Efficient oral administration of protein‐based therapeutics faces significant challenges due to degradation from the highly acidic conditions present in stomach and proteases digestive tract. Herein, investigations into spike‐covered sunflower sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) for protein delivery using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model drug are reported provide insights optimization SEC extraction, loading, controlled release. The phosphoric‐acid‐based extraction process is optimized....

Photocatalysis is a promising technique due to its capacity efficiently harvest solar energy and potential address the global crisis. However, structure-activity relationships of photocatalyst during wavelength-dependent photocatalytic reactions remains largely unexplored because it difficult measure under operating conditions. Here we show strain evolution single Au nanoparticle (AuNP) supported on TiO

We demonstrate by using density functional calculations that the In/Si(111)-√7×√3 surface consists of an In double layer, contrary to prevailing idea overlayer on this is just one atom thick and thus can be used represent ultimate 2D limit metal properties. The double-layer structure sound energetically microscopically and, above all, well reproduces measured photoemission band could not fairly compared with any single-layer model. present model urges a reconsideration recent experimental...

The vertical mixing ratio profiles of H 2 O, HDO, O 3 , heavy ozone, HF, HCl, HCN, and OH in the stratosphere are retrieved from high‐resolution far‐infrared emission spectra. These spectra were obtained with a balloon‐borne Fourier transform spectrometer spring 1979 at 32°N. nonlinear least squares fit method is used analysis. results relative to ratio, whose features can be found same retrieval together other species should particularly significant for study upper stratospheric...

We have studied the effect of Au intercalation on atomic and electronic structure graphene/Ni(111) surface by using density functional theory calculations. Our calculations demonstrate that (1) atoms energetically favor interface over adsorption, (2) drastically changes so graphene $\ensuremath{\pi}$ bands almost recover Dirac cone ideal free-standing graphene, (3) Fermi edge locates closely at point, indicating underlying Au/Ni(111) substrate is inert. The present confirms a recent...

Aging is the strongest risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and extended age results in neuronal degeneration functional decline visual system. Among many contributing factors to age-related deterioration of neurons an insufficient activation Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) response cellular stress. X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) a major component UPR essential maintaining homeostasis reducing stresses. Herein, we investigate role XBP1 morphological integrity...

We propose a new principle to realize flatbands which are robust in real materials, based on network superstructure of one-dimensional segments. This mechanism is naturally realized the nearly commensurate charge-density wave $1\mathrm{T}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{TaS}}_{2}$ with honeycomb conducting domain walls, and resulting flatband can explain enhanced superconductivity. also show that corner states, hallmark higher-order topological insulators, appear superstructure.

Abstract When two periodic potentials compete in materials, one may adopt the other, which straightforwardly generates topological defects. Of particular interest are domain walls charge-, dipole-, and spin-ordered systems, govern macroscopic properties important functionality. However, detailed atomic electronic structures of have often been uncertain microscopic mechanism their functionality has elusive. Here, we clarify complete wall network, a honeycomb network connected by Z 3 vortices,...

Domain walls in correlated charge density wave compounds such as 1T-TaS2 can have distinct localized states which govern physical properties and functionalities of emerging quantum phases. However, detailed atomic electronic structures domain largely been elusive. We identify using scanning tunneling microscope functional theory calculations the for a plethora discommensuration quenched metastably with nanoscale wall networks. The exhibit various in-gap within Mott gap but metallic appear...

In the analysis of interferometric spectrum, an accurate knowledge instrument line shape is required. The spectrum can be distorted owing to errors in measured interferogram, which are generally categorized into intensity error and phase error. that due effect field view, optics misalignment, noise, smearing causes a symmetric distortion shape, asymmetric distortion. This paper describes fast Fourier transform technique for simulating effects, applied analyses atmospheric absorption spectra...

Density-functional calculations are used to identify one-atom-thick metallic In overlayers on the Si(111) surface, which have long been sought in quest of ultimate two-dimensional (2D) limit free-electron-like properties. We predict two metastable single-layer phases, one $\sqrt{7}\times\sqrt{3}$ phase with a coverage 1.4 monolayer (ML; here 1 ML refers atom per top Si atom) and other $\sqrt{7}\times\sqrt{7}$ 1.43 ML, indeed match well experimental evidences. Both phases reveal quasi-1D...

Localized modes in one-dimensional (1D) topological systems, such as Majonara superconductors, are promising candidates for robust information processing. While theory predicts mobile integer and fractional solitons 1D insulators, experiments so far have unveiled immobile, only. Here we observe fractionalized phase defects moving along trimer silicon atomic chains formed step edges of a vicinal surface. By means tunnelling microscopy, identify local with shifts 2π/3 4π/3 their electronic...

This paper demonstrates a 120 Gbit/s 64-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (64-QAM) transmission link using all-electronics sub-harmonic mixers for the transmitter and receiver operating in 300 GHz band. The wireless signal is propagated through non-line-of-sight free space where reflections from 2 mirrors provide channel length of 3 m over-the-air between modules. Here, we demonstrate that an accurate correction different error sources such as impairments well combined effects hardware...

While the prototypical quasi-two-dimensional charge density wave system of $1T\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{TaS}}_{2}$ has been known as a Mott insulator with possibility quantum spin liquid, recent band-structure calculations and spectroscopic works in parallel suggested metallic or spin-singlet due to interlayer coupling. Here, we carefully reinvestigate out-of-plane electron dispersion, which reflects electronic coupling, angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. We identify two distinct...

Kinks, point-like geometrical defects along dislocations, domain walls, and DNA, are stable mobile, as solutions of a sine-Gordon wave equation. While they widely investigated for crystal deformations wall motions, electronic properties individual kinks have received little attention. In this work, electronically topologically distinct discovered walls in correlated van der Waals insulator 1T-TaS2 . Mobile antikinks identified trapped by pinning imaged scanning tunneling microscopy. Their...

Graphene promises to be a revolutionary component of upcoming electronic devices. New calculations and experiments reveal that the structure graphene can recovered even when is grown on metal substrate.

The putative Mott charge density wave (CDW) phases of monolayer 1T-NbSe2 and 1T-TaSe2 have attracted a lot recent interest due to the unexpected orbital texture their Mott-Hubbard states superstructure related an exotic possibility quantum spin liquid with spinon Fermi surface. origins been, however, elusive. We find by using functional theory calculations that these CDW can alternative metastable structure, anion (Se) centered cluster, in contrast prevailing model cation (Nb or Ta) David...

An analysis method that uses the nonlinear least-squares fit technique has been developed for emission spectra obtained with a Fourier transform spectrometer. This is used of submillimeter-region atmospheric balloon-borne FT spectrometer was carried out as correlative measurement LIMS satellite experiment. The emitting gas concentrations, instrument line shape, and response functions have simultaneously retrieved. retrieved mixing ratios H2O O3 in stratosphere from four spectral intervals...

Density-functional calculations are used to verify the atomic structure of hexagonal In/Si(111)-($\sqrt{7}\times\sqrt{3}$) surface, which has been considered represent an ultimate two-dimensional (2D) limit metallic In overlayers. Contrary prevailing assumption, this surface consists not a single layer but double atoms, corresponds deformation well-established $rectangular$ formed on Si(111)-($\sqrt{7}\times\sqrt{3}$) [Park $et$ $al$., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 166102 (2012)]. The same...

Abstract Quasi-two-dimensional charge density wave system of 1T-TaS 2 has attracted recent interest due to topological excitations, emergent superconductivity, ultrafast synaptic functionality, and the possibility a quantum spin liquid state. While electron correlation been known be essential in this system, nature its insulating phase is currently under debate. Here, we reinvestigate origin band structures surface using density-functional theory calculations consider recently-raised issues...

Abstract Negative differential resistance (NDR) is the key feature of resonant tunneling diodes exploited for high‐frequency and low‐power devices recent studies have focused on NDR in van der Waals heterostructures nanoscale materials. Here, strong confined along a 1‐nm‐wide 1D channel within layer 1T‐TaS 2 reported. Using scanning microscopy, double formed sides charge–density‐wave domain wall found. The density functional theory calculation elucidates that local band‐bending at interlayer...

Plant sporoderm are among the most robust biomaterials in nature. We investigate erosion of Lycopodium microcapsules (SDMCs) triggered by human blood plasma. Dynamic image particle analysis (DIPA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy demonstrate degradation events, suggesting bulk as dominant mechanism for SDMCs fragmentation blood. These results should prove valuable discerning behaviour potential biological applications.