Abstract Background Dairy cows commonly experience a negative energy balance (NEB) during early lactation as demands for maintenance and milk production exceed intake. Although most metabolically adapt to NEB avoid ketosis, those that fail develop which disrupts metabolism reduces productivity. Haematological serum biochemical parameters are crucial understanding these metabolic disruptions. However, limited research has examined how change from calving ketosis onset. This study aimed...

Porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), threaten the pig industry worldwide. Five genotypes of PCV2 were recently identified: PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2c, PCV2d and PCV2e. In addition, a novel from case sow with dermatitis, nephropathy syndrome reproductive failure has been identified based on metagenomic analysis classified as 3 (PCV3). Therefore, current study was conducted to determine prevalence genetic characteristics PCV3 in clinical...

Abstract Ketosis often occurs during the postpartum transition period in dairy cows, leading to economic and welfare problems. Previously, ketosis was reported be associated with hematological serum biochemical parameters. However, association between parameters on calving date remains unclear. This study aimed investigate this association. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein of Holstein cows β-hydroxybutyrate tested once every 3 days (8 times 21 days). The divided into three...

Abstract Background Ketosis is a common metabolic disorder during the post‐partum transition period of dairy cattle. How method reproduction, parturition time, and calf birth weight affect occurrence ketosis on herds remains elusive. Objectives This study investigated factors associated with severity ketosis. Methods We divided 186 Holstein cows into three classifications based highest β‐hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentration period, namely non‐ketosis (<1.2 mmol/L, n = 94), subclinical...

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), the causative agent of Johne's disease (JD) in ruminants, is a potential zoogenic pathogen. At asymptomatic subclinical stage, infected animals periodically shed pathogen through feces and milk, serving as silent carriers for transmission. In Republic Korea, where treatment JD not pursued culling primary management strategy animals, early detection crucial effective control. this study, we aimed to develop new primer set loop-mediated...

The human prion protein (PrP) fragment PrP(106‑126) possesses the majority of pathogenic properties associated with infectious scrapie isoform PrP, known as PrPSc. accumulation PrPSc in brain humans and animals affects central nervous system. Recent epidemiological studies have suggested that caffeine, one major components coffee, exerts protective effects against development neurodegeneration. However, caffeine disease not been reported to date. In this study, we therefore investigated on...

The effects of several dairy processes on insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations in milk and the storage stability IGF-I–fortified products were examined. IGF-I content raw determined by radioimmunoassay was significantly changed strength heat treatments. In commercial manufacture whole dry powder, concentration not changed. A significant reduction found as result fermentation with a starter culture. fortified dried powder exhibited no changes over tested periods (12 d for milk,...

Prion disorder-related neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the accumulation of prion protein (PrP) scrapie isoform (PrPsc) within central nervous system. PrPsc induces neuronal cell death increasing intracellular generation reactive oxygen species (ROS). Lactoferrin (LF) is an 80 kDa protein, which has antioxidant abilities due to scavenging ROS. The effects LF treatment on PrP (106-126)-mediated neurotoxicity and ROS were focus this study. protected against (106-126)-induced...

TRAIL is a member of the tumor necrosis factor family and engages apoptosis via recruitment rapid activation caspase-8. This study investigated effect carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), classic uncoupler oxidative phosphorylation, on TRAIL-induced in SNU-638 cells derived from human gastric cancer cells. It was found that treatment with CCCP followed by incubation markedly enhanced 2 fold compared alone. accompanied reduction mitochondrial transmembrane potential generation...

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is one of the most important components bovine colostrum. It exhibits antiapoptotic and antioxidative activities. Prion diseases are neurodegenerative disorders caused by cell death through mitochondrial dysfunction increasing generation reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study examined protective effect IGF-1 on residues 106-126 cellular prion protein [PrP (106-126)]-mediated neurotoxicity oxidative stress. In SH-SY5Y human neuronal cells, treatment...

This study compared two types of controlled internal drug release (CIDR)-based timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol for treatment repeat breeder dairy cows. In the first trial experiment, 55 cows were randomly assigned to following treatments. (1) EB group, a CIDR device was inserted into cows, and then administered an injection 1 mg estradiol benzoate (EB) plus 50 progesterone (P4; Day 0). On 7, they given PGF2α removed. The on 8 subjected TAI 30 h later (n=27). (2) gonadotrophin...

To evaluate fertilizer value of animal cadavers for agricultural recycling, components by pig and poultry were investigated using rendering alkali (KOH) treatment methods. Total nitrogen concentrations in meat waste method 7.80% 9.30%, respectively. concentration KOH was lower than that method. Organic matter ranged 87.8~97.4%. phosphorus bone methods 5.59~11.18%. Animal contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium other nutrients essential to plant growth. The results this study suggest can...

(Received: March 24, 2015; Revised: April 17, Accepted: 28, 2015)Abstract : Calf losses have an economic impact on larger Korean native cattle (KNC) breeding farms due toreplacement, productivity, and marketing. However, little research KNC calf mortality or causes of death onlarge-scale has been conducted. Based medical records autopsy findings from the Hanwooexperimental station National Institute Animal Science, 2002 to 2011 were usedto identify mortality. Mortality rate calves was 5.7%....

is the causative agent of proliferative enteropathy and associated with several outbreaks, causing substantial economic loss to porcine industry.

We studied the effects of administering estradiol benzoate (EB) plus progesterone (P4) as part a CIDR-based protocol during growth or static phases dominant follicle development on follicular wave emergence, growth, synchrony ovulation and pregnancy rate following CIDR withdrawal, treatment with PGF2α GnRH, fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI). Forty-one previously synchronized lactating Holstein dairy cows were randomly allocated to three groups. The control group (n=14) received third...

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) causes a chronic and progressive granulomatous enteritis economic losses in dairy cattle subclinical stages. Subclinical infection can be detected using serum MAP antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) fecal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests.To investigate the differences blood parameters, according to detection of ELISA PCR tests.We divided 33 subclinically infected adult into three groups: seronegative fecal-positive...

현행 살처분 가축사체의 처리방안 중 하나인 랜더링 처리방법을 사용하여 나온 부산물을 액비화 시키기 위해 산 및 알칼리 분해제를 액화시켰으며, 분해제별 주입량 처리시간에 따른 부산물의 분해율과 분해속도를 조사하였다. 잔존량을 조사한 결과 분해제 가장 높은 나타낸 것은 <TEX>$HNO_3$</TEX>으로 다른 분해제는 10분이 경과한 후 잔존량이 대부분 50% 이하로 나타났다. 분해속도 K (<TEX>$hr^{-1}$</TEX>)는 KOH의 경우 부산물 무게 대비 25% > 30% 20% 15% 10%순으로 25%를 넣어줬을 때 빨리 분해가 되었다. <TEX>$H_2SO_4$</TEX>의 넣었을 분해되었으며, NaOH도 이와 비슷한 경향이었다. 분해율은 <TEX>$HNO_3$</TEX>의 경우에는 순도가 약 61% 정도로 분해제들보다 낮아 분해율이 현저히 떨어졌으며, KOH, NaOH 25%와 30%를 큰 차이가 없어 경제성 효율성을 고려하였을 경우가 적합하다고 판단된다. In...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the duration retained placenta (RP) on postpartum diseases and culling in dairy cows.Data were collected from 456 Holstein cows between 2008 2010.RP (≥ 24 h after parturition) diagnosed by farm managers a veterinarian according standardized definitions.The overall incidence rate RP 14.0%, with fourth higher parity two times that having offspring for first time.The 2 15 days mean 6.8 days, except cases which had 10.5 days.A total 63% diseases.Among...