Dosage compensation in Drosophila occurs by an increase transcription of genes on the X chromosome males. This elevated expression requires function at least four loci, known collectively as male-specific lethal (msl) genes. The proteins encoded two these genes, maleless (mle) and lethal-1 (msl-1), are found associated with males, suggesting that they act positive regulators dosage compensation. A specific acetylated isoform histone H4, H4Ac16, is also detected predominantly male chromosome....

Abstract Male-specific lethal-one (msl-1) is one of four genes that are required for dosage compensation in Drosophila males. To determine the molecular basis msl-1 regulation compensation, we have cloned gene and characterized its products. The predicted protein (MSL-1) has no significant similarity to proteins current data bases but contains an acidic N terminus characteristic involved transcription chromatin modeling. We present evidence associated with hundreds sites along length X...

Dosage compensation in Drosophila occurs by a twofold increase transcription per copy of X-linked genes males (XY) compared with females (XX). msl-1 is one four that are essential for dosage males, and MSL-1 protein associated specifically the male X chromosome. To explore basis sex specificity compensation, we examined expression females, mutants. levels negatively regulated Sxl resulting male-specific MSL-1. In addition, msl-2 required translation and/or stability males. Furthermore,...

The transformer-2 (tra-2) gene of Drosophila melanogaster plays essential roles in both sexual differentiation the female soma and spermatogenesis male germ line. In soma, tra-2 is known to act with other genes sex determination regulatory cascade control sex-specific alternative splicing transcripts from doublesex gene. Here, we determine whether or not any products are expressed that may account for either these activities. Sequence analysis 10 cDNA clones coupled nuclease protection...

Abstract We used DNA reassociation kinetics to determine genome size and organization in the ixodid tick Amblyomma americanum. calculated of A. americanum be approximately 1.08 pg or 1.04 × 10 9 base pairs consist 35.8% unique DNA, 4.2% foldback sequences, 17.9% highly repetitive 42.1% moderately sequences. Comparison long short fragments revealed sequences distributed a pattern period interspersion, feature that, date, has been associated with arthropod genomes that lack high percentage DNA.

Ecdysteroid hormones have been shown to regulate growth and development in insects, chelicerates crustaceans. While they presumably mediate analogous functions all arthropods, their action outside Insecta is poorly understood. receptors are heterodimeric proteins composed of two nuclear receptor superfamily members, the ecdysone (EcR) Ultraspiracle (USP), invertebrate homologue retinoid x (RXRs). When paired, EcR/USP dimers function as ligand-activated transcription factors, binding DNA...

The mouse MHC class I family includes genes encoded in four regions: H-2K, H-2D, Qa and Tla. While K/D are well characterized, relatively little is known about or Tla genes. We have studied the transcription of a B10.P region gene. DNA sequence comparisons transmembrane region, supported by Southern blot analysis cosmid genomic DNAs from BALB/c C57BL/10, demonstrate lambda 3a gene corresponds to Q4p. In both Northern blots RNA protection experiments using probes derived 3' noncoding we found...

A 1084 base pair partial cDNA showing similarity to the C subunit of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) was isolated on a clone from library made salivary glands 3-day-old feeding adult Amblyomma americanum (L.) female ticks. The 5' end completed using primer extension and two pieces joined form complete 1373 bp. This mRNA is expressed in embryos unfed adults females at all stages feeding. Specific inhibitors V-ATPase decrease rate dopamine-stimulated secretion glands, but not as much ouabain, an...

ABSTRACT Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a gammaherpesvirus that can cause several cancers, such as Kaposi sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). We others have recently demonstrated Forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors be dysregulated by KSHV, they affect KSHV infection. Herein, we focus on dissecting the role of two FOXK subfamily members, FOXK1 FOXK2, in life cycle. proteins are key host regulators cellular functions, yet their infection remains unknown. Here,...

One of the major surprises molecular analysis histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes is large number class I (K/D)-related sequences in genome. Both restriction fragment length polymorphisms and cosmid cloning experiments showed them all to be closely linked MHC. Until now little information was available concerning either their expression or recognition by immune system. Here we report that these non-K/D can provoke antibody responses recognized cytolytic T cells. Immunization C3H mice with...

Until recently, the analysis of Class II genes linked to rat major histocompatibility complex, RT1, has been confined serologic and electrophoretic their gene products. To obtain a more definitive estimate number relative polymorphism RT1 sequences, we performed Southern blot genomic DNA employing human cDNA probes specific for heavy light chain genes. blots EcoRI BamHI digests from ten inbred strains, expressing eight haplotypes, were hybridized with DQ beta or DR that are homologous...