An experienced user of the Twiddler, a one--handed chording keyboard, averages speeds 60 words per minute with letter--by--letter typing standard test phrases. This fast rate coupled Twiddler's 3x4 button design, similar to that mobile telephone, makes it potential alternative multi--tap for text entry on phones. Despite this similarity, there is very little data performance and learnability. We present longitudinal study novice users' learning rates Twiddler. Ten participants typed 20...

While much progress has been made in wearable computing recent years, input techniques remain a key challenge. In this paper, we introduce uTrack, technique to convert the thumb and fingers into 3D system using magnetic field (MF) sensing. A user wears pair of magnetometers on back their permanent magnet affixed thumb. By moving across fingers, obtain continuous stream that can be used for pointing. Specifically, our novel algorithm calculates magnet's position tilt angle directly from...

We introduce the Gesture Watch, a mobile wireless device worn on user's wrist that allows hand gesture control of other devices. The Watch utilizes an array infrared proximity sensors to sense gestures made over and interprets using hidden Markov models. maps intuitive gross signals such as play pause commands commonly found media players. present our evaluation designed determine its accuracy usability. In study, 10 participants used in both stationary conditions well indoors outdoors....

We present a longitudinal study of mini-QWERTY keyboard use, examining the learning rates novice users. The consists 20 twenty-minute typing sessions using two different-sized models. Subjects average over 31 words per minute (WPM) for first session and increase to an 60 WPM by twentieth. Individual subjects also exceed upper bound 60.74 suggested MacKenzie Soukoreff's model two-thumb text entry [5]. discuss our results in context this model.

We investigate the effect of placement and user mobility on time required to access an on-body interface. In our study, a wrist-mounted system was significantly faster than device stored in pocket or mounted hip. latter two conditions, 78% it took spent retrieving from its holder. As mobile devices are beginning include peripherals (for example, Bluetooth headsets watches connected phone pocket), these results may help guide interface designers with respect distributing functions across body...

Modern vehicles are using AI and increasingly sophisticated sensor suites to improve Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) support automated driving capabilities. Heads-Up-Displays (HUDs) provide an opportunity visually inform drivers about vehicle perception interpretation of the environment. One approach HUD design may be reveal vehicle's full contextual understanding, though it is not clear if benefits additional information outweigh drawbacks added complexity, or this balance holds...

Previously we demonstrated that after 400 minutes of practice, ten novices averaged over 26 words per minute (wpm) for text entry on the Twiddler one-handed chording keyboard, outperforming multitap mobile standard. We present a study examines expert performance. Our five participants achieved an average rate 47 wpm approximately 25 hours practice in varying conditions. One subject 67 wpm, equivalent to typing last author who has been user years. analyze effects learning various aspects...

We present Facet, a multi-display wrist worn system consisting of multiple independent touch-sensitive segments joined into bracelet. Facet automatically determines the pose as whole and each segment individually. It further supports multi-segment touch, yielding rich set touch input techniques. Our work builds on these two primitives to allow user control how applications use alone in coordination. Applications can expand more segments, collapses encompass fewer, be swapped with other...

Driven by curiosity and our own three diverse smartphone application usage datasets, we sought to unpack the nuances of mobile device use revisiting two recent Mobile HCI studies [1, 17]. Our goal was add broader understanding investigating if differences in occurred not only across but also relation prior work. We found top-10 apps each dataset, durations types interactions as well micro-usage patterns. However, it proved very challenging attribute such a specific factor or set factors:...

In this paper we develop a model capable of classifying drivers from their driving behaviors sensed by only low level sensors. The sensing platform consists data available the diagnostic outlet (OBD) car and smartphone We window based support vector machine to classify drivers. test our with two datasets collected under both controlled naturalistic conditions. Furthermore, evaluate using each sensor source (car phone) independently combining average classification accuracies attained three...

The wristwatch is a device that quick to access, but currently under-utilized as platform for interaction. We investigate interaction on circular touchscreen wristwatch, empirically determining the error rate variously-sized buttons placed around rim. consider three types of inter-target movements, and derive mathematical model given movement type angular radial button widths.

People use photographs for numerous reasons with one of the most common uses both analog and digital is as an artifact to share discuss others. While practice photo sharing has been thoroughly examined in HCI community, there currently very little research on easily capturing content within groups collocated mobile users. In this paper we present design, implementation, evaluation a application, Mobiphos, that gives group users ability capture simultaneously photos real-time each other.

The small size of wearable devices limits the efficiency and scope possible user interactions, as inputs are typically constrained to two dimensions: touchscreen surface. We present SoundTrak, an active acoustic sensing technique that enables a interact with in surrounding 3D space by continuously tracking finger position high resolution. wears ring embedded miniature speaker sending signal at specific frequency (e.g., 11 kHz), which is captured array miniature, inexpensive microphones on...

With the release of Android Wear Apple Watch, we are seeing a resurgence in industry smartwatch offerings. While there has been research on technical feasibility smartwatches as well proposing novel watch interactions, relatively little work trying to uncover what user-centered values might offer its wearer. We detail user study 50 everyday wearers focused eliciting usage practices traditional dumb watches. discuss themes uncovered our participants' perceptions features, aesthetics, and...

We examine the nature of smartwatches and explore their associated user interface design space in this paper. Several are using small graphical displays as such adopting similar forms. However, there indications that other designs could be feasible. discuss how might use non-graphical still offer "smart" capabilities. To demonstrate feasibility, we present two smartwatch prototypes show LED arrays can used to dynamically support several functions needed by applications. Finally, some...

In this paper we present a 20-participant controlled experiment to evaluate and compare head-down visual display synthesized speech audio for comprehending text while mobile. Participants completed reading comprehension trials walking path sitting. We examine overall performance perceived workload four conditions: audio-walking, audio-sitting, visual-walking, visual-sitting. Results suggest is an acceptable modality mobile of text. Participants' scores the audio-walking condition were...

Current wearable form factors often house electronics using an enclosure that is attached to the body. This factor, while wearable, tends protrude from body and therefore can limit wearability. While emerging research in on-skin interfaces HCI communities have generated with lower profiles, they still require support by conventional associated for microprocessor, wireless communication, battery units. In this work, we introduce SkinWire, a fabrication approach extends early work shift...

In a mobile environment, the amount of visual attention person can devote to computer is often limited. addition typing rapidly and accurately, it important be able enter text with limited feedback. Previously we found that users effectively type in such "blind" conditions Twiddler one-handed keyboard. this paper examine blind on mini-QWERTY keyboards introduce taxonomy for Input. We present study which eight expert typists participated 5 sessions. Each session consists three twenty minute...