Abstract The Damariscotta River in midcoast Maine is a weakly stratified estuary characterized by several constrictions and channel bends that affect tidal asymmetry material transport. Microstructure current velocity measurements were collected at cross‐channel transect the northern reach of during spring neap conditions to study effects bend immediately upstream constricted sill on intratidal dynamics. During flood phase, counterclockwise gyre formed headland, which enhances...

Disease epidemic outbreaks on human metapopulation networks are often driven by a small number of superspreader nodes, which primarily responsible for spreading the disease throughout network. Superspreader nodes typically characterized either their locations within network, degree connectivity and centrality, or habitat suitability disease, described reproduction ( R ). Here we introduce model that considers simultaneously effects network properties superspreaders, as opposed to previous...

National parks are unique and significant vector-borne pathogen transmission settings, engaging over 300 million people in outdoor recreation per year. In this study, we integrated vector surveys ecological habitat feature data spatial models to characterize tick-borne disease exposure risk Acadia Park (ANP), Maine. To determine the broad-scale patterns of blacklegged tick Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae) densities ANP, conducted host-seeking collections at 114 sites across park two...

Abstract Intermittent turbulence behavior has a number of implications for field sampling, namely, that if undersampled, it can result in over- or underestimates turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation rates. Sampling thresholds and common distributions have previously been defined oceanic environments, but estuaries remain relatively underrepresented. Utilizing vertical microstructure profilers is robust way to directly measure TKE rates; however, sensors are delicate conducting limited...

Taylor blast wave (TBW) theory and geometrical shock dynamics (GSD) describe a radially expanding front through an inert material, typically ideal gas, in the strong limit weak acoustic respectively. We simulate air using hydrodynamic simulation code numerically intermediate region between these two limits. test our description of phase two-dimensional Bryson Gross experiment. then apply principles GSD to materials that follow Mie–Gruneisen equation state, such as plastics metals, derive...

When COVID-19 was first introduced to the United States, state and local governments enacted a variety of policies intended mitigate virulence epidemic. At time, most effective measures prevent spread included stay-at-home orders, closing nonessential businesses, mask mandates. Although it well known that regions with high population density cold climates were at highest risk for disease spread, rural counties are economically reliant on tourism incentivized enact fewer precautions against...

AbstractThis paper discusses the mathematical formulation of Detonation Shock Dynamics (DSD) regarding a detonation shock wave passing over series inert spherical particles embedded in high-explosive material. DSD provides an efficient method for studying front propagation such materials without necessity simulating combustion equations entire system. We derive partial differential cylindrical coordinate system and moving shock-attached which describes about single particle, where obeys...

We present a local and point-wise scheme for imposing reflective boundary conditions to stationary internal boundaries solving the reactive Euler equations on Cartesian grids. The is presented in two three dimensions can run efficiently parallel machines while still maintaining same advantages over other methods enforcing conditions. Level sets are used represent solid regions along with new node sorting algorithm that decouples nodes by establishing their connectivity nodes. This approach...

We report results of Eulerian hydrodynamic simulations detonation shock waves propagating through open cell foams constructed aluminum, polymethylmethacrylate, and lead at approximately 20 % relative density in nitromethane. By varying pore sizes, as well material impedance, we predict the dynamic responses mesoscale using a reactive flow model ALE3D software package. explain predictions profile each explosive system, along with stress-strain response therein. Finally, describe radially...

The Damariscotta River Estuary in midcoast Maine, which houses over forty hectares of American oyster aquaculture, is characterized by several bathymetric sills, constrictions, and headlands. geography, hydrology, biochemistry the estuary are closely intertwined, as its irregular shape contributes to spatially varying patterns tidal flow, turn responsible for sediment suspension. This project explores spatial temporal variability water level current cycles how they correlated measures...

The performance of an intermediate-scale modular, permeable, floating breakwater comprised array vertical screens is optimized and tested. A distinctive attribute this design its adaptive capacity to fluctuating water levels owing configuration, thereby preserving efficacy during high tide storm scenarios—an advancement over conventional bottom-mounted structures. initial validation the concept was tested in a laboratory wave basin regular waves, which demonstrated promising results for...

The Zika virus epidemic of 2015–16, which caused over 1 million confirmed or suspected human cases in the Caribbean and Latin America, was driven by a combination movement infected humans availability suitable habitat for mosquito species that are key disease vectors. Both mobility vector abundances vary seasonally, goal our research to analyze interacting effects densities across metapopulations on transmission intensity probability super-spreader events. Our uses novel approach combining...

As a pathogen spreads throughout human population network, understanding the time span between first reported infection case and establishment of local transmission relies on ability to decompose incidence into travel cases, depending whether infected individual was exposed in their location residence or elsewhere. However, most data public health agencies do not distinguish travel-associated hampering analysis critical early stages epidemic spread. We introduce an algorithm, based shape...

ABSTRACT Man-made stormwater and sewage infrastructure, particularly roadside catch basins, provides widespread habitats for immature mosquitoes in urban suburban environments. Historically, throughout much of the USA, stormwater, sewage, industrial wastewater were conducted together through “combined” sewer systems, discharging a combination into streams. Within recent decades, many cities have replaced these combined sewers with “stormwater only” systems that separate from wastewater. The...

This paper discusses the effects of stochastically varying inert particle parameters on long-term behaviour detonation front propagation. The simulation model involves a series cylindrical high explosive unit cells, each embedded with an spherical particle. Detonation shock dynamics theory postulates that velocity in fluid is related to its curvature. In our previous work, we derived partial differential equations govern propagation passing over particles and developed computationally...

Predicting and preparing for the trajectory of disease epidemics relies on a knowledge environmental socioeconomic factors that affect transmission rates local global spatial scales. This article discusses simulation epidemic outbreaks human metapopulation networks with community structure, such as cities within national boundaries, which infection vary both between communities. We demonstrate mathematically, through next-generation matrices, structures these communities, setting aside all...

Predicting and preparing for the trajectory of disease epidemics relies on a knowledge environmental socioeconomic factors that affect transmission rates local global spatial scales. This article discusses simulation epidemic outbreaks human metapopulation networks with community structure, such as cities within national boundaries, which infection vary both between communities. We demonstrate mathematically, through Next Generation matrix theory, structures these communities, setting aside...