Summary Quality of life is often thought to be poor before and after intensive care unit admission. The aim this study was investigate changes in quality care. A prospective cohort 300 consecutive patients admitted performed a Scottish Teaching Hospital. assessed premorbidly 3, 6 12 months admission for surviving using SF‐36 as well EQ‐5D scores at months. median value age 60.5 years APACHE II score, 18. mean length stay 6.7 days. physical component decreased from premorbid values 3 (p =...

The Cicerone Project was a collaborative effort by livestock producers, researchers and extension specialists, which aimed to explore the profitability sustainability of grazing enterprises on Northern Tablelands New South Wales, Australia. A major part creation moderate scale, unreplicated farmlet experiment. process selecting treatments design experiment involved considerable negotiation over an extended period in order achieve ‘ownership’ all those involved. farmlets were designed compare...

Abstract. The potential for degraded physical properties of soil to regenerate naturally after exclusion grazing animals was examined at a long‐term stocking rate trial near Armidale, New South Wales, Australia. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity measured before excluded, and 7 months 2.5 years’ exclusion. These data were compared with controls grazed 10,15 20 sheep/ha. After years, there significant increases in unsaturated 5 15 mm tension the ungrazed treatments controls. conductivities...

As part of the Cicerone Project’s farmlet experiment, conducted on Northern Tablelands New South Wales, Australia, between July 2000 and December 2006, this study assessed effects varying soil fertility, pasture species grazing management botanical composition three 53-ha farmlets subjected to different strategies. Starting with same initial conditions, were managed reach target levels phosphorus (P) sulfur (S); Farmlet A aimed at 60 mg/kg Colwell P 10 S (KCl40) whereas Farmlets B C both 20...

The effects of different whole-farm management systems were explored in a farmlet trial on the Northern Tablelands New South Wales, Australia, between July 2000 and December 2006. three examined first, moderate input with flexible grazing eight paddocks considered ‘typical’ region (farmlet B), second, also but high level pasture renovation increased soil fertility A) third same inputs as B which practised intensive rotational 37 C). changes herbage mass, quality growth followed seasonal...

This paper reports changes in livestock weights recorded a whole-farmlet experiment, which aimed to examine the profitability and sustainability of three different pasture grazing management strategies. The assessment liveweights was considered key component measuring integrated effects farmlet-scale treatments. farmlets comprised typical regime, employed flexible rotational over eight paddocks with moderate soil fertility (farmlet B), system based on same paddock number but higher levels...

Summary Coating seeds with nutrients may be an effective way of supplying starter fertilizer for establishment seedlings and early growth. However, a large variability in benefits providing has been reported, highlighting differences the implementation techniques. This chapter will discuss main principles relating to imprecisely defined concept nutrient-amended seeds.

This study addresses the problem of balancing trade-offs between need for animal production, profit, and goal achieving persistence desirable species within grazing systems. The bioeconomic framework applied in this takes into account impact climate risk management pastures rules on botanical composition pasture resource, a factor that impacts livestock production economic returns over time. establishes links inputs, state resource outputs, to identify optimal development strategies....

Farming systems research conducted under dryland conditions is subject to the vagaries of climate during experimental period. Whether such an experiment experiences a representative series climatic years must be examined in relation longer term record. The Cicerone Project’s farmlet was on Northern Tablelands New South Wales, Australia, investigate profitability and sustainability three different management systems: one managed typical, moderate-input (farmlet B); second which employed...

The inaugural committee of the Cicerone Project commissioned a survey livestock producers in New England region to determine research problems and production practices which were greatest importance graziers. In addition, an assessment was made level interest had participating proposed producer-led adoption project. mailed five districts across during October November 1997. results concerning land pasture management issues suggested that majority found challenges dry seasons, fertiliser use,...

A farmlet experiment was conducted between July 2000 and December 2006 as part of the Cicerone Project, which sought to enhance profitability sustainability grazing enterprises on Northern Tablelands New South Wales, Australia. self-replacing Merino enterprise grazed dominant livestock enterprise, together with ~20% carrying capacity cattle, each three treatments: higher levels soil fertility pasture renovation flexible rotational over eight paddocks (farmlet A), moderate B) intensive 37 C)....

Most research comparing different farming systems has been conducted on relatively uniform plots at small scales made necessary by the desire for sufficient replication of and cost limitations. This paper describes an alternative approach to plan allocation land three unreplicated whole-farm management such that each farmlet had equivalent starting conditions yet was a scale credible both livestock producers researchers. The paddocks were distributed across landscape in ‘patchwork quilt’...

The present paper explains the statistical inference that can be drawn from an unreplicated field experiment investigated three different pasture and grazing management strategies. was intended to assess these strategies as whole farmlet systems where scale of precluded replication. planned so farmlets were allocated matched paddocks on basis background variables measured across each paddock before start experiment. These conditioning used in model effects could discerned longitudinal...

A robust research system requires a governance framework. As part of the Medical Education Partnership Initiative, three Zimbabwean universities partnered with two U.S. in project to strengthen universities. The aimed at (1) developing policies, (2) strengthening central management offices, (3) administration curriculum, and (4) enhancing awareness about role relevance other institutions Zimbabwe. Through efforts partners, generic policy was developed successfully adapted by institutions....

An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of deep-rooted perennial grasses on water and nitrogen economy 3 mature pasture communities with different botanical compositions but same fertiliser history. One dominated by volunteer naturalised (Eleusine tristachya Danthonia spp.) (termed ‘degraded’), another phalaris (Phalaris aquatica) dominant (phalaris), a third into which white clover (Trifolium repens) had been recently sown (phalaris–white clover). Two replicates each type were...

The Cicerone Project included a study of three 53-ha farmlets, each subjected to different management system. systems varied first in their input fertilisers and sown pastures second grazing management. Farmlet A undertook high level pasture renovation had soil fertility targets 60 mg/kg Colwell phosphorus (P) 10 KCl-40 sulfur (S), while farmlets B C both low rate 20 P 6.5 S. In addition, adopted flexible rotational regime over the eight paddocks farmlet, whereas farmlet C, which 37...

The application of fertilisers to pastures in the high rainfall regions southern Australia has contributed large increases carrying capacity following widespread adoption practice since late 1940s. Recently, shifts worldwide demand for fertiliser inputs have lead rises cost inputs. These increasing costs significant potential ramifications on future management soil fertility and its interaction with persistence profitability sown pastures, especially during periods climatic uncertainty. A...

On the New South Wales Northern Tablelands, sheep, wool and beef cattle production account for most agricultural output. The industries have been challenged in recent years by environmental economic factors are therefore looking modified or alternative livestock management systems that capable of sustaining profitability. Cicerone Project aimed to address these issues comparing three different grazing pasture improvement systems. Some industry analyses based on gross margins which do not...

Managing infections of sheep with gastrointestinal nematode parasites (worms) and problems resistance to anthelmintic treatments continue be major challenges for graziers on the Northern Tablelands New South Wales, Australia. The whole-farmlet study grazing enterprises undertaken by Cicerone Project tested broad hypotheses that compared typical management (farmlet B), internal can more effectively managed improved nutrition A) or intensive rotational C). Further aims were identify sources...

Satellite imagery was used to assess differences between three treatments in a grazing enterprise systems study of 53-ha farmlets on the Northern Tablelands New South Wales, Australia. The involved comparison typical control farmlet (B) with one higher levels sown pasture and soil fertility (A) employing intensive rotational (C). Landsat thematic mapper data were derive normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) spectral class images for eight dates from before commencement trial (June...

To examine whether ADAMTS13 activity levels measured at the time of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection predict cognitive impairment after recovery.