A5026272719- Climate variability and models
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
- Mobile Learning in Education
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Historical Economic and Social Studies
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Law, logistics, and international trade
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Counseling, Therapy, and Family Dynamics
- International Law and Aviation
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Open Education and E-Learning
- Historical Geography and Cartography
- Library Collection Development and Digital Resources
University of East Anglia
2005-2024
University of Reading
2024
Public Media Alliance
2021-2024
University of Waikato
2017-2022
Norwich Research Park
2018
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
2012
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
2010
University of Sunderland
2004
National Maritime Museum
2004
Historical reanalyses that span more than a century are needed for wide range of studies, from understanding large‐scale climate trends to diagnosing the impacts individual historical extreme weather events. The Twentieth Century Reanalysis (20CR) Project is an effort fill this need. It supported by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Cooperative Institute Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), U.S. Department Energy (DOE), facilitated collaboration with...
Abstract Release 2.5 of the International Comprehensive Ocean‐Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) is a major update (covering 1662–2007) world's most extensive surface marine meteorological data collection. Building on national and international partnerships, many new improved contributing datasets have been processed into uniform format combined with previous 2.4. The range from early non‐instrumental ship observations to measurements initiated in twentieth century buoys other automated platform...
Abstract The performance of a new historical reanalysis, the NOAA–CIRES–DOE Twentieth Century Reanalysis version 3 (20CRv3), is evaluated via comparisons with other reanalyses and independent observations. This dataset provides global, 3-hourly estimates atmosphere from 1806 to 2015 by assimilating only surface pressure observations prescribing sea temperature, ice concentration, radiative forcings. Comparisons observations, reanalyses, satellite products suggest that 20CRv3 can reliably...
Abstract Quantitative approaches to climate risk management such as mapping or impact modelling rely on past meteorological data with daily sub‐daily resolution, a large fraction of which have not yet been digitized. Over the last decade so, number projects contributed rescue some these data. Here we provide summary survey undertaken several and projects, in order identify needs services. To make efforts more sustainable, additional integrated activities are needed. We argue that must be...
Abstract Global dynamical reanalyses of the atmosphere and ocean fundamentally rely on observations, not just for assimilation (i.e., definition state Earth system components) but also in many other steps along production chain. Observations are used to constrain model boundary conditions, calibration or uncertainty determination evaluation data products. This requires major efforts, including rescue (for historical observations), management (including metadatabases), compilation quality...
Abstract The exponential growth in the use of digital technologies and availability mobile software applications (apps) has been well documented over past decade. Literature on integration technology into higher education reveals an increasing focus how devices are used within classroom environment, both physical online, rather than may be for either teaching or research process. Our study surveyed staff degree students at a New Zealand university using online questionnaire to gain insight...
The rescue, digitization, quality control, preservation, and utilization of long high meteorological climate records, particularly related to historical marine data, are crucial for advancing our understanding the Earth’s system. In combination with land air measurements, records serve as foundational pillars in linking present past weather information, offering essential insights into natural variability, extreme events areas, baseline data assessing current changes, inputs enhancing...
Abstract. The current assessment that twentieth-century global temperature change is unusual in the context of last thousand years relies on estimates changes from natural proxies (tree-rings, ice-cores, etc.) and climate model simulations. Confidence such limited by difficulties calibrating systematic differences between proxy reconstructions As difference extends into relatively recent period early nineteenth century it possible to compare them with a reliable instrumental estimate over...
Abstract The RECovery of Logbooks and International Marine data (RECLAIM) project is a concerted, international effort to facilitate encourage the recovery—through imaging digitisation—of archived marine weather observations, platform instrumental metadata historical documentation, from many different countries. Non‐instrumental observations wind have been recorded in ships' logbooks for hundreds years, augmented by systematic sea surface air temperatures, barometric pressure other...
Weather observations are vital for climate change monitoring and prediction. For the world's oceans, there many meteorological oceanographic available back to mid-twentieth century, but coverage is limited in earlier periods, particularly also during two world wars. Before 1850 currently very few instrumental available. Consequently, detailed observational estimates of surface can be made only mid-nineteenth century. To improve extend this early coverage, scientists need more from these...
Ships' logbooks have been preserved in archives of different European countries. This paper reviews how their records provide reliable information relevant to meteorology and climatology, extending the observational record back at least early 18th century. allows describing weather during historical events, improving knowledge on hurricanes or unveiling multidecadal variability previously unsuspected, such as steady enhancement Australian monsoon, high atmospheric circulation over...
Daily weather reconstructions (called "reanalyses") can help improve our understanding of meteorology and long-term climate changes. Adding undigitized historical observations to the datasets that underpin reanalyses is desirable; however, time requirements capture those data from a range archives usually limited. Southern Weather Discovery citizen science rescue project recovered tabulated handwritten meteorological ship log books land-based stations spanning New Zealand, Ocean, Antarctica....
(2004). FROM CALM TO STORM: THE ORIGINS OF BEAUFORT WIND SCALE. The Mariner's Mirror: Vol. 90, No. 2, pp. 187-201.
Abstract Tropical cyclone (TC) activities over the western North Pacific (WNP) and TC landfall in Japan are investigated by collecting historical track data meteorological observation starting from mid-nineteenth century. Historical best merged WNP 1884 to 2018. The quality of is not sufficient count numbers due lack spatial coverage different criteria before 1950s. We focus on using a combination observed at weather stations lighthouses 1877 2019. A unified definition applied obtain...
Abstract. The climate of the early nineteenth century is likely to have been significantly cooler than that today, as it was a period low solar activity (the Dalton minimum) and followed series large volcanic eruptions. Proxy reconstructions temperature do not agree well on size change, so other observational records from are particularly valuable. Weather observations extracted reports noted whaling captain William Scoresby Jr., Royal Navy expeditions Arctic, preserved in UK National...
The rescue, digitisation, quality control, preservation and utilization of long high meteorological climate records, particularly related to historical marine data, are crucial for advancing our understanding the Earth's system. In combination with land air measurements, records serve as foundational pillars in linking present past weather information, offering essential insights into natural variability, extreme events areas, baseline data assessing current changes, inputs...
Abstract. Global surface air temperature increased by ca. 0.5 °C from the 1900s to mid-1940s, also known as Early 20th Century Warming (ETCW). However, ETCW started a particularly cold phase, peaking in 1908–1911. The phase was global but more pronounced Southern Hemisphere than Northern and most Ocean, raising question of whether uncertainties data might play role. Here we analyse this period based on reanalysis reconstructions, complemented with newly digitised ship 1903–1916, well land...
Abstract Maritime historical documentary sources of weather and state sea surface including ice can aid in filling a known climate knowledge gap for the Southern Ocean Antarctica first half 20th century. This study presents data set marine climate, icebergs recovered from collection logbooks mainly Norwegian whaling factory ships that operated during 1929–1940. The comprises some 8000 4000 ice/open records austral summers period. paper further discusses structure content most common maritime...