A5084827019- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Cancer survivorship and care
- Physical Activity and Health
- Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Peripheral Artery Disease Management
- Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
- Frailty in Older Adults
- Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Facial Nerve Paralysis Treatment and Research
University of Dundee
2015-2024
Genomics (United Kingdom)
2016-2024
Ninewells Hospital
2011-2023
University of Edinburgh
1990-2023
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
2023
NHS Tayside
2008-2022
University of Manchester
2021
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
2021
Livingstone College
2021
University of Leeds
1990-2020
PRECIS is a tool to help trialists make design decisions consistent with the intended purpose of their trial. This paper gives guidance on how use an improved, validated version, PRECIS-2, which has been developed over 80 international trialists, clinicians, and policymakers. Keeping original simple wheel format, PRECIS-2 nine domains—eligibility criteria, recruitment, setting, organisation, flexibility (delivery), (adherence), follow-up, primary outcome, analysis—scored from 1 (very...
OBJECTIVE The antidiabetic properties of metformin are mediated through its ability to activate the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Activation AMPK can suppress tumor formation and inhibit cell growth in addition lowering blood glucose levels. We tested hypothesis that reduces risk cancer people with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In an observational cohort study using record-linkage databases based Tayside, Scotland, U.K., we identified diabetes who were new users...
Corticosteroids and antiviral agents are widely used to treat the early stages of idiopathic facial paralysis (i.e., Bell's palsy), but their effectiveness is uncertain.We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, factorial trial involving patients with palsy who were recruited within 72 hours after onset symptoms. Patients randomly assigned receive 10 days treatment prednisolone, acyclovir, both agents, or placebo. The primary outcome was recovery function, as rated on...
Abstract Aims To ascertain the frequency and identify predictors of self‐reported hypoglycaemia in Type 1 insulin‐treated 2 diabetes. Methods A random sample 267 people with diabetes were recruited from a population‐based register Tayside, Scotland. Each subject prospectively recorded number mild severe hypoglycaemic episodes experienced over 1‐month period. Ordinal logistic regression was performed to potential hypoglycaemia. Results Five hundred seventy‐two events reported by 155 patients....
To evaluate the patterns and predictors of adherence in all patients with Type 2 diabetes community receiving treatment a single oral hypoglycaemic drug. In particular, to test hypothesis that one tablet per day is associated better than more one.The study design was retrospective cohort set Tayside region Scotland (population approx. 400 000). Participants were residents from 1 January 1993 until 31 December 1995 at least 12 months prescriptions drugs (OHDs). The main outcome measures...
Background The prevalence of male obesity is increasing but few men take part in weight loss programmes.We assessed the eff ect a and healthy living programme on football (soccer) fans. MethodsWe did two-group, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial 747 fans aged 35-65 years with body-mass index (BMI) 28 kg/m² or higher from 13 Scottish professional clubs.Participants were randomly assigned SAS (version 9•2, block size 2-9) 1:1 ratio, stratifi ed by club, to delivered community coaching...
Increasing duration of tamoxifen therapy improves survival in women with breast cancer but the impact adherence to on mortality is unclear. This study investigated whether prescribed after surgery for adhered their prescription and influenced survival. A retrospective cohort all incident Tayside region Scotland between 1993 2002 was linked encashed records calculate tamoxifen. Survival analysis used determine effect all-cause mortality. In 2080 patients formed 1633 (79%) The median use 2.42...
Adjuvant endocrine therapy is recommended for women with oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, but many do not take the medication as directed and they stop treatment before completing standard 5-year duration. This retrospective cohort study conducted between 1993 2008 of all incident who are residing in Tayside region Scotland, examined adherence to prescribed adjuvant tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors (AIs). Survival analysis effect on all-cause mortality, cancer death recurrence,...
Cognitive impairment of various kinds is common in older people admitted to hospital, but previous research has usually focused on single conditions highly-selected groups and rarely examined associations with outcomes. This study prevalence outcomes cognitive a large unselected cohort aged 65+ an emergency medical admission. Between January 1, 2012, June 30, 2013, admissions general hospital acute unit underwent structured specialist nurse assessment (n = 10,014). We defined 'cognitive...
E-cigarette (EC) use is increasing exponentially worldwide. The early cardiovascular effects of switching from tobacco cigarettes (TC) to EC in chronic smokers unknown. Meta-analysis flow-mediated dilation (FMD) studies indicate 13% lower pooled, adjusted relative risks events with every 1% improvement FMD.This study sought determine the vascular impact TC smokers.The authors conducted a prospective, randomized control trial parallel nonrandomized preference cohort and blinded endpoint ≥18...
While some evidence exists that real-time remote symptom monitoring devices can decrease morbidity and prevent unplanned admissions in oncology patients, overall, these studies have significant methodological weaknesses. The electronic Symptom Management using the Advanced System (ASyMS) Remote Technology (eSMART) study is designed to specifically address weaknesses with an appropriately powered, repeated-measures, parallel-group stratified randomised controlled trial of patients.A total...
To evaluate effects of remote monitoring adjuvant chemotherapy related side via the Advanced Symptom Management System (ASyMS) on symptom burden, quality life, supportive care needs, anxiety, self-efficacy, and work limitations.Multicentre, repeated measures, parallel group, evaluator masked, stratified randomised controlled trial.Twelve cancer centres in Austria, Greece, Norway, Republic Ireland, UK.829 patients with non-metastatic breast cancer, colorectal Hodgkin's disease, or...
BACKGROUND Increased blood and plasma viscosity, hematocrit, fibrinogen, activation of coagulation leukocytes have been reported in patients with claudication; however, their associations symptomatic asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease not an epidemiological study. METHODS AND RESULTS Blood urinary fibrinopeptide A, leukocyte elastase, uric acid were measured a random sample 1,581 men women aged 55-74 years Edinburgh, Scotland, related to stenosis (ankle-brachial systolic pressure...
Glycaemic control in women with diabetes is critical to satisfactory pregnancy outcome. A systematic review of two randomised trials concluded that there was no clear evidence benefit from very tight versus glycaemic for pregnant diabetes.A observational studies addressing miscarriage, congenital malformations and perinatal mortality among type 1 2 carried out. Literature searches were performed MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Cochrane Library. Observational data on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)...
To evaluate prevalence and incidence of diagnosed primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in adults between 1997 2006 Tayside, Scotland, UK.Population-based study.All Tayside residents aged 20 years over with an increased serum calcium level (> 2.55 mmol/l) were included as potential participants. Using a unique patient identifier, data-linkage enabled data set PHPT patients to be created from algorithm biochemistry records, nuclear scan histology hospital clinic letters community based...
To describe mortality and disease-specific morbidities in patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).Retrospective population-based observational study.Tayside, Scotland, from 1997 to 2006.Patients PHPT were selected a predefined cohort between 2006.Standardised ratios (SMRs) examined for all-cause mortality, as well cardiovascular cancer mortality. Standardised morbidity standardised incidence also calculated eleven observed co-morbidities.In total, there 1683 (69.1% female)...
The aim of the study was to examine association tested TSH with age, gender, and diabetes in a large population-based cohort without evidence thyroid disease.Record-linkage technology used retrospectively identify people disease general population Tayside, Scotland, from July 1, 2003, December 31, 2009.All Tayside residents who had function tests performed were identified. Using unique patient identifier, data linkage enabled be identified by excluding anyone or antithyroid prescription,...
Our objective was to investigate the long-term outcomes for patients with endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism (SH).Population record-linkage technology used retrospectively identify SH and hospital admissions from January 1, 1993, December 31, 2009.All Tayside residents over 18 yr old at least two serum TSH measurements below reference range 4 months apart normal free T(4)/total T(4) total T(3) concentrations baseline were included as potential cases. Using a unique patient identifier,...
OBJECTIVE Metformin is actively transported into the liver by organic cation transporter (OCT)1 (encoded SLC22A1). In 12 normoglycemic individuals, reduced-function variants in SLC22A1 were shown to decrease ability of metformin reduce glucose excursion response oral glucose. We assessed effect two common loss-of-function polymorphisms on a large cohort patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Diabetes Audit and Research Tayside Scotland (DARTS) database includes...
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyposis is common. The long-term efficacy and safety of approaches to medical management are not well-known. Objective: To evaluate the a 2-week regimen oral steroid therapy followed by 26 weeks sequential topical maintenance therapy. Design: Parallel randomized trial computer-generated block randomization central allocation. Patients investigators were blinded group assignment. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00788749)...
High-risk prescribing and preventable drug-related complications are common in primary care. We evaluated whether the rates of high-risk by care clinicians related clinical outcomes would be reduced a complex intervention.In this cluster-randomized, stepped-wedge trial conducted Tayside, Scotland, we randomly assigned participating practices to various start dates for 48-week intervention comprising professional education, informatics facilitate review, financial incentives review patients'...