Abstract Dendritic branching was evaluated in the visual cortex of 8 children with Down's syndrome and 10 controls, ranging age from 4 months to 7 years divided into infantile, late‐infantile, juvenile groups. Camera lucida drawings Golgi‐impregnated neurons were used for examining following dendritic aspects: intersections as a function distance cell body, point maximum branching, number branch orders, total segments, length. The length above normal infantile period (6 old or less) dropped...

Gliosis is increased in the respiratory control area of brainstem victims sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), as it infants who have died congenital heart disease. In latter, lesions appear to result from hypoxia or ischemia, and studies microvasculature SIDS indicated a close relationship between gliosis adjacent vasculature. It postulated that cerebral hypoperfusion may play role SIDS.

The findings at autopsy were correlated with the computed tomographic (CT) diagnosis in 90 neonates that had suffered perinatal hypoxia and CT within 10 days before autopsy. was accurate of supratentorial hemorrhage whether it subependymal, intraventricular, or intracerebral. Infratentorial difficult to detect localize accuracy. Correlation between areas hypodense brain tissue seen on ischemic damage other than poor. Diagnosis generalized cerebral edema by CT, however, very good.

The clinicopathologic effects of intravenously administered purified verocytotoxin 1 (VT1; Shiga-like toxin 1) in 2-kg male rabbits was studied. 50% lethal dose 0.2 micrograms protein per kg body weight (2 x 10(4) cytotoxic doses kg). clinical features included nonbloody diarrhea and a progressive flaccid paresis, usually culminating death. histopathology characterized by edema hemorrhage the mucosa submucosa cecum edema, hemorrhage, neuronal necrosis brain gray matter spinal cord....

In a review of 48 children who underwent temporal lobectomy for lobe epilepsy, 16 patients had mass lesions in the lobe. These consisted 12 tumors, 3 vascular malformations, and 1 arachnoid cyst. 9 10 where hippocampus was present pathological specimen not involved by tumor, there concomitant mesial sclerosis. All have been followed more than year. Nine are free seizures, with 4 these still on medication. Seven greater 50% reduction seizures.

To establish the incidence of muscle weakness in critically ill children.Neuromuscular examinations were performed 830 children without identified antecedent or acute neuromuscular disease (age 3 months to 17 years 11 months) admitted for >24 hours a pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) over 1-year period.Fourteen (1.7%) patients had generalized weakness. Four failed repeated attempts extubate. Multiple organ dysfunction occurred and sepsis 9. Most received corticosteroids, blocking agents,...

In 21.6% of infants who died sudden infant death syndrome, the cerebral white matter showed areas leukomalacia. Of those with congenital heart disease, 24.8% had lesions, whereas 4.4% from known acute causes lesions. The sites subcortical or periventricular, seem to be related age infant.

A renaissance of the Golgi impregnation method has focused interest on dendritic aspects neuronal development. The visual cortices 39 "neurologically normal" infants from 14 weeks' gestation to 6 months age were prepared at postmortem for rapid studies. These stained and duplicated with camera lucida drawings. total number cells in defined columns cortex was counted cresyl violet-stained sections, differentiated neurons identified. spines apical basal dendrites selected a given interval...

Seven neonates with arteriovenous malformation of the vein Galen are described. Six presented cyanotic heart failure. Two cases had antenatal cerebral infarction, five periventricular leukomalacia, and three recent haemorrhagic infarction. Cerebral damage due to suggests that surgical correction offers little neonates, though after neonatal period individuals can be cured by operation.

Catecholaminergic neurons were characterized by reaction with antiserum to tyrosine hydroxylase, shape and location dendritic ramifications. In this population of cells in the ventrolateral medulla (VLM), spines fusiform triangular increased gestational age rapidly diminished after birth. However, SIDS, persisted notably VLM but also reticular formation vagal nuclei. These findings suggest a delay neuronal maturation may be related developmental disorders respiratory, circulatory or...

Morphological and morphometrical development of the neurons in medullary reticular formation was observed control, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) prematurely born infants, using Golgi stains. With increasing gestational age, controls dendrites became long, spines increased distribution assumed a mature pattern. The number reached peak at 34 to 36 weeks gestation after birth it decreased rapidly. Term SIDS infants showed persistence dendritic spines. On other hand, ventilator-dependent...

We made a pathologic diagnosis of chronic encephalitis on surgical resections or autopsy material in 10 patients with intractable seizures and studied the specimens by immunohistochemistry for herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 2 cytomegalovirus (CMV) as well polymerase chain reaction (PCR) viral DNA sequences (HSV1, HSV2, CMV). also assessed eight (nonepileptic) pathologically documented clinically suspected five from epileptics without encephalitis. Immunohistochemistry antigens was negative all...

Protein tyrosine phosphorylation is a key event in diverse intracellular signaling pathways and has been implicated modification of neuronal functioning. We investigated the role regulating type A GABA (GABA ) receptors cultured CNS neurons. Extracellular application genistein (50 μ m ), membrane-permeable inhibitor protein kinases (PTKs), produced reversible reduction amplitude receptor-mediated whole-cell currents, this effect was not reproduced by daidzein an inactive analog genistein. In...

The basal ganglia from 33 patients (all over one year of age) with Down9s syndrome were examined pathologically. Forty-five per cent had calcification. Basal calcification was localised to a constant area globus pallidus and became more prominent increased age. Calcification amyloid degeneration the adjacent blood vessels present. proximity abnormal suggests pathogenetic relationship.

Six of 81 (7.4%) patients with medically intractable epilepsy treated by selective cortical excision at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada, since 1974 were found to have inflammatory changes in the excised specimens cerebral cortex. clinical and histopathological findings these cases resemble chronic encephalitic syndrome described Rasmussen. We confirm unsatisfactory seizure control guarded neurological intellectual prognosis that has been associated Rasmussen syndrome.

Purines are critical for energy metabolism, cell signalling and reproduction. Nevertheless, little is known about the regulation of this essential biochemical pathway during mammalian development. In humans, second, third fifth steps de novo purine biosynthesis catalyzed by a trifunctional protein with glycinamide ribonucleotide synthetase (GARS), aminoimidazole (AIRS) formyltransferase (GART) enzymatic activities. The gene encoding located on chromosome 21. enzyme catalyzing intervening...

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Balloon cells are a key feature of tuberous sclerosis (TS) but also seen in focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). The authors compare the clinical and MRI characteristics children with medically refractory localization-related epilepsy who were found to have balloon on histology after resections. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective review data cases ascertained from search pathology records 1990 until 2000 for those diagnosis FCD or TS. Seventeen patients identified...

Chronic hypoventilation is important in the pathogenesis of congenital syndromes and sudden infant death syndrome. Cases can be divided clinically into those with a defective respiratory drive mechanical impairment either lungs or chest wall. To determine relationship between chronic brain stem gliosis, development astrocytes normal abnormal cases type was studied morphometrically. The glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoperoxidase method staining showed transient increase some parts...

MR imaging of the knee in sagittal projection: comparison three-dimensional gradient-echo and spin-echo sequencesJD Reeder, SO Matz, L Becker SM AndelmanAudio Available | Share