Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is a picture-based communication strategy used to teach skills persons with developmental disabilities including autism. This article systematically reviews 13 published single-subject studies examine the effectiveness of PECS, effects PECS on speech and problem behaviors, generalization beyond training conditions, social validity intervention. The authors also calculated percentage nonoverlapping data points for all participants quantify,...

Misophonia is a newly recognized condition involving adverse emotional reactions to environmental sounds, most often produced by other people. This study reports results of survey describing the phenomenology misophonia based on large sample. Survey data were collected from individuals self-identified as having misophonia. A total 1,061 reported specific distressing and responses indicating severity perceived comorbidity. Over 82% respondents female. The average age participants was 37.49...

The purpose of this study was to examine the factor structure and internal reliability Parent-initiated Motivational Climate Questionnaire among 112 boys 98 girls, young adolescents, older adolescents. questionnaire had a meaningful 3-factor showed acceptable reliability. There significant difference between how girls perceived their parents' reactions learning new physical skills. In contrast boys, thought that both mothers fathers focused on improvement self-satisfaction during process...

Surgical audit is being undertaken to monitor and compare (by computer) the type of patient, work load, results two similar surgical units. Both units are in City Hackney District London, one at St Bartholomew's Hospital other Hospital. During 1978, 736 patients were admitted by unit 902 Hackney. At 70% admissions elective compared with 49% Hackney, where 86% lived within district only 36% Bartholomew's. The wound was commonest site for complications, infection affecting 9% those 6%...

This study was conducted to increase peer-to-peer social skills using direct instruction of two elementary students diagnosed with autism. Two participants and a peer were trained initiate, share respond each other the peer. A multiple-baseline design across used determine effects strategy. Results indicated increased initiations in both sharing behaviours one participants, but no increases responses participants. Implications for practitioners future researchers are discussed.

To explore depressed mood in the breastfeeding dyad.

Abstract Background Effective treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (e.g., prolonged exposure (PE); cognitive processing therapy (CPT)) exist and are widely adopted by the Departments of Veterans Affairs (VA) Defense (DoD). Unfortunately, dropout from these regularly exceeds 30%. However, in a recent survey patients who dropped out PE, approximately half indicated greater likelihood completion if peer had completed treatment were available to help with vivo homework. Methods We...

Improving access to health care providers with clinical expertise in stroke may influence the use of recommended strategies for reducing disparities quality care. Few studies have examined differences receipt evaluation by neurologists during hospital stay. We proportion individuals hospitalized acute ischemic who received a neurologist stay and characterized race (Black vs White), sex, age, study region (Stroke Belt residence other) among those experiencing were participating national cohort study.

This clinical case study was conducted with a student diagnosed autism and Tourette syndrome who displayed severe self‐injurious behavior (SIB). Behavioral assessments observations suggested that the demonstrated less SIB during self‐restraint, where he wrapped his hands tightly in large blanket. We used an ABAB design fading to reduce size of blanket keep rates low. In addition, we also fixed interval reinforcement schedule extinction intervention/restraint phases. Results indicated...

This case study was conducted with a student diagnosed autism and Tourette syndrome who displayed severe self-injurious behavior (SIB). We functional behavioral assessment which indicated that SIB maintained by multiple functions using an ABAC design to determine the effect of positive social attention extinction. Results show considerable decrease in incidents, particularly when session duration reduced from 10 minutes 5 during second intervention phase. Thus, combination contingent...

The authors conducted this study to decrease disruptive vocalizations in a 3rd-grade student with high-functioning autism across 3 general education classrooms. They used direct and indirect approaches of functional behavior assessment determine the function behavior. Results indicated that was maintained by attention from teachers. To reduce vocalizations, teachers implemented noncontingent attention, which tracked content areas different settings using an AB design. showed decreased all...

Purpose: Effective interprofessional (IP) collaboration is essential for managing complex patient cases. Collaborative clinical reasoning (CCR) an approach where IP teams collectively analyze and address cases, facilitating a shared understanding of management. While simulation case-based learning are established methods fostering collaboration, the process by which students develop mental model management after simulated home visit how this promotes development competencies unknown....