Along with the increased usage of lithium‐ion batteries and their development in energy densities, safety issues arise that have to be investigated. The most serious battery event is called thermal runaway. Herein, a chemical runaway model ten decomposition reactions developed. It coupled simulations order predict temperature curves as well amount composition released gases during Simulations are validated by abuse experiments an autoclave. Detailed measurements gas analysis included....

Employing Bessel beams in imaging takes advantage of their self-reconstructing properties to achieve small focal points while maintaining a large depth focus. are efficiently generated using axicons, and utility scanning systems, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), has been demonstrated. As these systems miniaturized allow, for example, endoscopic implementations, micro-axicons required assure the maintenance We demonstrate here design, fabrication, application molded use...

Most battery cells are developed according to a standard design and optimized regarding their electrical properties. However, firstly, there is demand for an individual cell adapted the application. Secondly, additional properties, example, thermal mechanical, decisive behavior should be considered in overall design. Therefore, present work introduces model-based development tool holistic of format-flexible cells, which future application, allowing different geometries within one system. The...

Extremely compact hard magnetic micromirrors are realized using a combination of silicon and polymer microelectromechanical systems technologies. Due to their properties, the mirrors may achieve high deflection angles with application very low fields, few microteslas, which be generated by means miniaturized microcoils. Since no electrical wiring is required for mirrors, they mounted on rotating platforms thus used complete circumferential scanning, as required, example, in optical...

A miniaturized optical bench, based on silicon micromachining and with high modularity flexibility, is presented. This microsystem integrates optics, fluidics, high-precision mechanics, focal length tunable lenses allows the realization of numerous arrangements, such as telephoto retrofocus systems. Due to its dimensions, technology may be used for designing a variety endoscopic imaging probes, including those coherence tomography. As measuring beam can dynamically adapted surroundings...

Based on an advanced silicon optical bench technology with integrated MOEMS (Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical-System) components, a piezo-driven fiber scanner for confocal microscopy has been developed. This highly-miniaturized allows integration into endoscope total outer probe diameter of 2.5 mm. The system features hydraulically-driven varifocal lens providing axial scanning without any translational movement components. demonstrated resolutions are 1.7 μm laterally and 19 axially.

The importance of accounting for gas generation when modelling battery thermal runaway is investigated.

The design, fabrication and detailed characterization of a fully electroplated, magnetostatic low-cost MEMS scanning mirror are presented. By electroplating bright nickel on sacrificial substrate, robust soft-magnetic micromirrors may be fabricated. technology is simpler cheaper than the standard process using bulk silicon micromachining silicon-on-insulator wafers for fabricating scanners. presented Ni mirrors exhibit deflection angles ±7° at resonance small external magnetic fields...

Two fully integrated optical microprobes, based on an advanced silicon bench (SiOB) technology, are developed for endoscopic OCT (optical coherence tomography). The probes incorporate diverse components and scan mechanics, such as magnetostatic micromirrors rotating prisms, to realize linear side-looking rotational scanning. outer diameter of the assembled systems is below 2.75 mm allowing integration into 3mm working channels commercial endoscopes.

A novel implantable sensor for continuous long-term monitoring of various cardiovascular parameters is presented. An optical arterial blood oxygen saturation and a piezoelectric pressure have been developed using silicone-based fabrication technology. elastic silicone stripe houses the sensors wrapped around an vessel. Due to this choice soft material, no necking vessel or influence on flow occur even at large dilatations 10%. The pulse oximetric able measure saturations in physiologically...

A novel implantable optical sensor for continuous long-term monitoring of arterial oxygen saturation and tissue perfusion is introduced. The photoplethysmo-graphic multi-wavelength with optoelectronic components mounted onto a flexible substrate encapsulated in biocompatible silicone attached to well-perfused intrathoracic or directly organ surfaces. proof-of-principle could be shown by first measurements carried out on custom-developed artificial vivo finger-tip as well domestic pig.

We present a novel implantable, but extravascular, optical sensor for continuous long-term monitoring of vital medical parameters such as arterial blood oxygen saturation, pulse and respiratory frequencies. The biocompatible uses silicone-based manufacturing technique. It consists two elastic silicone stripes that house the optoelectronic devices. These flexible can be wrapped around an vessel without constricting or influencing flow - even at large dilatations 10%. In vivo experiments on...

An ultra-compact magnetically actuated micromirror with a polymeric hard magnetic layer on its back-side is developed for use in an endoscopic probe. This novel construction yields high deflection angles at extremely low fields which can be generated by separate actuation coil. As no direct electrical connection required operating the micromirror, it mounted rotating platform and used tubular scanning of interior body passageways or blood vessels.

We present an endoscopic probe with a forward-looking piezoelectric fiber scanner for confocal optical imaging. The probe, outer diameter of 2.5 mm and length 13 mm, features tunable lens to allow depth scanning up 100 μm without any movable optics or stages. Imaging below 2 lateral, 20 axial resolution was successfully demonstrated.

Thermal propagation in Li-ion battery systems is affected by a wide range of influencing factors including chemical cell properties as well thermal transport phenomena. Due to the dependence on surroundings it crucial regard entire system peripheral components when assessing runaway and risks. This study proposes simulation-based approach support design dimensioning potential safety measures. It based model for decomposition reactions combined with 3D simulations. applied exemplary ten pack...

A highly flexible tunable optical micro-system has been developed and characterized for its use in endoscopic optics, such as coherence tomography (OCT). By using two individually lenses, various arrangements can easily be realized, allowing great variability beam shaping. This innovative approach surpasses common optics terms of flexibility, the measuring adapted to surrounding tissue at any time.

An optical and fluidic micro-bench with integrated liquid-filled tunable micro-lenses is developed for an endoscopic probe. This novel approach offers not only dynamic focussing, but also a greatly increased working range biomedical imaging. The fabrication assembly method highly precise flexible can be used designing probes high functionality.

We theoretically study the frictional damping of a small probe object on coated planar surface, analyzing resulting phonon modes via theory viscoelasticity. Three different types excitations are found to contribute friction in distinct ways: traveling (3D) spherical waves, (2D) surface and evanescent waves. While waves transport energy away from probe, determined by long range elastic properties (wavelength), transform into heat near-field range, characterized size probe. Thus, fundamentally...

We present the combination of high speed video monitoring, force measurement and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) as a new method for characterization liquid jets needle-free tissue injection applications. It is well known that physical parameters, such jet velocity diameter determine penetration characteristics micro-jets into specific [1]. The optimum parameters vary significantly different types tissues. Therefore, we have used monitoring sensor measurements to characterize jet. then...

Abstract Background: Vaccination rates for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio (Tdap-IPV) are not optimal in German adolescents. Education combination with easy access vaccination may be a promising approach to improve rates. In planned cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT), we aim at improving MMR Tdap-IPV together knowledge self-efficacy school setting, the present paper describes pilot study of this trial. Methods: Within study, 863 students from...