This research paper explores the transformative potential of clinical legal education and trial advocacy in reshaping Indian to meet demands a dynamic system. By bridging theoretical knowledge with practical application, equips students essential lawyering skills, ethical competencies, commitment social justice. The examines historical evolution India, from colonial rote-based learning modern experiential models driven by National Law Universities Bar Council India reforms. It highlights...

Climate change and global warming are the foremost anthropogenically accelerated catastrophes that already causing world-wide challenges, but threaten to thwart food, environmental nutritional security in future. affects ecosystem services interactions between biotic abiotic factors. The most drastic consequences have been observed agricultural livestock sector, with diminished production productivity potential. Agriculture allied sectors contribute markedly of greenhouse gases; however,...

A versatile beamline for performing reflectivity, fluorescence, and absorption experiments in the soft x-ray region of 100–1500 eV is commissioned on a bending magnet port Indus-2 synchrotron source. high vacuum 2-axis reflectometer with x, y, z sample scanning stages installed. This used to measure reflectivity large samples up 300 mm length 5 kg weight. feature useful characterizing optical elements, such as mirrors, gratings, multilayers. flange mounted silicon drift detector installed...

A soft x-ray reflectivity beamline covering 100 eV – 1500 photon energy range is designed, fabricated and commissioned at bending magnet port of Indian synchrotron radiation facility Indus-2 to cater thin film/ multilayer users analyze structural optical behavior. The experimental station designed test mirrors upto ∼300 mm length in the region. provides monochromatic photons using a constant deviation angle variable line spacing plane grating monochromator with Hettrick type optics. Pre post...

Climate change and global warming are the foremost anthropogenically accelerated catastrophes that already causing world-wide challenges, but threaten to thwart food, environmental nutritional security in future. affects ecosystem services interactions between biotic abiotic factors. The most drastic consequences have been observed agricultural livestock sector, with diminished production productivity potential. Agriculture allied sectors contribute markedly of greenhouse gases; however,...

A carbon layer deposited on an optical component is the result of complex interactions between surface, adsorbed hydrocarbons, photons and secondary electrons (photoelectrons generated surface elements). In present study a synchrotron-induced contamination 340 mm × 60 Au-coated toroidal mirror has been characterized. The showed strong variation in structural properties from centre to edge region (along long dimension mirror) due Gaussian distribution incident photon beam intensity/power...

Deposition of synchrotron-radiation-induced carbon contamination on beamline optics causes their performance to deteriorate, especially near the K edge. The photon flux losses due have spurred researchers search for a suitable decontamination technique restore optical surface and retain its performance. Several in situ ex refurbishing strategies are still under development solve this serious issue. In work, is removed from large (340 mm × 60 mm) Au-coated toroidal mirror using capacitively...

A field experiment was conducted on Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) during the autumny season of 2020-21 at Technology Park Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U.P.). The laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD). Results revealed that growth parameters mung bean viz., number (331229 plants/ha), plant height (67.7 cm/plant), trifoliate leaves/plant (12.7), branches/plant (4.5), dry matter accumulation (18.7 g/plant), leaf area index (5.72), CGR (7.6...

The present work reports the influence of selenium replacement by bismuth on nonlinear optical parameters ternary Se85-xTe15Bix (x=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 atomic %) chalcogenide thin films. Calculation refractive index (n2), two-photon absorption coefficient (β2) and third-order susceptibility (χ (3)) well known Z-scan technique with femtosecond laser pulses were done. spectra for upto Bi= 4 % results in self- focusing behavior n2 is positive while Bi=5 negative. using different physical are...

The influence of the core-hole effect on optical properties magnesium oxide (MgO) is established through experimental determination constants and first-principles density functional theory studies. Optical (δ β) MgO thin film are measured in spectral region 40-300 eV using reflectance spectroscopy techniques at Indus-1 synchrotron radiation source. obtained show strong core exciton features near Mg L-edge region, causing significant mismatch with Henke's tabulated values. On comparing...

A decrease in photon intensity due to carbon contamination on optical elements is a serious issue synchrotron radiation (SR) beamlines. Photon can be regained by refurbishment of using suitable techniques. In the literature, three techniques [radio frequency (RF) plasma, ultraviolet (UV) ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>172</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mspace...

In this paper, we report cleaning of carbon capped molybdenum (Mo) thin film by in-house developed radio frequency (RF) plasma reactor, at different powers and exposure time. Carbon Mo films were exposed to oxygen for durations three power settings, a constant pressure. After each exposure, the thickness layer roughness determined hard x-ray reflectivity measurements. It was observed that most got removed in first 15 minutes exposure. A high density formed on top also it noted cannot be...

CO2 is chosen as a probe molecule for adsorption over microporous zeolites like zeolite-13X, zeolite-NaX & BaX, FAU-X Y, which it creates greenhouse gas effect and global warming.Synthetic Na form of zeolite-MFI with various Si/Al ratios (5, 30, 100, 200) are modified HCl to enhance the porosity screened there capacities CO2.Modification shows promising activity without damaging crystal structure.All characterized XRD BET crystallinity, pore volume, surface area related physorbtion CO2.After...