A5076686230- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Ion Channels and Receptors
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Phosphodiesterase function and regulation
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
2024
Charotar University of Science and Technology
2024
Le Bonheur Children's Hospital
2017
Imperial College London
1989-2012
Lung Institute
1996-2008
National Institutes of Health
2003-2008
Royal Brompton Hospital
2001
Johns Hopkins University
1995
The Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey (HerMES) is a legacy programme designed to map set of nested fields totalling ∼380 deg2. Fields range in size from 0.01 ∼20 deg2, using the Herschel-Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) (at 250, 350 500 μm) Herschel-Photodetector Array Camera Spectrometer (PACS) 100 160 μm), with an additional wider component 270 deg2 SPIRE alone. These bands cover peak redshifted thermal spectral energy distribution interstellar dust thus capture...
We present the cross-identification and source photometry techniques used to process Herschel SPIRE imaging taken as part of Multi-Tiered Extragalactic Survey (HerMES). Cross-identifications are performed in map-space so minimise blending effects. make use a combination linear inversion model selection produce reliable catalogues based on Spitzer MIPS 24 micron positions. Testing simulations real observations show that this approach gives robust results for even faintest sources S250~10 mJy....
Abstract Airway smooth muscle is actively involved in the inflammatory process diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma by 1) contributing to airway narrowing through hyperplasia hypertrophy 2) release of GM-CSF G-CSF, which promotes survival activation infiltrating leukocytes. Thus, identification novel anti-inflammatory pathways will have important implications for treatment disease. This study identifies a pathway peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors...
Cough is a common and protective reflex, but persistent coughing debilitating impairs quality of life. Antitussive treatment using opioids limited by unacceptable side effects, there great need for more effective remedies. The present study demonstrates that theobromine, methylxanthine derivative in cocoa, effectively inhibits citric acid-induced cough guinea-pigs vivo. Furthermore, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled man, theobromine suppresses capsaicin-induced with no adverse...
We investigated the effect of Ba 679 BR, a novel long-acting antimuscarinic agent, on cholinergic neural responses in guinea pig and human airways. atropine, ipratropium bromide inhibited electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced contraction with IC50 values 0.17, 0.74, 0.58 nM, respectively, trachea. BR had slower onset longer duration action than atropine or (the times required to attain 50% maximum response were 34.8, 3.8, 7.6 min, for recovery 540, 31.6, 81.2 respectively). as well...
Eotaxin is a novel C‐C chemokine with selective chemoattractant activity for eosinophils. We determined whether eotaxin could be produced by human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells in culture and examined its regulation interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) the corticosteroid, dexamethasone. Stimulation of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) or tumour necrosis factor (TNFα) each at 10 ng ml −1 induced release protein maximal accumulation 24 h. Interferon‐γ (IFNγ) alone had no effect there was synergy between these...
<h3>Objective:</h3> While squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) most commonly affects individuals in fifth to seventh decades life, it occasionally arises older patients. Biologic epidemiologic factors HNSCC elderly patients have been investigated shed light on process neoplastic transformation that population. <h3>Design:</h3> The medical records with new onset presenting between 1988 1993 were reviewed retrospectively. <h3>Setting:</h3> Tertiary-care hospital-based clinic....
Functional studies suggest the presence of prejunctional muscarinic autoreceptors on cholinergic nerves in human airways. However, these are an indirect method evaluating changes neurally evoked acetylcholine (ACh) release. We have investigated and guinea pig trachea by comparing effects receptor antagonists pirenzepine (M1), methoctramine (M2), 4-DAMP (M3), rispenzepine (M1/M3) neural contractile responses electrical field stimulation (EFS) [3H]ACh The M1, M1/M3, or M3 inhibited EFS-evoked...
There is considerable interest in novel therapies for cough, since currently used agents such as codeine have limited beneficial value due to the associated side effects. Sensory nerves airways mediate cough reflex via activation of C‐fibres and RARs. Evidence suggests that cannabinoids may inhibit sensory nerve‐mediated responses. We investigated inhibitory actions on nerve depolarisation mediated by capsaicin, hypertonic saline PGE 2 isolated guinea‐pig human vagus preparations, conscious...
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a family of ligand-activated nuclear hormone belonging to the steroid receptor superfamily. Previously, present authors have shown that PPAR‐γ agonists inhibit release inflammatory cell survival factors and induce apoptosis <i>in vitro</i>. The aim this study was determine effect two structurally different PPAR in an vivo</i> model lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced airway inflammation. Mice were treated with agonists, rosiglitazone or SB...
Hematologic malignancy puts the lives of numerous people all ages at serious risk globally. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a sub type leukemia, is dreadful disease that affects millions individual Early detection crucial, and image analysis peripheral blood smears simple way to diagnose categorize leukemic cells. However, complex can lead incorrect findings. To address this, model proposed examine ALL identify its various categories using deep ensemble learning. This study shows...
In this study we have evaluated the pharmacological profile of muscarinic antagonist glycopyrrolate in guinea‐pig and human airways comparison with commonly used ipratropium bromide. Glycopyrrolate bromide inhibited EFS‐induced contraction trachea a concentration‐dependent manner. was more potent than The onset action (time to attainment 50% maximum response) similar that obtained both preparations. trachea, offset taken for response return recovery after wash out test antagonist) (t 1/2...
The novel peptide, nociceptin and the mu-opioid agonist [D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO) produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of electrical field stimulation (EFS)-evoked release acetylcholine (ACh) from cholinergic nerves innervating guinea-pig trachea. non-selective opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone, did not antagonize inhibitory action under conditions where ACh evoked by DAMGO was completely reversed. It is suggested that can inhibit cholinergic,...
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In airway diseases, smooth muscle cells can proliferate at exaggerated rates; thus, the identification of endogenous pathways that limit proliferative responses is important. Here we show human express type I nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which results in inhibition DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD), a cell-permeable mimetic increases biological half-life therefore enhances activity endogenously released (NO), or NO-releasing drugs also greatly reduce...
We present spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for 68 Herschel sources detected at 5-sigma 250, 350 and 500 mu in the HerMES SWIRE-Lockman field. explore whether existing models starbursts, quiescent star-forming galaxies AGN dust tori are able to model full range of SEDs measured with Herschel. find that while many (~ 56 %) well fitted templates used fit IRAS, ISO Spitzer sources, about half two new required: ('cirrus') colder (10-20 K) dust, a young starburst higher optical depth than Arp...
Sensory nerves regulate central and local reflexes such as airway plasma protein leakage, bronchoconstriction cough. nerve activity may be enhanced during inflammation that these protective effects become exacerbated deleterious. Cannabinoids are known to inhibit sensory function. However, there is still controversy surrounding which receptor involved in eliciting effects.We have adopted a pharmacological approach, including using novel, more selective CB(2) agonist, GW 833972A (1000-fold...
Sensory nerves regulate central and local reflexes such as airway plasma leakage, cough their function may be enhanced during inflammation. Evidence suggests that dopamine receptor agonists inhibit sensory nerve‐mediated responses. In this study inhibited vagal nerve induced microvascular leakage in the rat. order to characterize involved rat vagus preparations were utilized. Quinagolide (D 2/3 agonist), ropinirole 2/3/4 SKF 38393 1/5 AR‐C68397AA (Viozan™) (dual D 2 /B agonist) hypertonic...
We present new observational determination of the evolution rest-frame 70 and 160 micron total infrared (TIR) galaxy luminosity functions (LFs) using data from Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic Legacy Survey (SWIRE). The LFs were constructed for sources with spectroscopic redshifts only in XMM-LSS Lockman Hole fields SWIRE photometric redshift catalogue. TIR range 0<z<1.2 LF was 0<z<0.5 a parametric Bayesian vmax methods. assume our models, that faint-end power-law index does not...
The aim of this work was to evaluate colorectal cancer (CRC) outcomes after 'low' (sub-threshold) faecal immunochemical test (FIT) results in symptomatic patients tested primary care.
1. Previous studies have provided evidence that activation of beta-adrenoceptors on cholinergic nerve terminals can inhibit neurotransmission in the airways. However, most cases, this conclusion has been based indirect obtained from mechanical experiments where changes airways smooth muscle tone were measured. 2. We assessed whether modulation by beta-adrenoceptor agonists is due to a pre- or post-junctional action investigating effect isoprenaline contractile responses evoked exogenous...
In the present study, we examined effect of E‐ring 8‐ iso prostanes on cholinergic neurotransmission in guinea‐pig trachea and identified receptor(s) involved. As are isomeric with prostaglandins, PGE 2 sulprostone (a selective EP 3 ‐receptor agonist) were parallel. Iso ‐PGE 1 , (0.1 n M –1 μ ), (1 ) suppressed EFS‐evoked [ H]ACh release from a concentration‐dependent manner, producing 39.5, 53.9, 61.2 59.9% inhibition, respectively, at . It should be noted that an established maximum...
Infusion of khat leaves is an African traditional remedy used to treat airway diseases. The beneficial effects are thought be due the activity its main active component, cathinone. Cathinone inhibited electric field stimulation-induced acetylcholine release and contractions smooth muscle, which could responsible for seen in disease. mechanism action this natural product appears via activation both pre-junctional α 2 adrenergic 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 receptors. present novel study describes...