A5079123088- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Climate change and permafrost
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Fire dynamics and safety research
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Landslides and related hazards
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction
- Heavy metals in environment
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
University of Basel
2023-2025
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research
2015-2024
Desert Research Institute
2020-2024
Paul Scherrer Institute
2023-2024
University of Bern
2015-2024
Montana State University
2024
University of Nevada, Reno
2022
Abstract Background The global human footprint has fundamentally altered wildfire regimes, creating serious consequences for health, biodiversity, and climate. However, it remains difficult to project how long-term interactions among land use, management, climate change will affect fire behavior, representing a key knowledge gap sustainable management. We used expert assessment combine opinions about past future regimes from 99 researchers. asked quantitative qualitative assessments of the...
Abstract The historical development of ice nucleating particle concentrations ( N INP ) is still unknown. Here, we present for the first time from past 500 years at two Arctic sites derived core samples. samples originate EUROCORE (Summit, Central Greenland) and Lomo09 (Lomonosovfonna, Svalbard). No long‐term trend obvious in measured samples, overall range comparable to present‐day observations. We observe that short‐term variations larger than variability, but neither anthropogenic...
The automation of fossil pollen analysis promises many advantages in handling large numbers samples with less resource allocation. However, is often obstructed by the high abundance organic and minerogenic non-pollen debris samples. We used a Convolutional Neural Network-based approach to detect pollen-like objects digital images prepared microscopic slides for subsequently classified them into nine classes marker spore Lycopodium. trained object detection classification model independently...
Ancient texts and archaeological evidence indicate substantial lead exposure during antiquity that potentially impacted human health. Although routes were many included the use of glazed tablewares, paints, cosmetics, even intentional ingestion, most significant for nonelite, rural majority population may have been through background air pollution from mining smelting silver ores underpinned Roman economy. Here, we determined potential health effects this using Arctic ice core measurements...
Arctic environments may respond very sensitively to ongoing global change, as observed during the past decades for vegetation. Only little is known about broad-scale impacts of early and mid 20th-century industrialization climate change on remote environments. Palynological analyses Greenland ice cores provide invaluable insights into long-term vegetation, fire, pollution dynamics in region. We present first palynological record from a Central core (Summit Eurocore ’89, 72°35’N, 37°38’W;...
Abstract Detailed knowledge about the interactions between vegetation, climate and land use during Mesolithic Neolithic, at transition from foraging to farming, is still scarce in Balkans. Here we present a palaeoecological study combining pollen, spores charcoal found sedimentary cores Lake Ohrid, Ploča Mičov Grad, North Macedonia, with particular focus on vegetation dynamics Late Glacial-Holocene Mesolithic-Neolithic transitions. Our record begins ca. 13,500 cal bp (11,550 bc ) when...
ABSTRACT Microfossil records from ice archives allow vegetation, fire and land-use activity reconstructions on broad spatial scales. Samples typically contain low microfossil concentrations. Therefore, large volumes are often needed for palynology. Hence, it is crucial to extract maximum numbers through appropriate physical-chemical treatments. We compare six methods covering the main water reduction procedures: evaporation, filtration centrifugation with snow samples. Adding a known number...
Abstract Information about past ecosystem dynamics and human activities is stored in the ice of Colle Gnifetti glacier Swiss Alps. Adverse climatic intervals incurred crop failures famines triggered reestablishment forest vegetation but also societal resilience through innovation. Historical documents lake sediments record these changes at local—regional scales often struggle to comprehensively document continental‐scale impacts on ecosystems. Here, we provide unique multiproxy evidence...
The importance of understanding the long-lasting legacy past land use on modern ecosystems has long been acknowledged. However, magnitude and persistence such legacies have assessed only occasionally. Northern Greece a gateway farming into mainland Europe during Neolithic, thus providing perfect setting to assess potential impact land-use history present-day ecosystems. Additionally, marked Holocene climatic variability southern Balkans makes it possible investigate climate-vegetation-land...
Abstract Rapid warming and human exploitation threaten boreal forests. Understanding links among vegetation, climate, people in this vast biome requires highly resolved long‐term records that integrate regional inputs. We developed an 850‐year pollen‐based record of supraregional vegetation change using a southern Greenland ice core atmospheric modeling identified the mixed‐conifer forests eastern Canada as dominant pollen source regions. Conifer increased ∼1400 CE at onset cooler drier...
ABSTRACT A new series of 19 radiocarbon dates provides insights on the human settlement activity in central Ukraine. The paper presents data from Early Holocene until establishment Trypillian mega-sites late Vth mill. BC. Our a long sequence site Melnychna Krucha refine chronology Middle and Late Mesolithic local ceramic-bearing “Buh-Dniester” culture. Additional were obtained bones Linear Pottery culture sites stages A3 B1.
ABSTRACT The effects of climate change during the Terminal Pleistocene–Early Holocene transition on ecosystems and early Prearchaic hunter‐gatherers in central Great Basin North America are not well understood. We present a palynological reconstruction regional vegetation fire history Grass Valley, Nevada, from ~14 to ~7.5k cal BP showing that Pinus ‐dominated woodlands were replaced by dry‐adapted steppe desert accompanied an increase activity at beginning Holocene, response summer warming...
Abstract Forests in the upper continental montane zone are important ecotones between lowland and subalpine forest ecosystems. A thorough understanding of past vegetation dynamics at mid elevation is crucial to assess future altitudinal range shifts tree species response climate change. Lake sediments from Lac de Champex (1,467 m a.s.l.), a small lake Canton Valais Central Swiss Alps were analysed reconstruct vegetation, land use fire history for last 14,500 years, using pollen,...
Abstract. Microscopic charcoal particles are fire-specific tracers, which ubiquitous in natural archives such as lake sediments or ice cores. Thus, records from have become the primary source for reconstructing past fire activity. generated during forest and grassland fires can be transported over large distances before being deposited into archives. In this paper, we implement microscopic a global aerosol–climate model to better understand transport of on scale. Atmospheric interactions...
Black carbon emitted from incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuel burning is an important aerosol; however, available long-term black data are limited to remote polar high-alpine ice cores few geographic regions. records lake sediments fill gaps but such still scarce, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere. We applied a new incandescence-based methodology develop Holocene refractory (rBC) four lake-sediment archives New Zealand compare these with macroscopic charcoal records. Our...
Owing to its specialised methodology, palaeoecology is often regarded as a separate field from ecology, even though it essential for understanding long-term ecological processes that have shaped the ecosystems ecologists study and manage. Despite advances in modelling, sample dating, proxy-based reconstructions facilitating direct comparison of palaeoecological data with neo-ecological data, most scientific knowledge derived studies remains siloed. We surveyed group palaeo-researchers...
Warming temperatures and prolonged drought periods cause rapid changes of fire frequencies intensities in high-latitude ecosystems. Associated smoke plumes deposit dark particles from incomplete combustion on the Greenland ice sheet that reduce albedo but also provide a detailed record paleofire history. Here, we apply an emerging microscopic charcoal technique combination with established black carbon lead pollution measurements to array 10 cores southern central span recent decades. We...