Functional MRI was used to examine cerebral activations in 12 subjects while they performed a spatial attention task. This study applied more stringent behavioural and cognitive controls than previously for similar experiments: (i) were included only if showed evidence of attentional shifts performing the task magnet; (ii) experimental baseline condition designed eliminate contributions motor output, visual fixation, inhibition eye movements, working memory conditional (no-go) component...

Functional MRI (fMRI) studies could provide crucial information on the neural mechanisms of motor recovery in patients with stroke. Resting-state fMRI is applicable to stroke who are not capable proper performance task. In this study, we explored correlates by investigating longitudinal changes resting-state functional connectivity ipsilesional primary cortex (M1).A observational study using repeated experiments was conducted 12 data were acquired 4 times over a period 6 months. Patients...

Background and Purpose— Although there is some early evidence showing the value of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in stroke rehabilitation, therapeutic effect high-frequency rTMS, along with physiology rTMS-induced corticomotor excitability supporting motor learning stroke, has not been established. This study investigated cortical associated skill acquisition chronic patients. Methods— Fifteen patients hemiparetic (13 men; mean age 53.5 years) practiced a complex,...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to determine whether visual responses food in the human amygdala and related corticolimbic structures would be selectively altered by changes states of hunger. Participants viewed images motivationally relevant (food) irrelevant (tool) objects while undergoing fMRI alternately hungry satiated conditions. Food-related stimuli elicited greater amygdala, parahippocampal gyrus. anterior fusiform gyrus when participants were a state relative...

Virtual reality (VR) is a new promising computer-assisted technology to promote motor recovery in stroke patients. VR-induced neuroplasticity supporting locomotor not known. We investigated the effects of VR intervention on cortical reorganization and associated patients.Ten chronic patients were assigned randomly either control group or group. was designed provide interactive real-life practice environments which parameters can be individualized optimize relearning. Laterality index (LI)...

The time-dependent effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on working memory was investigated by applying anodal over the left prefrontal cortex. This single-blind, sham-controlled crossover study recruited 15 healthy participants. A three-back verbal working-memory task performed before, during, and 30 min after 1 mA or sham tDCS. Anodal tDCS, compared with stimulation, significantly improved performance. Accuracy response increased 20 tDCS application, further enhanced...

<h3>Objective</h3> To test whether autologous modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improve recovery in patients with chronic major stroke. <h3>Methods</h3> In this prospective, open-label, randomized controlled trial blinded outcome evaluation, severe middle cerebral artery territory infarct within 90 days of symptom onset were assigned, a 2:1 ratio, to receive preconditioned MSC injections (MSC group) or standard treatment alone (control group). The primary was the score on Rankin Scale...

Jo JM, Kim Y-H, Ko M-H, Ohn SH, Joen B, Lee KH: Enhancing the working memory of stroke patients using tDCS. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2009;88:404–409. Objectives: We investigated whether anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex affected performance after a stroke. Design: Ten (mean age 47.7 yrs) with cognitive deficits first-ever participated in this single-blind, crossover, and sham-controlled experiment. Each patient was randomly assigned to...

Virtual reality (VR) therapy is a new, neurorehabilitation intervention aimed at enhancing motor performance in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy (CP). This case report investigated the effects of VR on cortical reorganization and associated function an 8-year-old male CP. Cortical activation development were measured before after using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) standardized tests. Before therapy, bilateral primary sensorimotor cortices (SMCs) ipsilateral...

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been recognized as a promising intervention for treatment of stroke patients. However, most previous reports have described the short-term effects rTMS on motor performance. We conducted sham-controlled trial to evaluate long-term high-frequency recovery in subacute patients.Twenty-eight patients were randomly divided into two groups, and received either real or control rTMS. Both treatments accompanied by practice. A daily dose 1000...

The aim of the present study was to analyze long-term effects transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) bilateral prefrontal cortex combined with computer-assisted cognitive training on working memory and function in healthy older adults aged at least 65 years. Forty were enrolled randomly assigned two groups: anodal sham tDCS. All participants completed 10 sessions training, tDCS cortex. accuracy verbal task performance digit span forward test significantly improved after bifrontal as...

. Robot-assisted gait training has the potential to improve cardiopulmonary fitness after stroke, even for patients who are in early stages of recovery and not independent ambulators. The authors compared effects robot-assisted conventional physical therapy on fitness.. A prospective single-blinded, randomized controlled study 37 receiving inpatient rehabilitation was performed within 1 month stroke onset. group (n = 20) received 40 minutes with Lokomat 60 each day, whereas control 17) 100...

Deception is a human behavior that many people experience in daily life. It involves complex neuronal activities addition to several physiological changes the body. A polygraph, which can measure some of responses from body, has been widely employed lie-detection. Many researchers, however, believe lie detection become more precise if occur process deception be isolated and measured. In this study, we combine both measures (i.e., changes) for enhanced Specifically, investigate...

The aims of this paper were to investigate the effectiveness a newly developed wearable hip assist robot, that uses an active algorithm improve gait function, muscle effort, and cardiopulmonary metabolic efficiency in elderly adults. Thirty adults (15 males/ 15 females) participated thispaper. experimental protocol consisted overground at comfortable speed under three different conditions: free without robot assistance, robot-assisted with zero torque (RAG-Z), full RAG. Under all conditions,...

To examine whether hippotherapy has a clinically significant effect on gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy (CP).Randomized controlled trial.Outpatient therapy center.Ninety-two CP, aged 4-10 years, presenting variable (Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] levels I-IV).Hippotherapy (30 minutes twice weekly for 8 consecutive weeks).Gross Measure (GMFM)-88, GMFM-66, and Pediatric Balance Scale.Pre- post-treatment measures were completed by 91 (45 the intervention...