Quantum error correction below the surface code threshold
Code (set theory)
DOI:
10.48550/arxiv.2408.13687
Publication Date:
2024-08-24
AUTHORS (249)
ABSTRACT
Quantum error correction provides a path to reach practical quantum computing by combining multiple physical qubits into logical qubit, where the rate is suppressed exponentially as more are added. However, this exponential suppression only occurs if below critical threshold. In work, we present two surface code memories operating threshold: distance-7 and distance-5 integrated with real-time decoder. The of our larger memory factor $\Lambda$ = 2.14 $\pm$ 0.02 when increasing distance two, culminating in 101-qubit 0.143% 0.003% per cycle correction. This also beyond break-even, exceeding its best qubit's lifetime 2.4 0.3. We maintain below-threshold performance decoding real time, achieving an average decoder latency 63 $\mu$s at up million cycles, time 1.1 $\mu$s. To probe limits error-correction performance, run repetition codes distance-29 find that limited rare correlated events occurring approximately once every hour, or 3 $\times$ 10$^9$ cycles. Our results device that, scaled, could realize operational requirements large scale fault-tolerant algorithms.
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