Soil contamination by heavy metals is becoming increasingly serious and needs to be solved urgently. Modified biochar an effective strategy solve this problem, previous studies have only focused on the remediation of single metal contaminated soils through biochar. However, effects metal-modified bamboo soil improvement passivation are still unknown. In study, Mn-modified was prepared were investigated. The results showed that can improve physical chemical properties soil, immobilize (i.e.,...

This paper introduces an accumulative prediction method to predict the eye diagram for high speed signaling systems. We use step responses of pull-up and pull-down extract worst-case diagram, including height jitter. Furthermore, produces input patterns intersymbol interference. The algorithm handles signals either symmetric or asymmetric rise/fall time. Experimental results demonstrate accuracy efficiency proposed method.

We devise a central triangular sequence to minimize the escape routing layers in area array packaging. use network flow model analyze bottleneck of routable pins. The patterns are generated reverse order from last first layer. demonstrate that pin maximizes sum pins accumulated and thus number layers. A test case is presented illustrate approach.

This paper introduces an accumulative prediction method to predict the eye diagram for high speed signaling systems. We use step responses of pull-up and pull-down extract worst-case diagram, including height jitter. Furthermore, produces input patterns intersymbol interference. The algorithm handles signals either symmetric or asymmetric rise/fall time. Experimental results demonstrate accuracy efficiency proposed method.

The chip/package I/Os count has continuously been growing as the systems become more complicated. High density interconnection and efficient escape routing with high performance low cost will greatly benefit whole electronic system. We analyze properties of hexagonal array, which can hold about 15% compared traditional square grid array. propose three strategies for array: column-by-column horizontal routing, two-sided horizontal/vertical multi-direction hybrid channel routing. in array same...

We present a novel scheme to implement distortionless transmission lines for on-chip electrical signaling. By introducing intentional leakage conductance between the wires of differential pair, line eliminates dispersion caused by resistive nature and achieves speed light transmission. show that it is feasible construct with conventional silicon process. Simulation results using 65nm technology, proposed can achieve 15Gbits/s bandwidth over 20mm serial link without any equalization. This...

This paper introduces a step response based method to predict the eye diagram for high-speed signaling systems. The is able accurately worst-case diagram, and orders of magnitude faster than using SPICE simulation with input random bits. proposed applied search optimal equalizer parameters lower-power transmission-line schemes. Simulation results show that scheme driver-side series capacitor achieves much better area, throughput conventional only resistive terminations.

We extend the surfliner on-chip distortionless transmission line scheme and provide more details for implementation issues. Surfliner seeks to approach by intentionally adding shunt resistors between signal ground. In theory if we distributively make conductance G=RC/L, there is no distortion at receiver end propagates speed of light. show feasibility advantages this resistor a real design case single-ended microstrip in 0.10mum technology. The simulation results indicate can achieve near...

This paper proposes an efficient analysis flow and algorithm to identify the worst case noise for power networks with multiple clock domains. First, we apply Laplace transform on input current sources derive analytical formula. Then, calculate circuit frequency response logarithmic scale components. The domain is approximated by a rational function using vector fitting modeling. used natural of ground networks, can be converted back into time easily. Based results, then present gating...

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> In this paper, an efficient framework is proposed to analyze the worst case of voltage variation power network considering multidomain clock gating. First, a frequency-domain-based simulation method obtain time-domain response. With vector fitting technique, frequency-domain responses are approximated by partial fraction expression, which can be easily converted waveform. Then, algorithm find...

In this study, we address a rescheduling problem in parallel machine environments under machines failures. To make balance between efficiency and stability of the reschedules, consider total number tardy jobs as measure processed on different initial revised schedules measure. Then heuristic algorithm which synthesizes beam search (BS) repair-based constraint satisfaction is developed. Numerical experiments are to evaluate performance proposed algorithm. The experimental results show that...

In this paper, we introduce a general operator splitting method for transient simulation of VLSI circuits. The proposed approach generates special partitions the circuits and alternates explicit implicit integrations between partitions. We prove that is unconditionally stable independent step size. scheme greatly reduces nonzero fill-ins generated in direct methods like LU decomposition. Orders magnitude speedup over Berkeley SPICE3 observed sets

We propose a novel high-speed serial signaling scheme that minimizes the distortion for multichip module (MCM) packaging level communication by intentionally adding leakage resistors between signal trace and ground. The new is inspired theory of distortionless transmission line which states if R/G = L/C, there will be no at receiver end propagates speed light. simulation results indicate that, using shunt resistor scheme, 10+ Gbps bit rate achievable over 10 cm single-ended stripline without...

This paper proposes an efficient method to find the worst case of voltage violation by multi-domain clock gating in on-chip power network. We first present a response arbitrary pattern, using superposition technique. Then, integer linear programming (ILP) formulation is proposed identify worst-case pattern and maximum variation area. The ILP based significantly faster than conventional on enumeration. experimental results are also compared with where peak induced, which shows latter...

At present, all internationally recognized professional simulation software for civil aviation are unable to simulate the impact of counterpoise on shielding performance DVOR (Doppler VHF Omni-Range) and DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) signals. Research in this specialized domain has only advanced theoretical stage, leaving no intuitive reference value relevant technical personnel. This article studies reflection characteristics grid size thickness frequency band devices. By establishing...

Power unit coordinated control (PUCC) problem was being focused by many optimizers as a serious task to be tackled in several aspects. Through this paper differential evolution (DE) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms are implemented solve the PUCC problem. With considering four objectives optimized: minimization of tracking error load power demand, fuel consumption, throttling losses due steam valve, feeding water. Simulation experiments made through case-study aid MATLAB...

Power transmission line detection is of great importance in the development a millimeter-wave(MMW) helicopter collision warning radar system. This paper presents high-voltage power scheme, using knowledge backscatter characteristics and tower. Detection criteria based on clutter backscattering coefficients, size, aspect angle, as well number independent samples are obtained. The performance scheme for detecting lines data demonstrated series real scene obtained by MMW rader at 35 GHz. It has...

The primary radar uses the reflected echo signal to identify target information, and secondary of receiving transponder obtain information. Compared with radar, can transmit more so is widely used in civil aviation field. Due rapid economic development, ultra-high buildings have appeared around stations. will block transmission, severe cases, aircraft not be able receive signals normally, which endanger aviation. safe operation. Therefore, this article first analyzes transmission establishes...

This paper modified the differential evolution (DE) algorithm adaptively to solve the power unit coordinated control (PUCC) problem.It was in two aspects: 1) a uniform initialization, which controlled and regulated by zone factor (m), 2) regular mutation process, develop an effective searching process improve convergence of basic DE algorithm. A numerical case study employed verify performance our proposed differential (UDE) algorithm, contrast with DE, genetic (GA), particle swarm...

Power unit coordinate control problem is a typical non-linear, constrained optimization with high computational complexity, in which the optimal solution balanced between load demand and pressure set point. This traditionally solved by fixed nonlinear mapping method, while more attention payed on solving this issue modern heuristic algorithms, like GA, PSO, etc. paper presents comparison study two algorithms their applications to 3-objective power problem. The merits drawbacks of each...