a photostable HO inhibitor, given control rats N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME)-treated hypertensive...

Mice with global null mutation of Ceacam1 (Cc1−/−), display impairment insulin clearance that causes hyperinsulinemia followed by resistance, elevated hepatic de novo lipogenesis, and visceral obesity. In addition, they manifest abnormal vascular permeability blood pressure. Liver-specific rescuing reversed all the metabolic abnormalities in Cc1−/−liver+ mice. The current study examined whether Cc1−/− male mice develop endothelial cardiac dysfunction this relates to caused defective...

We hypothesized that PRR contributes to renal inflammation in the 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) ischaemia model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed normal sodium diet. Blood pressure (BP) was obtained on days 0 and 28 after left artery clipping reduced blood flow by 40%. Renal expression of TNF-α, COX-2, NF-κB, IL-1β, MCP-1 collagen type I assessed sham 2K1C with or without administration scramble shRNA. At baseline, there no differences BP. Compared sham, MAP significantly increased clipped...

1. Recurring insulin-induced hypoglycaemia (RIIH) often occurs during the therapeutic management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Controversy currently exists in literature as to ability insulin and/or promote hypertension. Could adverse pressor effects? If so, under what conditions and through mechanism? Thus, present study was performed evaluate hypothesis that RIIH produces hypertension via induction heme oxygenase (HO)-1, promoting a significant increase endogenous carbon monoxide...

Purpose . Studies were performed to examine hemodynamic and renal function before after acute induction of the endogenous CO system with delta-aminolevulinic acid (DALA), which drives HO activity. Methods In vivo studies conducted on Inactin-anesthetized male Sprague Dawley rats (250–300 g) either or without chronic pretreatment L-NAME (50 mg/Kg, q12 hours x4d). Results DALA (80 μmol/Kg, IV bolus) administration acutely increased production HO-1 protein. untreated L-NAME-pretreated rats, did...

Telehealth is the use of technology to deliver medical services. Potential uses among veterinarians include consulting with specialists about complicated cases, sending in electronic prescriptions, or meeting clients discuss patient health. Although coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic posed many challenges veterinary profession, it accelerated adoption telehealth veterinarians. As these changes took place quickly response pandemic, those practice did not receive much training guidance;...

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a collection of ailments resulting in higher risk cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes mellitus. It also results prolonged endothelial dysfunction which promotes hypertension. Objective: The current study examines the acute effect carbon monoxide (CO) inhibition nitric oxide (NO) stimulation septal coronary arteries. Methods: These studies were conducted inactin anesthetized obese lean Zucker rats (13-14 weeks age). Coronary arteries isolated from...

Background: Recurrent insulin induced hypoglycemia (RIIH) is an unavoidable risk of conventional therapeutic management dependent diabetes mellitus and a primary cause impaired glucose counter regulation. Circulating angiotensin II (AngII) has been reported to be elevated in diabetic models, linked the promotion hypertension. Objective: The current study was performed evaluate hypothesis that chronic injections and/or promotes hypertension via increase AngII, which increases endogenous...

Numerous methods have been developed for in vivo collection, separation and characterization of biological samples analytes. Among those methods, microdialysis gained its prominence due to reliability measuring various endogenous exogenous therapeutic agents tissue systems. Virtually every soluble molecule the interstitial fluid can be measured by microdialysis. Microdialysis facilitates inexpensive collection accurate data with minimal invasive procedures. The present study describes...

Receptor dimerization was shown to enhance the receptor efficacy, trafficking and signal transduction. Angiotensin II type 1 (AT1R) (Pro)renin (PRR) are expressed in kidney. Studies demonstrated that these two receptors have some similarities their signaling mechanisms effects. In present study we hypothesized AT1R PRR form functional heterodimer cellular ERK phosphorylation. Using Immunoprecipitation technique, confocal immunofluorescence staining (IF), fluorescence resonance energy...

We hypothesized that the renal prorenin receptor (PRR) mediates high fat diet (HFD)-induced hypertension via enhancing expression of epithelial sodium channel (α-ENaC) and aquaporin-2 (AQP-2). C57BL/6 mice underwent right nephrectomy (n=12) allocated to receive regular (RD, 12 kcal% fat, n=6) or a high-fat (HFD, 45 for 10 weeks. HFD group received left subcapsular interstitial administration PRR shRNA (n=3) vehicle (n=3). BW, food water intake, BP, UV UNaV, fluid (RIF) angiotensin II (Ang...

We hypothesized that PRR plays a role in renal inflammation 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) hypertension rat model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed normal sodium diet. BP was obtained before and 28 days after left artery clipping. Renal expressions of PRR, TNF-α COX-2 assessed sham 2K1C with or without interstitial administration scramble shRNA shRNA. At baseline there no significant differences between different animal groups. Compared to sham, mean arterial blood pressure significantly increased...

Abnormally up-regulated or down-regulated autophagy induces cell death. p62 is selectively degraded by autophagy, and was also recently reported to modulate extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) activity. However, the effect of on PRR expression not known. We hypothesized that activation increases via modulation -ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Cultured mouse podocytes were treated with activators, rapamycin (100 nm) Earles’s balanced salt solution (EBSS), for 48 hours. Both EBSS...