Abstract In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), AI has been promoted as a potential means of strengthening healthcare systems by growing number publications. We aimed to evaluate the scope nature technologies in specific context LMICs. this systematic scoping review, we used broad variety search terms. Our literature included records published between 1st January 2009 30th September 2021 from Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Global Health APA PsycInfo databases, grey Google Scholar search....

In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) the disease burden of chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) is rising considerably. Given weaknesses in existing financial arrangements across SSA, expenditure on CNCDs often borne directly by patients through out-of-pocket (OOP) payments. This study explored patterns and determinants OOP Malawi. We used data from first round a longitudinal household health survey conducted 2012 sample 1199 households three rural districts two-part model to analyze CNCDs. 475...

Poor and marginalized segments of society often display the worst health status due to limited access enhancing interventions. It follows that in order enhance entire populations, inequities care services need be addressed as an inherent element any effort targeting Universal Health Coverage. In line with this observation generate evidence on equity quo sub-Saharan Africa, we assessed magnitude their determinants coverage maternal Burkina Faso. We for three basic (at least four antenatal...

Evidence from population-based studies on the economic burden imposed by chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) is still sparse in Sub-Saharan Africa. Our study aimed to fill this existing gap knowledge estimating both household direct, indirect, and total costs incurred due CNCDs households bear as a result of these Malawi. The used data first round longitudinal health survey conducted 2012 three rural districts A cost-of-illness method was applied estimate CNCDs. Indicators catastrophic...

Performance-based financing (PBF) is assumed to improve health care delivery by motivating workers enhance their work performance. However, the exact motivational mechanisms through which PBF produce such changes are poorly understood date. Although increasingly recognized as a complex systems intervention, its effect for individual still often reduced financial 'carrots and sticks' in literature discourse. Aiming contribute development of more comprehensive understanding mechanisms, we...

Malawi is facing a rising chronic non-communicable disease (CNCD) epidemic. This study explored health seeking behaviour and related expenditure on CNCDs in rural Malawi, with specific focus detecting potential differences across population groups. We used data from the first round of panel household survey conducted between August October 2012 sample 1199 households. Multinomial logistic regression was to analyse factors associated choices for CNCDs, distinguishing no care, informal care...

In this article we present a study design to evaluate the causal impact of providing supply-side performance-based financing incentives in combination with demand-side cash transfer component on equitable access and quality maternal neonatal healthcare services. This intervention is introduced selected emergency obstetric care facilities catchment area populations four districts Malawi. We here describe discuss our protocol regard research aims, local implementation context, rationale for...

Abstract Background Monitoring financial protection is a key component in achieving Universal Health Coverage, even for health systems that grant their citizens access to care free-of-charge. Our study investigated out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) on curative healthcare services and determinants rural Malawi, country has consistently aimed at providing free services. Methods used data from two consecutive rounds of household survey conducted 2012 2013 among 1639 households three districts...

Abstract Objective To identify factors associated with delivery outside a health facility in rural Malawi. Method A cross‐sectional survey was conducted Balaka, Dedza, Mchinji and Ntcheu districts Malawi 2013 among women who had completed pregnancy 12 months prior to the day of survey. Multilevel logistic regression used assess facility. Results Of 1812 study respondents, 9% ( n = 159) reported have delivered Unmarried were significantly more likely [ OR 1.88; 95% CI (1.086–3.173)] deliver...

In spite of high prevalence rates, little is known about health seeking and related expenditure for chronic non-communicable diseases in low-income countries. We assessed relevant patterns out-of-pocket Bangladesh.We used data from a household survey 2500 households conducted 2013 Rangpur district. employed multinomial logistic regression to assess factors associated with choices (no care or self-care, semi-qualified professional care, qualified care). descriptive statistics (5% trimmed mean...

Background A variety of clinical process indicators exists to measure the quality care provided by maternal and neonatal health (MNH) programs. To allow comparison across MNH programs in low- middle-income countries (LMICs), a core set essential is needed. Although such available for emergency obstetric (EmOC), 'EmOC signal functions', similar approach currently missing routine evaluation. We describe strategy identifying illustrate their usefulness field example. Methods first developed an...

To evaluate the impact of a performance-based financing scheme on maternal and neonatal health service quality in Malawi.We conducted non-randomized controlled before after study to effects district- facility-level performance incentives for workers management teams. We assessed changes facilities' essential drug stocks, equipment maintenance clinical obstetric care processes. Difference-in-difference regression models were used analyse adherence treatment protocols provision drugs, supplies...

While perceived quality of care is now widely recognized to influence health service utilization, limited research has been conducted explore and measure using quantitative tools. Our objective was women's maternal newborn a composite scale identify individual delivery factors associated with such perceptions in Malawi.We cross-sectional survey selected facilities from March May 2013. Exit interviews were 821 women convenience sampled at antenatal, delivery, postnatal clinics structured...

A rising burden of chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) increases demand for outpatient healthcare. Yet, evidence on preferences and barriers to healthcare services India's most disadvantaged population, the target largest public health insurance scheme (PM-JAY), is lacking. We explore determinants healthcare-seeking behavior among PM-JAY eligible individuals with CNCDs in rural areas seven states. Using cross-sectional data from a household survey (conducted between November 2019 March...

In 2013, Malawi with its development partners introduced a Results-Based Financing for Maternal and Newborn Health (RBF4MNH) intervention to improve the quality of maternal newborn health-care services. Financial incentives are awarded health facilities conditional on their performance women delivering in facility. We assessed effect RBF4MNH care from women's perspectives. used mixed-method prospective sequential controlled pre- post-test design. conducted 3060 structured client exit...

Results Based Financing (RBF) interventions have recently gained significant momentum, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. However, most of the research has focused on evaluation impacts this approach, providing little insight into how contextual circumstances surrounding implementation contributed to its success or failure. This study aims fill a void current literature RBF by focusing explicitly process implementing intervention rather than impact. Specifically, focuses acceptability and...

Abstract The literature suggests that a first barrier towards accessing benefits of health insurance in low- and middle-income countries is lack awareness one’s benefits. Yet, across settings emerging schemes, limited scientific evidence available on levels their determinants. To fill this gap, we assessed socio-demographic economic determinants beneficiaries’ the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY), national scheme launched India 2018, own eligibility. We relied cross-sectional...

Objective To estimate both crude and effective curative health services coverage provided by rural facilities to under 5-year-old (U5YO) children in Burkina Faso. Methods We surveyed 1298 child providers 1681 clinical cases across 494 primary-level facilities, as well 12 497 U5YO 7347households the facilities’ catchment areas. Facilities were scored based on a set of indicators along three quality-of-care dimensions: management common childhood diseases, severe diseases general service...

Background : As countries reform health financing systems towards universal coverage, increasing concerns emerge on the need to ensure inclusion of most vulnerable segments society, working counteract existing inequities in service coverage. To this end, selected sub-Saharan Africa have decided couple performance-based (PBF) with demand-side equity measures. Still, evidence impacts these more complex PBF models is largely lacking. We aimed at filling gap knowledge by assessing impact...

Results-based financing (RBF) schemes–including performance based (PBF) and conditional cash transfers (CCT)-are increasingly being used to encourage use improve quality of institutional health care for pregnant women in order reduce maternal neonatal mortality low-income countries. While there is emerging evidence that RBF can increase service quality, little known on the impact costs time seek obstetric complications, although two represent important dimensions access. We conducted this...