The universal anomalies in the normal state of Cu-O high-temperature superconductors follow from a single hypothesis: There exist charge- and spin-density excitations with absorptive part polarizability at low frequencies \ensuremath{\omega} proportional to \ensuremath{\omega}/T, where T is temperature, constant otherwise. behavior such situation may be characterized as that marginal Fermi liquid. consequences this hypothesis are worked out for variety physical properties including superconductivity.

We propose a new functional integral representation of the Hubbarda and Anderson models lattice fermions. The simplest saddle-point approximation leads, at zero temperature, to results derived from Gutzwiller variational wave function. This approach uncovers limitations clarifies its connection "auxiliary-boson" mean-field theory model. formulation leads novel strong-coupling which allows for unified treatment antiferromagnetism ferromagnetism, metal-to-insulator transition, Kondo...

By use of an effective Hamiltonian which takes into account the constraints on motion a hole in quantum antiferromagnet, spectral function is calculated. For small exchange and away from antiferromagnetic zone boundary, it found to be dominated by incoherent multiplespin-wave processes. The dispersion quasiparticle part possible implications for disordering antiferromagnet are discussed.

We develop the simplest mean-field theory of an extended Hubbard model in limit a large intrasite Coulomb interaction, concentrating on possibility superconductivity induced by superexchange interaction and weakened intersite repulsion. calculate critical temperature coherence length as function filling, well dependence magnetic susceptibility specific heat. Finally, we comment physics insulating state at half mention probable effects fluctuations.

A two-dimensional Fermi gas with an attractive s-wave interaction is shown to display a finite number of bound fermion pairs at all densities and temperatures. We study the chemical equilibrium between ionized by including single-pair fluctuations in free energy. While this turns out be sufficient drive critical temperature for onset long-range order zero, higher-order processes must invoked describe correctly low-temperature regime.

We study the level-spacing statistics in entanglement spectrum of output states random universal quantum circuits where qubits are subject to a finite probability projection computational basis at each time step. encounter two phase transitions with increasing rate: The first is volume-to-area law transition observed projective measurements; second separates pure Poisson level large measurement rates from regime residual repulsion within area-law phase, characterized by non-universal spacing...

We discuss the many-body aspects of optical spectra doped semiconductors, for both bulk and low-dimensional systems. At low doping concentrations are dominated by excitonic effects, consistent with single-particle band structure these With increasing atomic excitons lose their identity eventually unbind, while spectral weight moves continuously to Fermi level. Depending on electron-mass hole-mass ratio, display a broadened singularity as well Auger-like indirect transitions. calculate onset...

We present a statistical mechanics approach for the prediction of backtracked pauses in bacterial transcription elongation derived from structural models complex (EC). Our algorithm is based on thermodynamic stability EC along DNA template calculated sequence-dependent free energy DNA-DNA, DNA-RNA, and RNA-RNA base pairing associated with (i) translocational size fluctuations bubble; (ii) changes DNA-RNA hybrid; (iii) cotranscriptional RNA secondary structure upstream exit channel. The...

The electron-spin-resonance signal of metallic Si:P near the metal-insulator transition has been measured down to a temperature 30 mK. paramagnetic spin susceptibility and resonance linewidth are found increase sharply with decreasing temperature. We argue that these effects due enhancement fluctuations, accompanying slowing diffusion transition. results compared predictions recent theories for disordered interacting-electron systems.

We present an analytical solution of a SU(N)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}SU(M) generalization the multichannel single-impurity Kondo model in limit N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}, M\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}, with \ensuremath{\gamma}=M/N fixed. Non-Fermi-liquid behavior single electron Green function and local spin flavor susceptibilities occurs both regimes, N\ensuremath{\le}M N>M, leading critical exponents identical to those found conformal field theory...

The spectral function of a single hole moving in two-dimensional antiferromagnetic background is calculated, using the self-consistent Born approximation for self-energy. For small systems, good agreement found with results exact diagonalization studies. In thermodynamic limit, quasiparticle residue, effective mass, and incoherent multiple spin-wave are determined as functions ratio Heisenberg exchange J hopping amplitude t. relevance single-hole to physical problem finite concentration...

We investigate a mean-field theory of the Hubbard model in large on-site correlation limit, allowing for possibility commensurate spin-density wave together with s- and d-wave-like superconductivity. As function t/U band filling, resulting phase diagram exhibits phases which are simultaneously superconducting antiferromagnetic. show that order parameter goes to zero limit 1/2-filled band. comment on possible relevance these results newly discovered high-${T}_{c}$ superconductors.

We investigate the physical processes which determine optical spectra of modulation-doped semiconductor quantum-well structures as a function doping. argue that even at low doping concentrations, excitons are heavily dressed by charge- and spin-density excitations Fermi sea, implying, already in limit, Stokes shift between emission absorption. For all charge spin polarization sea due to many-body effects leads an enhancement symmetry breaking structures, may explain anomalies observed luminescence.

We report results from the analysis of complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences 112 Japanese semi-supercentenarians (aged above 105 years) combined with previously published data 96 patients in each three non-disease phenotypes: centenarians (99–105 years age), healthy non-obese males, obese young males and four disease phenotypes, diabetics without angiopathy, Alzheimer's Parkinson's patients. analyze correlation between polymorphisms longevity phenotype using two different methods....

We study a spinless two-band model at half-filling in the limit of infinite dimensions. The ground state this non-interacting is band-insulator. identify transitions to metal and charge-Mott insulator, using combination analytical, Quantum Monte Carlo, zero temperature recursion methods. metallic phase non-Fermi liquid with algebraic local correlation functions universal exponents over range parameters.

The spin dynamics of weakly interacting, spin-polarized quantum gases are discussed in terms a quasiparticle picture these systems. Quantum mechanical exchange between identical particles introduces "molecular" magnetic fields which give rise to the precession current; this turn leads coherent oscillations magnetization. theory is used discuss resonance experiments atomic hydrogen.

We introduce tensor network contraction algorithms for counting satisfying assignments of constraint satisfaction problems (#CSPs). represent each arbitrary #CSP formula as a network, whose full yields the number that formula, and use graph theoretical methods to determine favorable orders contraction. employ our heuristics solution #P-hard boolean satisfiability (#SAT) problems, namely monotone #1-in-3SAT #Cubic-Vertex-Cover, find they outperform state-of-the-art solvers by significant margin.

We use large deviation methods to calculate rates of noise-induced transitions between states in multistable genetic networks. analyze a synthetic biochemical circuit, the toggle switch, and compare results those obtained from numerical solution master equation.

We give the exact spectrum and thermodynamics for a long-range hopping Hubbard chain with linear dispersion. This model exhibits Mott-Hubbard metal-insulator transition at half filling when interaction strength U equals bandwidth W. The solution U\ensuremath{\gg}W also covers corresponding t-J model, which reduces to spin of Haldane Shastry filling. mention possible extensions in one higher dimensions.

A model of a local orbital coupled through repulsive interactions to both the hybridizing and screening channels conduction band is solved by Wilson's renormalization group method. At particle-hole symmetry we find non-Fermi-liquid lines critical points when interaction in channel above value. Away from system displays two stable Fermi-liquid fixed different symmetries, separated non-Fermi liquid quantum point, mixed-valence regime. The behavior vicinity this point consistent with marginal...