A5035626751- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Landslides and related hazards
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Fire dynamics and safety research
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Plant and animal studies
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Mediterranean and Iberian flora and fauna
- Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Data Mining Algorithms and Applications
- Disaster Management and Resilience
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Silicon Effects in Agriculture
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Geological formations and processes
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
Aix-Marseille Université
2023-2025
École Pratique des Hautes Études
2011-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2011-2024
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
2020-2024
Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Marine et Continentale
2022-2024
Université de Montpellier
2011-2020
Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive
2020
Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement
2018-2020
Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté
2018-2020
Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier
2020
Abstract Background The global human footprint has fundamentally altered wildfire regimes, creating serious consequences for health, biodiversity, and climate. However, it remains difficult to project how long-term interactions among land use, management, climate change will affect fire behavior, representing a key knowledge gap sustainable management. We used expert assessment combine opinions about past future regimes from 99 researchers. asked quantitative qualitative assessments of the...
Fire is a key Earth system process, with 80% of annual fire activity taking place in grassland areas. However, past regimes systems have been difficult to quantify due challenges interpreting the charcoal signal depositional environments. To improve reconstructions regimes, it essential assess two traits: (1) count, and (2) shape. In this study, we quantified number pieces 51 sediment samples ponds Great Plains tested its relevance as proxy for regime by examining 13 potential factors...
Grasslands are globally extensive; they exist in many different climates, at high and low elevations, on nutrient-rich nutrient-poor soils. Grassland distributions today closely linked to human activities, herbivores, fire, but have been converted urban areas, forests, or agriculture fields. Roughly 80% of fires occur grasslands each year, making fire a critical process grassland dynamics. Yet, little is known about the long-term history grasslands. Here, we analyze sedimentary archives...
Fire is one of the most prevalent disturbances in Earth system, and its past characteristics can be reconstructed using charcoal particles preserved depositional environments. Although researchers know that fires produce particles, interpretation quantity or composition terms fire source remains poorly understood. In this study, we used a unique four-year dataset deposited traps from native tallgrass prairie mid-North America to test which environmental factors were linked measurements on...
Many theoretical models predict when genetic evolution and phenotypic plasticity allow adaptation to changing environmental conditions. These generally assume stabilizing selection around some optimal phenotype. We however often ignore how phenotypes change with the environment, which limit our understanding of adaptive value plasticity. Here, we propose an approach based on knowledge causal relationships between climate, traits, fitness further these questions. This relies a sensitivity...
Abstract Fire-history reconstructions inferred from sedimentary charcoal records are based on measuring sieved fragment area, estimating volume, or counting fragments. Similar fire histories reconstructed these three approaches for boreal lake sediment cores, using locally defined thresholds. Here, we test the same approach a montane Mediterranean in which taphonomical processes might differ lakes through fragmentation of particles. The series characterized by highly variable accumulation...
Summary This study investigated the fire‐vegetation relationship by reconstructing long‐term fire and vegetation dynamics around a small lake in Mediterranean montane belt on Corsica Island. The is characterised forests dominated Pinus nigra ssp. laricio , an endemic subspecies that currently threatened. Populations of this taxon are geographically restricted, their ranges decreasing, possibly because disturbance, is, logging. Here, we examine role its effect diversity since lateglacial at...
Abstract Paleofire events obtained from the statistical treatment of sedimentary charcoal records rely on a number assumptions and user's choices, increasing uncertainty reconstructio\ns. Among made when analyzing series is choice filtering method for raw Charcoal Accumulation Rate (CHAR ). As there no ultimate CHAR method, we propose an ensemble‐member approach to reconstruct fire events. We modified commonly used procedure by including routine replicating analysis record using custom...
The frequency of large wildfires in western North America has been increasing recent decades, yet the geochemical impacts these events are poorly understood. multidecadal timescales both disturbance-regime variability and ecosystem responses make it challenging to study effects fire on terrestrial nutrient cycling. Nonetheless, disturbance-mediated changes concentrations could ultimately limit forest productivity over centennial millennial time scales. Here, we use a novel approach that...
The Mediterranean region hosts exceptional biodiversity shaped by millennia of interactions between climate, and disturbances: both fire herbivores. This study reconstructs 8000 yrs habitats combustibility herbivores (domestic wild) dynamics in the Crau Plain using paleoecological records.Richness, evenness turnover vegetation were calculated to tackle interconnexion with dynamics. Our results demonstrate a strong positive correlation (indicated coprophilous fungal spores) palynological...
Savannas are wrongly perceived as degraded ecosystems whereas they represent a highly valuable landscape and cover 20% of the Earth’s surface. In USA, Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve (Minnesota, USA) focuses on temperate savanna, unique in continent. A prescribed burning program has been established early 60’s to include this key structural process into savanna system. study, we reconstructed for first time fire regime imprints ecosystem analyzed link with...
Abstract Aim To calibrate a model of the relationship between bio‐proxies (pollen, phytoliths and δ 13 C soil organic matter) woody cover, measured as leaf area index ( LAI ). This relationship, applied in palaeosequences, enables reconstruction past savanna tree cover. Location The samples are from tropical A frica. Modern Central African Republic sediments lakes S enegal ongo. Methods We analysed pollen phytolith content stable carbon isotope values 17 taken three short transects Republic;...
<title>Abstract</title> This research breaks new ground by showing that, contrary to generally accepted key role of fire in shaping plant communities, herbivores shaped both landscape heterogeneity and fire-prone habitats the Mediterranean area. The interconnected roles predisposed habitat resilience, highlighting need integrate grazing for risk mitigation biodiversity conservation. recent decline pastoralism coincides with expansion highly flammable vegetation, exacerbating risks under...
Fire regime is predicted to change, particularly in Mediterranean climate regions, towards more severe and frequent fire events. From a predictive perspective, trait-based ecology offers comprehensive framework characterize vegetation responses fire. Since fires induce erosion decrease soil nutrients, species&#8217; functional traits their distribution at community level should reflect these changes. Despite vast literature focused on plant involved resistance fire, quantification of...
Significance This research breaks new ground by showing that, contrary to generally accepted theories of ecosystem development, calcium depletion has been occurring for millennia as a natural consequence long-term development. process predisposed forest ecosystems in the region detrimental responses acid rain 20th century. We also show that nitrogen availability was increasing concurrently with calcium. is first study, our knowledge, reconstruct continuous changes nutrient northern on...
So far, no phytolith extraction protocols have been tested for accuracy and repeatability. Here we aim to display a method combining the strengths of two widely used protocols, supplemented with silica microspheres as exogenous markers quantifying concentrations. Phytolith concentrations were estimated samples from sedimentary sequences in which numerical age–depth models make it possible calculate influxes (phytolith numbers per cm 2 yr). Analysis replicates confirmed statistical...
Abstract Fires in Africa account for more than half of global fire-carbon emissions but the long-term evolution fire activity and its link to climate change remains elusive. Paleofire records provide descriptive information about changes through time, going beyond range satellite observations, although regime characteristics are challenging reconstruct. To address this conceptual gap, we report here abundance morphometric data a large set microscopic charcoal samples ( n = 128) recovered...
Abstract A palaeolimnological study, covering the last c . 12,000 years, was conducted in a small subalpine lake located Alps to study climate change impacts on carbon flows through food webs lakes. We used analysis of sedimentary pigments and stable isotopic composition chironomid remains (δ 13 C HC ) reconstruct past dynamics phytoplankton community sources sustaining benthic consumers. Chironomid biomass sustained by combination allochthonous, autochthonous CH 4 ‐derived organic matters,...
Vegetation composition and fire frequency are tightly linked in North American grasslands have varied considerably throughout the Holocene response to different drivers. Yet, detailed records of both long-term changes grassland vegetation diversity, coupled with history, still relatively sparse. In this study, we examine a sediment core from Fox Lake, Minnesota, using pollen, charcoal, magnetic susceptibility, organic carbon (%C), silica (%Si) aim understanding structure function during...
Abstract Human activity has fundamentally altered wildfire on Earth, creating serious consequences for human health, global biodiversity, and climate change. However, it remains difficult to predict fire interactions with land use, management, change, representing a knowledge gap vulnerability. We used expert assessment combine opinions about past future regimes from 98 researchers. asked quantitative qualitative assessments of the frequency, type, implications regime change beginning...
Abstract Fire regime is predicted to change, particularly in Mediterranean climate regions, towards more severe and frequent fire events. From a predictive perspective, trait‐based ecology offers comprehensive framework characterize vegetation responses fire. Since fires induce erosion decrease soil nutrients, species' functional traits their distribution at community level should reflect these changes. Despite vast literature focused on plant involved resistance fire, quantification of...