A5103273544- Fusion materials and technologies
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Engineering Applied Research
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Optical Systems and Laser Technology
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Boron Compounds in Chemistry
- Radiation Effects in Electronics
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
ENN (China)
2024
ENN Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. (ENN) is committed to generating fusion energy in an environmentally friendly cost-effective manner, which requires abundant aneutronic fuel. Proton-boron (p-11B or p-B) considered ideal choice for this purpose. Recent studies have suggested that p-B fusion, although challenging, feasible based on new cross section data, provided a hot ion mode high wall reflection can be achieved reduce electron radiation loss. The beta good confinement of...
Abstract EHL-2 spherical torus (ST) is one of the key steps p- 11 B (proton-boron or hydrogen-boron) fusion energy research in ENN. The produced carried mainly by alpha particles average 3 MeV, which ideally can be converted to electricity with high efficiency (> 80%). However, there exist serious difficulties realize such conversion a device, due density and voltage required. To comprehensively describe progress physics design, this work presents preliminary considerations approaches for...
Abstract The EHL-2 (ENN He-Long 2) spherical torus (ST) project focuses on advancing technology to address the unique challenges of p-11b fusion, which demands significantly higher ion temperature and heat flux divertor plate compared traditional deuterium-tritium fusion. With a major radius 1.05 m plasma current 3 MA, aims evaluate optimize advanced configurations, specifically Super-X X-point target divertors (XPT). design incorporates an up-down double null configuration featuring...
XuanLong-50 (EXL-50) is the first medium-size spherical torus (ST) in China, with toroidal field at major radius 50 cm around 0.5T. CS-free and non-inductive current drive via electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) was main physics research issue for EXL-50. Discharges plasma currents of kA - 180 were routinely obtained EXL-50, flattop sustained up to or beyond 2 s. The effectiveness on EXL-50 as high 1 A/W low-density discharges using 28GHz ECRH alone power less than 200 kW. reached...
Abstract This paper analyses fast ion losses in the EHL-2 fusion device, focusing on both beam ions and alpha particles as p 11 B reaction products. Using Monte Carlo orbit-following code TGCO, we evaluate particle confinement under various operational scenarios, including co-injected tangential neutral injection at energies of 60 keV, 80 200 keV. Our simulations estimate heat load driven by lost find it to be within acceptable material limits for a plasma current order mega-amperes....
Abstract The proton–boron ${}^{11}{\text{B}}\left( {p,\alpha } \right)2\alpha $ reaction (p- 11 B) is an interesting alternative to the D-T ${\text{D}}\left( {{\text{T}},{\text{n}}} \right)\alpha for fusion energy, since primary channel aneutronic and all partners are stable isotopes. We measured α production yield using protons in 120–260 keV energy range impinging onto a hydrogen–boron-mixed target, first time present experimental evidence of increase -particle relative pure boron target....
Abstract ENN is planning the next generation experimental device EHL-2 with goal to verify thermal reaction rates of p-11B fusion, establish spherical torus/tokamak scaling laws at 10's keV ion temperature, and provide a design basis succeeding experiment aiming test achieve fusion burning plasma. Based on 0-dimential system 1.5-dimentional transport modelling analyses, main target parameters have been basically determined, including plasma major radius, R0, 1.05 m, aspect ratio, A, 1.85,...
Abstract This paper presents the first comprehensive simulation study of p-11B fusion reactions in a spherical torus. We developed relevant program modules for based on energetic particle frameworks and analyzed two main channels: thermal beam-thermal. Using EHL-2 design parameters with n_boron=0.07n_ion hydrogen beam at 200 keV 1MW, our indicates that produce approximately 1.5×10^15 α particles per second (~0.7 kW) from channel, 5.3×10^14 (~0.25 beam-thermal channel. conducted parameter...
Abstract The EXL-50U is China's first large spherical torus device with a toroidal field reaching 1T. major radius of the ranges from 0.6m to 0.8m, an aspect ratio 1.4 1.8. goal plasma current in experimental phase 500 kA, and future second phase, 1 MA. On project, ENN fusion team expeditiously accomplished series comprehensive tasks including physical engineering design, main component construction installation, system commissioning, all within mere eighteen-month timeframe. In experiments...
Abstract The EHL-2 spherical torus is designed to demonstrate proton-boron fusion within a compact tokamak. Its planned heating system includes negative ion-based neutral beam injection (N-NBI), two positive NBI systems (P-NBI), electron cyclotron resonance (ECRH), ion (ICRH), and high harmonic fast wave (HHFW), with total power output of 31 MW. According scaling law estimates, the device capable achieving H-mode operation. plasma density, $n_{e,min}$, at minimum L-H threshold, $P_{LH}$,...