For many organisms, there is agreement on the specific genomic region used for developing barcode markers. With nematodes, however, it has been found that COI designated most animals lacks taxonomic coverage (ability to amplify a diverse group of taxa) required metabarcoding marker. reason, studies nematodes thus far have utilized primarily regions within highly conserved 18S ribosomal DNA. Two popular markers this are ones flanked by primer pairs NF1-18Sr2b and SSUF04-SSUR22. The pair,...

Since its conception, DNA barcoding has seen a rapid uptake within the research community. Nevertheless, as with many new scientific tools, progression towards point of routine deployment diagnostic laboratories been slow. In this paper, we discuss application in Defra plant health laboratories, where is used primarily for identification invertebrate pests. We present series case studies that demonstrate successful but also reveal some potential limitations to expanded use. The regulated...

Abstract Root‐lesion nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus are migratory endoparasites with worldwide economic impact on several important crops including potato, where certain species like P. penetrans , neglectus and scribneri reduce yield quality potato tubers. Morphological identification spp. is challenging, recent advancements in molecular techniques provide robust rapid diagnostics to differentiate without need specialist skills. However, fact that not available for all means there...

Meloidosgyne fallax (false Columbia root knot nematode) is an invasive crop pest recorded across Europe, Africa, North America, and Oceania. Here we present the draft genome assembly of M. which was de novo assembled scaffolded using chitwoodi (Columbia nematode), a close relative fallax.

Morphologically similar Aphelenchoides spp. populations extracted from rice and forage grass seeds different geographical regions in Brazil were morphologically molecularly characterised. Overall, the studied separated into two groups based on morphological phylogenetic analyses, referred to herein as ‘Group-rice’ ‘Group-forage’. Bayesian analyses of SSU, LSU mtCOI strongly supported presence dichotomous with Group-rice Group-forage genetically A. besseyi fujianensis , respectively. This...

Abstract Nematodes are important components of terrestrial ecosystems. There is currently limited understanding how soil nematode communities altered by non-native vegetation encroachment. The spatial turnover was studied on Ascension Island in the South Atlantic: an isolated and degraded volcanic island sparse native vegetation. Many plants were introduced mid-1800’s, shrubs have more recently spread across lowlands. Ascension’s elevation gradient represented a unique space-for-time proxy...

Abstract. Nematodes represent a species-rich and morphologically diverse group of metazoans known to inhabit both aquatic terrestrial environments. Their role as biological indicators key players in nutrient cycling has been well documented. Some plant-parasitic species are also cause significant losses crop production. In spite this, there still exists huge gap our knowledge their diversity due the enormity time expertise often involved characterising using phenotypic features. Molecular...

Abstract. Nematodes represent a species rich and morphologically diverse group of metazoans inhabiting both aquatic terrestrial environments. Their role as biological indicators key players in nutrient cycling has been well documented. Some groups nematodes are also known to cause significant losses crop production. In spite this, knowledge their diversity is still limited due the difficulty achieving identification using morphological characters. Molecular methodology provided very useful...

In October 2018, infective juveniles of Meloidogyne mali were isolated from a soil sample taken the rhizosphere elm trees (Ulmus sp.) located at one site in southern England. This surveillance work was carried out by Plant Health and Seed Inspectorate following recommendations outlined EPPO pest risk analysis for apple root-knot nematode, M. (EPPO, 4). Statutory sampling location December with populations observed infesting roots this additional (Fig. 1). Host exhibited typical large galls,...

Summary Nematodes perform important ecosystem services in soils and are well studied traditional farming, but their role newer soil-less food production systems is unstudied. We determined the nematode assemblages from substrates within hydroponic media beds of a commercial aquaponics system. Three were studied: coir, compost lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA), with ascertained via morphological analysis. All suitable for nematodes abundance was lower compared compost. Compost had...

Soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of gypsophila and rose plants greenhouses in Debrezeit Ziway localities Ethiopia. Among many specimens plant-parasitic nematodes extracted soil, four identified as new records Ethiopia, namely Mesocriconema sphaerocephaloides; Longidorus laevicapitatus; Paratylenchus obtusicaudatus, Nanidorus minor. A comprehensive analysis morphological morphometrical characters is provided species-specific variability those between populations originating...

In July 2009, the obligate migratory endoparasitic nematode Hirschmanniella gracilis (de Man, 1880) Luc & Goodey, 1964 was found parasitising roots of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) collected from a riverbank, in grounds Castle Howard, York, UK (54.1236°N 0.9165°W). Symptoms infestation included large necrotic lesions and stunting roots. This is new record for this genus, which 37 38 valid species (Sturhan Hallmann, 2010) are listed Annex IAI Council Directive 2000/29/EC....

In June 2008, the endoparasitic nematode Sphaeronema alni was found in roots and associated soil from Betula pubescens collected a riverbank, near Sandsend, Whitby, UK (OS: NZ 783 133 GB). A small number of sedentary females were causing necrosis forming syncytia on lateral roots. The site resampled August September, but only evidence feeding sites observed. Degenerate males this species are known, not found. Juveniles population smaller with longer tail length than previously recorded...

Summary Pratylenchus crenatus , P. neglectus penetrans and thornei are globally the most commonly occurring species of root-lesion nematodes (RLN). Correct identification quantification these is important for strategic management interventions such as rotation choice nematicide use. A real-time quantitative PCR can provide a fast reliable alternative to morphological identification, which requires significant taxonomic experience. TaqMan hydrolysis probe method based on 28S rDNA D2-D3...

A supplementary description of Longidorus diadecturus , based on paratype specimens and line drawings provided in the original description, is presented. This species listed Annex IIA EU Regulation 2019/2072 due to its reported ability vector Peach rosette mosaic virus.