An accurate material representation of polymeric interlayers in laminated glass panes has proved fundamental for a reliable prediction their response both static and dynamic loading regimes. This issue is addressed the present contribution by examining time–temperature sensitivity shear stiffness two widely used made polyvinyl butyral (TROSIFOL BG R20) ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVALAM 80-120). To that end, an experimental program been executed to compare applicability techniques, (i) torsional...

The determination of the load bearing capacity masonry in existing structures is not an easy task, even for experienced surveyors. For its assessment, it necessary to know compressive strength units and mortar. Relatively good destructive non-destructive methods were developed units. However, mortar currently closer a rough estimation rather than deterministic approach. All used are either complicated, have limited application, or based on surveyor’s experience only. Influence human factor...

Mechanical tests were performed at the Klokner Institute on samples of a textile glass reinforcement. These will be used for determining modulus elasticity reinforcements and assessing maximal stress that withstand. Both these quantities are required further modeling structures designing elements made from reinforced concrete (TRC). The carried out total 10 single piece 2D net (produced by V. FRAAS, GmbH, Germany). AR-glass reinforcement (alkali - resistant glass) with 2400 TEX [g/km]...

Článek shrnuje aspekty zkoušení a ovlivňování soudržnosti výztuží s betonem. Úzce se zaměřuje na hodnocení míry vlivu nevyhnutelné koroze povlaku žárového zinku v čerstvém betonu samotnou soudržnost. Ovlivnění vlivem vývoje vodíku expanzních korozních produktů je ověřováno hladkých ocelových prutech. Povlak byl vytvořen konvenční ponorovou technologií. Realizováno bylo normované výztuže betonem krychlích („vytahovací zkouška“) dle ČSN 73 1328. V závěrech jsou diskutovány i jiné vlivy, které...

Adhesive connections offer a number of benefits in structural applications, especially the case brittle adherends such as glass. There, multitude materials can be used to provide bonding between glass and/or metal components, giving evidence different mechanical behaviours well performances. This paper reports on Finite Element numerical investigation carried out small-scale adhesive joint specimens. Taking advantage past experimental study performed at CTU Prague - focused both material...

Adaptive facades are getting more and widespread in modern buildings. These facade systems, among many others, need to fulfil the requirements of several structural considerations, such as safety, serviceability, durability, robustness fire being typically defined for standard building enclosures general. The current paper discusses special characteristics which be taken into account when designing adaptive summarizes some recent efforts activities progress carried out by 'Structural' Task...

Noticing the current architecture, there are many examples of glass bearing members such as beams, panes, ribs stairs or even columns. Most these elements made laminated from panes bonded by polymer interlayer so task transferring shear forces between needs to be investigated due lack knowledge. This transfer depends on stiffness material, which is affected temperature and load duration. It essential catch safe side with limit cases when designing if exact material behaviour not specified....

This article is summarizing technological and test influences on modulus of elasticity concrete presents in more detail results experimental measuring following influences: shape dimensions piece, method finishing pressing surface, level load. Not just its durability but also deformative characteristics have been coming to fore experts' interest during last years. One deformable each type concrete. Modulus part many static calculations has close relation other physical mechanical as are...

In recent years, textile reinforced concrete (TRC) is at the beginning of industrial production mainly in Germany and relates especially to facade panels footbridges. The subtle with a minimum thickness coverage layer can be designed due reinforcement, which resistant corrosion. Furthermore, long durability expected case these structures. reinforcement fine-grained ultra-high performance (UHPC) enables produce elements thickness. Therefore, element up 70 % lower weight compared conventional...

Kevlar fibers are widely used for industrial and military purposes due to their remarkable mechanical properties, such as high tenacity strength-to-weight ratio. In this study, two-layered composite specimens were impregnated with 10 wt.% poly (vinyl butyral)/ethanol solution which contained TiO2 nanoparticles reinforcement. The concentrations of the 1 or 2 respect butyral), PVB. single-axial tensile test three-point bending Kevlar/PVB composites have been performed according ASTM D 3039...

Rooftop solar modules are usually held in place by racks or frames that mechanically attached to a roof structure and/or heavyweight, ballasted footing mounts. These mounts ensure the panel system remains position against wind load. However, mechanical connectors create penetrations into water-resistant layer of roof, whereas cause significant additional load on load-bearing roof. For these reasons, adhesive connection seems be beneficial solution. Acrylic tapes, marked as VHBTM, may provide...

The effects of exposure to humid conditions in the extended cataplasm ageing test, based on ISO 9142, Procedure E2 mechanical properties adhesively bonded joints, were investigated as a part comprehensive study an acrylate adhesive and Silane-terminated polymer (STP) adhesive. adhesives applied aluminium Zn-electroplated steel substrates with various surface treatments (a smooth surface, roughened anodized blank aluminium) observe effect joints substrates. predominant high relative humidity...

Recent developments in the technology of a modern embedded rail system grant many new possibilities for improving railway infrastructure. An significantly reduces noise and dynamical impact affecting both infrastructure rolling stock itself. may be used constructing any type including high-speed railways. Its attributes are also suitable modernization current steel bridges or structures, where slender bridge decks required. However, track equipped with an system, stress increments rise due...

The requirements on the existing rail infrastructure, including bridges, need for higher speed as well to accommodate extremely growing traffic demand has brought major changes in different solution railway track systems last few decades. Since beginning of direct fastening system probably Embedded Rail System (ERS) is one most interesting one. Especially, low maintenance together with capability refurbishment bridges and noise emission given new possibilities this system, contributing...

The degradation of laminated glass as a result increased temperature has become one the important problem reconstructions and designs new structures, for instance high-rise buildings that are exposed to impacts an intensive heating caused e. g. by sunshine. temperatures during can reach very high values, commonly from 60 70 °C. effect was simulated using thermal chamber where panes with size 120 x 1100 mm were heated. deformation course under increase continually monitored measuring unit. In...

The paper is about a research focused on development of thin slabs made from white UHPC. These are reinforced by scattered PVA fibres and textile glass reinforcement in form 2D net. aim the experiment tin that can be used as facade or roof panels. course experimental tests these its correspondence with numeric analysis ATHENA software paper. Three slab specimens size 750 x 125 15 mm were tested four-point bending. UHPC matrix was mesh 20 mm. coated against alkali conditions, so called AR -...