The Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) prefers the cascaded integral system for a convenient design or better control effect and takes it as typical form. However, state variables of practical do not necessarily have relationship. Therefore, this paper proposes an algebraic substitution method its structure, which can convert noncascaded PID into adjusting parameters ADRC controller are also demonstrated. Meanwhile, numerical example oscillation flexible arm demonstrated to show...

With the unprecedented development of green and renewable energy sources, proportion clean hydrogen (H2) applications grows rapidly. Since H2 has physicochemical properties being highly permeable combustible, high-performance sensors to detect monitor concentration are essential. This review discusses a variety fiber-optic-based sensor technologies since year 1984, including: interferometer technology, fiber grating surface plasma resonance (SPR) micro lens evanescent field integrated...

Because fuel efficiency is significantly affected by the timing of combustion in internal engines, accurate control phasing critical. In this paper, a nonlinear model introduced and calibrated, both feedforward model–based strategy an adaptive are investigated for control. The combines knock integral model, burn duration Wiebe function to predict diesel engine. This simplified be more suitable calibrated validated using simulations experimental data that include conditions with high exhaust...

Dual fuel engines can achieve high efficiencies and low emissions but also encounter cylinder-to-cylinder variations on multi-cylinder engines. In order to avoid these variations, they require a more complex method for combustion phasing control such as model-based control. Since the process in is complex, typical models of this system are well there need simpler, computationally efficient, control-oriented dual process. paper, mean-value model designed. Combustion predicted using knock...

Accurate control of combustion phasing is indispensable for diesel engines due to the strong impact timing on efficiency. In this work, a non-linear model developed and integrated with cylinder-specific intake gas. The uses knock integral model, burn duration Wiebe function predict CA50 (the crank angle at which 50% mass fuel has burned). Meanwhile, gas property predicts EGR fraction in-cylinder pressure temperature valve closing (IVC) different cylinders. As such, cylinder-to-cylinder...

Dual-fuel engines can achieve high efficiencies and low emissions but also encounter cylinder-to-cylinder variations on multicylinder engines. In order to avoid these variations, they require a more complex method for combustion phasing control such as model-based control. Since the process in is complex, typical models of system are well there need simpler, computationally efficient, control-oriented dual-fuel process. this paper, mean-value model designed calibrated, two strategies...

Amphibious spherical robot moving in a confined space or turbid water must have an effective motion control device and optimized algorithms. This paper proposed strategy for two amphibious robots order to maintain long time-parameterized path when the is underwater. Inspired by biological phenomenon, this designs artificial cooperative mode robots. The method based on underwater environment we also take detailed mechanical analysis of thrust device, so direction can be adjusted real time...

Underwater robots provide great possibilities for people to detect the marine environment. Robots need keep moving stability, ensure safety of robot during movement. A novel spherical underwater (SUR V) with hybrid propulsion devices that divided into two parts- vectored water-jet and propeller thrusters. camera is added at monitor environments. To analyze motion characteristics SUR V, computational simulation calculated in ADAMS ANSYS CFX respectively. The results verify performance...

The detection of human immunoglobulin G (human IgG) provides crucial evidence in diagnosis infectious diseases and monitoring therapeutic effects. Here, we propose a plasmonic fiber-optical surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor to realize the ultralow limit IgG detection. proposed is fabricated by attaching mixture 2H-MoS2 nanosheets with L-cysteine on gold-coated tilted fiber Bragg grating. possesses large specific area, where can enhance stability antibody modification. composite...

Attitude control adjustment of the Amphibious Spherical Robot (ASR) moving on-land is a relatively mature technology, but there are few related types research on Multi- Degree-of-Freedom (MDOF) for underwater attitude algorithm. This paper developed novel structure to motion posture and proposed fuzzy algorithm internal water tank level so that robot can realize function floating diving. The especially based environment we also take detailed mechanical analysis structure, direction be...

Using Etched tilted fiber Bragg grating and coated crystal violet / perfluoric acid composite film, a humidity sensor was developed from 10% to 80% RH with sensitivity of 0.06 dB/% RH.

In this paper, the lifting platform structure of father robot and development insect-inspired biomimetic underwater microrobot are presented. The objective is to decrease load realize more functions. previous researchers, fixed, which not conducive adopt release son robot. can effectively solve problem in theory. used wood has high hydrophilism. It causes body increased weight short-term works. fillable with waterproof character made by a 3D printer. new also be changed for achieving...

Because of its high NOx reduction efficiency, selective catalyst (SCR) has become an indispensable part diesel vehicle aftertreatment. This paper presents a control strategy for SCR systems that is based on on-line radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) and backpropagation (BPNN). In this structure, the employed as estimator to provide Jacobian information controller; utilized controller, which dictates appropriate urea-solution be injected into system. design tested by simulations in...

Diesel engines can operate with high efficiencies, but this efficient operation is contingent on proper combustion phasing control. As engine complexity increases, model-based control of becoming more essential. Such a method requires an model that predict metrics based factors such as speed, injection timings and fuel equivalence ratio. A mean-value control-oriented diesel presented in paper. This combines knock integral model, burn duration prediction Wiebe function to estimate the engine....

This paper presents a novel cadmium ion sensor that utilizes tilted fiber Bragg grating functionalized by glutathione. Gold nanoparticles are used to amplify localized refractive index changes. The limit of detection is 0.07 nM.

An optimal combustion phasing leads to a high efficiency and low carbon emissions in diesel engines. With the increasing complexity of engines, model-based control is becoming indispensable, but precise prediction required for such strategies. Since cylinder-to-cylinder variations can be more significant with advanced techniques, this work focuses on developing control-oriented model that leveraged provide cylinder-specific estimates. The pressure temperature intake gas reaching each...

The desire to meet rising energy demands while simultaneously adhering stringent climate policies has propelled advanced combustion technologies and alternative fuels. Natural gas (NG) is an attractive, domestically-available that been shown achieve high efficiencies when used on dual fuel engines. However, the composition of NG can vary significantly depending source these variations may detrimentally impact engine operation. To study effects, a simulation model was developed calibrated...

Because fuel efficiency is significantly impacted by the timing of combustion in internal engines, accurate control phasing critical. In this paper, a nonlinear model introduced and calibrated, both feedforward model-based strategy an adaptive are investigated for control. The combines knock integral model, burn duration Wiebe function to predict diesel engine. This simplified be more suitable calibrated validated using simulations experimental data that include conditions with high exhaust...