Artificial light exposure, particularly from blue-rich sources, has raised concerns about its impact on sleep and circadian rhythms. While blue light’s effects are well-documented, the comparative of longer wavelengths, such as orange (590–635 nm), remains underexplored. This study investigated 8 h (470–490 nm) exposures (500 lux) architecture in next consecutive three days Sprague-Dawley rats during or dark phase a 12:12 light–dark cycle. Sleep–wake states were assessed via...

Study Objective:Recently, the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD) has been focused on microglial activation, especially subsequent increase cytokines. A body clinical evidence suggests that sleep is altered in patients with PD; however, there a lack understanding basic cellular mechanism. This study was designed to elucidate influence brain interleukin (IL)-1β changes, addition dopaminergic and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic systems, an animal PD model.

Electroacupuncture (EA) possesses various therapeutic effects, including alleviation of pain, reduction inflammation and improvement sleep disturbance. The mechanisms EA on improvement, however, remain to be determined. It has been stated in ancient Chinese literature that the Anmian (EX17) acupoint is one trigger points alleviates insomnia. We previously demonstrated stimulation acupoints rats during dark period enhances non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, which involves induction...

Abstract Chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibits psychological abnormalities during fear memory processing in rodent models. To simulate long-term impaired extinction PTSD patients, we constructed a seven-day model with multiple prolonged (MPS) by modifying manipulation repetitions, intensity, and unpredictability of stressors. Behavioral neural changes following MPS conveyed longitudinal PTSD-like effects rats for 6 weeks. Extended was estimated through retrieval...

Clinical and experimental observations argue that sleep disturbances are common coexist in patients with epilepsy. Our previous have suggested neural-immune interactions between corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) interleukin-1 (IL-1) involved the regulation of physiological sleep-wake behavior. In present study, we determined involvement CRH IL-1 alteration activities rats when amygdala kindling was given either at beginning light period (light-onset kindling) or dark (dark-onset...

The positive effects of acupuncture at Feng-Chi acupoints on treating epilepsy and insomnia have been well-documented in ancient Chinese literature. However, there is a lack scientific evidence to elucidate the underlying mechanisms behind these effects. Our previous study demonstrated that high-frequency (100 Hz) electroacupuncture (EA) deteriorates both pilocarpine-induced focal sleep disruptions. This investigated low-frequency (10 EA epileptic activities epilepsy-induced In rats,...

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is acknowledged for its non-invasive modulation of neuronal activity in psychiatric disorders. However, application insomnia research yields varied outcomes depending on different tDCS types and patient conditions. Our primary objective to elucidate efficiency uncover the underlying mechanisms treatment. We hypothesized that anodal prefrontal cortex activates glutamatergic projections from infralimbic (IL) ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO)...

Controversial sleep disruptions (e.g., poor nighttime and daytime somnolence) are common in epilepsy patients. Sleep is known to be regulated by homeostatic factors, which mediate propensity, the circadian oscillator, a clocklike mechanism. However, it unknown how epileptic episodes that occur at different zeitgeber times (ZTs) alter regulation. This study was designed elucidate associated with their underlying mechanisms delivering kindled ZTs: ZT0, ZT6, ZT13.Kindled induced 3 ZTs,...

We previously demonstrated that seizure occurrences at different zeitgeber times alter sleep and circadian rhythm differently. On the other hand, synchronized delta wave of electroencephalogram (EEG) during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) facilitates while desynchronized EEG REM suppresses it. also elucidated unilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) anterior nucleus thalamus (ANT) recurrence. In present study, we intraperitoneally injected pentylenetetrazol (PTZ, 40 mg/kg) for consecutive 14...

Previous results demonstrated that 10 Hz electroacupuncture (EA) of Anmian acupoints in rats during the dark period enhances slow wave sleep (SWS), which involves induction cholinergic activity caudal nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and subsequent activation opioidergic neurons μ-receptors. Studies have shown different kinds endogenous opiate peptides receptors may mediate consequences EA with frequencies. Herein, we further elucidated high-frequency (100 Hz)-EA enhanced SWS but exhibited...

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is acknowledged for its non-invasive modulation of neuronal activity in psychiatric disorders. However, application insomnia research yields varied outcomes depending on different tDCS types and patient conditions. Our primary objective to elucidate efficiency uncover the underlying mechanisms treatment. We hypothesized that anodal prefrontal cortex activates glutaminergic projections from infralimbic (IL) ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO)...

Abstract Background Clinical and experimental evidence demonstrates that sleep epilepsy reciprocally affect each other. Previous studies indicated alters homeostasis; in contrast, disturbance deteriorates epilepsy. If a therapy possesses both suppression improvement, it would be the priority choice for seizure control. Effects of acupuncture Feng-Chi (GB20) acupoints on insomnia treatment have been documented ancient Chinese literature, Lingshu Jing (Classic Miraculous Pivot). Therefore,...

Ancient Chinese literature has documented that acupuncture possesses efficient therapeutic effects on epilepsy and insomnia. There is, however, little research to reveal the possible mechanisms behind these effects. To investigate effect of sleep, several issues need be addressed. The first is identify acupoints, which correspond between humans, rats, mice. Furthermore, depth insertion needle, degree needle twist in manual acupuncture, stimulation parameters for electroacupuncture (EA)...