Recent ground-motion observations suggest that surface-rupturing earth- quakes generate weaker near-fault ground motion than buried earthquakes. This dif- ference is significant in the period range of 0.3-3 sec. Contributing factors to this phenomenon may include effect fault zone weakness at shallow depth on rup- ture dynamics and rupture directivity during We present results from numerical experiments spontaneous dynamic near-source simulations surface rupturing discuss mechanisms for...

The effective stresses on the asperities and backgrounds of faults should be evaluated in strong motion prediction for future earthquakes. First, short-period source spectra were inferred from variable-slip rupture models 12 earthquakes Mw 5.6 to 7.2 lands 6 large M_W 8.1 subduction zones. Then, slip amounts based this paper. Here, statistics adopted that described ratios areas, amounts, those entire fault. Finally, modeling presented two types destructive 7.3 8.3 zones with 126 bars 83...

Abstract The semi-empirical method, in which small-event records are used as Green's functions to synthesize strong ground motions from a large earthquake, has become one of the most practical methods for generating input motion earthquake-resistant design structures. stability synthesized was examined applicability engineering purposes. accelerograms 1980 Izu-Hanto-Toho-Oki, Japan, earthquake with magnitude 6.7 were simulated by using 17 foreshocks and aftershocks magnitudes 3.4 4.9....

Estimation of strong ground motions is an important subject foi earthquake resistant design structures.Since Hartzell's work (lg78)", a semi-empirical method to simulate large by utilizing small-event records as Green'$ functions has been applied many 'researchers.Kanamori {1979)'2 pfoposed'a rnethod Love-wave displacements considering the difference seismic mornent between small and th'e events.Imagawa & Mikumo (1982)'3 Irikura (1983)'` simulated displacement velocity motions, respectively,...

We proposed a new procedure for evaluating the parameters of asperity models predicting strong ground motions from inland earthquakes caused by long strike-slip faults. The evaluation formula averaged dynamic stress drops obtained Irie et al. (2010)1) surface ruptured faults 15 to 100 km was adopted in our procedure, because static circular cracks, commonly existing procedures, could not be applied or drop on entire fault estimated 34 bars data rupture areas and seismic moments actual...

We proposed a new procedure for evaluating the parameters of asperity models predicting strong ground motions from inland earthquakes caused by long reverse faults. The evaluation formula averaged dynamic stress drops obtained Irie et al. (2013)1) surface ruptured faults 15 to 300 km was adopted in our procedure, because static circular cracks, commonly existing procedures, could not be applied or drop estimated 24 bars data areas and seismic moments actual earthquakes, on asperities 187...

A variable-slip rupture model of a large-earthquake fault is taken into account in semi-empirical method for predicting strong-ground motions. The source spectrum the (p, q)-th sub-fault represented by omega-square with two corner circular frequencies. one V_<pq>/D_<pq>, where V_<pq> maximum slip velocity and D_<pq> final slip, other 2 β_<pq>λ_<pq>, β_<pq> shear-wave medium λ_<pq> equivalent radius sub-fault. This new applied to 1923 Kanto earthquake obtained Wald Somerville (1995)....

A conventional “recipe” for strong ground motion prediction has been applied to the seismic fault (deep fault; located within seismogenic layer). In order perform assessments of motions and permanent displacements at sites very close trace, we proposed method modeling that takes entire ruptured from surface into account. Our approach was validated by simulation observed records obtained stations trace mainshock 2016 Kumamoto Japan, earthquake (M w 7.1). Also, through assessment performed a...

Abstract Variable-slip rupture models for large earthquakes, obtained by the source inversion of long-period (&amp;gt;4 sec) seismic waves, are taken into account in a semi-empirical method simulating broadband (&amp;lt; about 10 strong ground motions. The high-frequency (&amp;gt;0.25 Hz) spectrum (p, q)th subfault is inferred θ−2 mode with two circular corner frequencies. first ωDpq = Vpq/Dpq, due to temporal integration slip-velocity time function, where Vpq maximum slip velocity and Dpq...

内陸地殻内で発生する地震を対象として、既存の活断層図等の文献による調査、空中写真判読によるリニアメント調査、現地における地表踏査等の詳細な地質学的調査によっても、震源位置と地震規模を前もって特定できない地震を「震源を事前に特定できない地震」と定義し、その地震動レベルを震源近傍の硬質地盤上の強震記録を用いて設定した。検討対象は、日本およびカリフォルニアで発生した計41 の内陸地殻内地震である。地質学的調査による地震の分類を行い、9 地震12 地点の計15 記録 (30 水平成分) の強震記録を、震源を事前に特定できない地震の上限レベルの検討に用いた。Vs=700m/s 相当の岩盤上における水平方向の地震動の上限レベルとして、最大加速度値450 cm/s/s、加速度応答値1200cm/s/s、速度応答値100 cm/s が得られた。

Short active faults observed on the ground surface have been supposed to indicate longer subsurface in seismogenic layer. However, no concrete procedures proposed so far for modeling predicting strong motions. Hence, we surveyed several important research papers, and a procedure faults. Here, seismic moment M0 of 7.5×1025 dyne•cm was assumed as minimum size source case that any short were surface. The based asperity model, adopted by Headquaters Earthquake Research Promotion (2005) Japan....

During the 2011 off Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake, large response displacements were observed on upper floors in super high-rise buildings at sites far from earthquake source. These phenomena due to long-period and long-duration ground motions developed thick sedimentary basin. Since building responses strong are significantly influenced by value damping factor building, it is important do a quantitative estimation effects based recent data including for aseismic design. In this paper,...

We proposed a procedure to establish model of dynamic fault rupturing for predicting strong ground motions under the constraints by empirical relations among parameters surface and subsurface faults such as length, dislocation on surface, ruptured area, seismic moment, short-period level acceleration source spectrum. As an example, given depth seismogenic layer 4 18 km deep earthquake magnitude 7.2, we evaluated 14 rupturing. confirmed that results simulation based this satisfied adopted...

Abstract The 1976 Tangshan, China, earthquake of MS 7.8 killed 242,000 persons, seriously injured 164,000 and caused direct property losses totaling 8 billion Yuan Ren Min Bi (US $4.3 billion). Few investigations have been performed to estimate the characteristics strong ground motions in meizoseismal region this using either seismological or engineering approaches. In paper, observed far-field accelerograms mainshock are simulated by records second largest aftershock 6.9 as Green's...

The broadband strong motions by large magnitude subducting earthquakes need to be estimated accurately promote rational and effective earthquake resistant design of structures or plans for counter measures seismic disaster in urban area. We simulated the Tokyo metropolitan area during great 1923 Kanto hybrid method. distribution intensity calculated from fits ratio collapsed houses earthquake. From this result, motion time histories can applied disaster.

2. The 1979 lmperial Valiey Earthquake On October 15, 1979, the largest earthquake in Califor'nia past decade occurred oll Imperial fault near United States-Mexican berder.Aceording to U.S. GeoLogical Survey, locql-magnitude 6,6 event, whose epicenter was located northern Mexico, damaged structures and around town of El Centro, California, accompanied by surface movement on four zones.The caused an estimated $21,1 million damage injured 73 people, but no deaths were reported States.The...

Research Article| November 13, 2018 Validation of the New Procedures for Evaluating Parameters Crustal Earthquakes Caused by Long Faults Ground‐Motion Prediction Kazuo Dan; Dan aOhsaki Institute, Inc., Fukoku‐Seimei Building, 2‐2‐2 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda‐Ku, Tokyo 100‐0011, Japan, dan@ohsaki.co.jpdianshuju@ohsaki.co.jp Search other works this author on: GSW Google Scholar Dianshu Ju; Ju Hiroyuki Fujiwara; Fujiwara bNational Institute Earth Science and Disaster Resilience, 3‐1 Tennodai,...

Abstract For accurate evaluation of the impact earthquakes to structures in vicinity earthquake faults, it has been required develop appropriate calculation methods for short‐ and long‐period ground motions permanent displacements. The 2016 Kumamoto, Japan, provided these kinds records, several research papers have published propose reproducing or predicting them. I reviewed summarized probable evaluating fault parameters broadband‐period areas very close faults.

Abstract Short‐period ground motions from earthquakes are calculated by semiempirical methods such as the empirical Green's function method or stochastic method. In this review paper, I summarized source models developed for reproducing and predicting in theoretical at first, then reviewed applied to these about 40 years. Finally, showed some issues be solved modeling order predict accurate short‐period near‐fault regions.

Seismological-bedrock motions for the 1923 Kanto earthquake (M_<JMA> 7.9) in Tokyo Metropolitan area were simulated based on stochastic Green's functions S-waves (Boore, 1983; Satoh et al., 1994c) and a variable-slip rupture model (Wald Somerville, 1995). Engineering-bedrock also calculated with Basin (Sato 1999). Next, strong ground motion at JMA was surface-soil model, showing good agreement by an empirical function method (Dan Sato, 1998). Finally, isoseismal maps of peak velocities...

2016年熊本地震では地表地震断層が現れ, 断層近傍において永久変位が観測された.この断層近傍の永久変位を再現もしくは予測するためには, 現行の強震動予測のためのレシピでは考慮されていない地震発生層よりも浅い領域の破壊を考慮する方法が必要である.本論文では, 熊本地震を対象に, 現行のレシピを活かしつつ, 断層近傍の強震動および永久変位を再現できるような断層モデルの設定を試みた.その結果, レシピに基づく深部の震源断層モデルに, 大すべり域を有する浅部断層モデルを付加すれば, 断層近傍の地震観測点であるKiK-net益城および西原村小森における観測記録を比較的よく再現できることを示した.

The feature of great subduction plate-boundary earthquakes such as the 2011 off Pacifi c coast Tohoku, Japan, earthquake (MW 9.0) and 2004 Sumatra 9.1) is that short-period motions were generated on deeper part fault long-period shallower part. Hence, we compiled parameters past showed their scaling laws. Then, proposed a procedure for making consistent model both part, applied our new to large along Nankai trough West four examples models including several asperities. Based examples,...

We proposed a procedure of evaluating fault parameters for predicting strong motions from intra-slab earthquakes. First, we studied the regionality and depth dependency short-period spectral level found difference between Pacific Ocean plate Philippine Sea plate. Therefore three procedures to evaluate which could be applied arbitrary level. compared these in terms fitness ground motion evaluation results observed records applicability prediction. Finally, selected most appropriate motions....

This study is to propose a method evaluate cumulative damage of steel buildings under plural strong seismic actions. A series time history analyses on one degree-of-freedom non-linear system are conducted for three ground motions simulated Nagoya district. Comparing the results analyses, predict maximum and response values successive action from those single motion proposed. Time thirty (30) storied building models with without control systems verify proposed method. In addition,...