The current study employs social cognitive theory to analyze the moderated mediation model of self-leadership and innovative work behavior. Further, this research assesses mediating impact knowledge sharing, moderating effect creative self-efficacy in above-mentioned direct relationship. To test model, data were gathered, at two different times, from 283 subordinates 129 supervisors, working various software companies major cities Punjab, Pakistan. findings showed a significant Additionally,...

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), also known as Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-COV2) and it has imposed deep concern on public health globally. Based its fast-spreading breakout among the people exposed to wet animal market in Wuhan city of China, was indicated origin. The symptoms, reactions, rate recovery shown coronavirus cases worldwide have been varied . number patients is still rising exponentially, some countries are now battling third wave. Since most effective treatment this...

During the last two decades, free-space optical links got considerable importance due to their benefits of higher data rates, license free-spectrum, easy and rapid deployment mobility.Free-space use carrier frequency in range 20 THz 375 (in near infrared (IR) region visible band wavelengths) establish a communication link for terrestrial communication, inter-satellite links, deep space ground-tosatellite satellite-to-ground links.Free-space are also useful different military applications,...

This paper proposes a downlink resource scheduling technique for maximized throughput with reduced Block Error Ratio and improved fairness among different users across the cellular region. Resources are allocated to on basis of Channel Quality Indicator feedback values in way that data rates increased without compromising fairness. provide critical information about channel, which enables scheduler perform radio management functions downlink. Simulations performed link level simulator...

National Oceanic and Atmosphere Administration (NOAA) has a group of manmade satellites. These satellites are operated at approximately 137 MHz frequency provide weather data continuously. The also helps humanity in disaster management since the satellite launch. ground stations costly devices which responsible for downloading data. In this research receiver is designed with help Real Tech Software Defined Radio (RTL SDR), Quadrifilar Helicoidal Antenna (QHA) Trifilar Balun. QHA Balun were...

The spectrum scarcity problem is occurred due to static allocation of the and increasing no applications wireless communications. same occurs in field radar communication. solution said a cognitive radio. radio works on principle dynamic access. essential part access sensing. In this paper, an overview sensing techniques Cognitive RADAR given that available open literature. These will help development self-aware, environment aware systems which can adapt target variations real time within...

FSOL (Free-Space Optical Links) are becoming very popular due to the inherent advantages of high data rates, rapid deployment, portability, cost effective and immunity electromagnetic interference. is a line-of-sight technology that uses modulated beam light transmit receive multiple Giga Bit per second. free space or atmosphere as communication channel. signal launched at transmitter end, travels through reaches receiver, severely affected by local atmospheric conditions. Atmosphere...

Free-space optical links use modulated beam of light to transmit high amount data from transmitter receiver get line-of-sight communication link.Free-space is cost effective solution provide higher rate end-users.Free-space are also considered as a better alternative RF due their advantages low power consumption and the range Gbps, highly secure electromagnetic interference.Despite having all these free-space affected by severe weather conditions like fog, rain, snow, smoke dust or aerosol...

Cognitive radio based network enables opportunistic dynamic spectrum access by sensing, adopting and utilizing the unused portion of licensed bands.Cognitive is intelligent enough to adapt communication parameters spectrum.Spectrum sensing one most important tasks cognitive cycle.In this paper, auto-correlation function kernel Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier along with Welch's Periodogram detector successfully implemented for detection four QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)...

The manufacturing industry has undergone a radical transformation with the emergence of Industry 4.0, characterized by convergence Cyber-Physical Systems, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Internet Things, and big data. This fourth industrial revolution enables real-time monitoring prompt decision-making. However, organizational policies pose significant challenges to its adoption, particularly regarding cybersecurity risks. study investigates these proposes strategies for...

FSO (free space optical) communication is one of the most advanced modes wireless communication. a line sight which used to convey data from an optical transmitter receiver through atmosphere. offers higher rates but fading level due atmospheric effects (like sand, dust, fog, rain, snow etc.) are than RF (radio frequency) technology. The atmosphere affects laser beam passing it. turbulence and scattering results in degradation signal. In this research paper focused analyzes variations...

FSOL (Free-Space Optical Links) are becoming very popular due to the inherent advantages of high data rates, rapid deployment, portability, cost effective and immunity electromagnetic interference. is a line-of-sight technology that uses modulated beam light transmit receive multiple Giga Bit per second. free space or atmosphere as communication channel. signal launched at transmitter end, travels through reaches receiver, severely affected by local atmospheric conditions. Atmosphere...

The ground-satellite communications are expensive yet highly significant for the success of a space mission and to envisage its end-of-life by continuously monitoring health all sub-systems. One cost-effective possibility honing skills is use amateur satellite service an online internet-to-orbit gateway. ©gateway has maximum range tracking detection 22000 km sensitivity down 0.1 watts, capable enough receive faint satellites in even omni directional reception scenario. gateway allows...

Higher education plays an important part in the betterment of educational institutes as it paves ways to enhance skills and competencies staff students. The following study aims highlight major hurdles way financing higher explore strategies combat such challenges. As a whole, focuses on better assist economic growth increase literacy employment rate along with development country. objective was carefully read all policies according challenges Pakistan, for which historical method research...