In the mid-1990s climatic loading of double-glazed units (DGU's) was investigated and design rules were developed for use in practice.Even though at time those DGU's, they have recently also been used modern triple-glazed (TGU's) multilayer facade systems.So far, no research has addressed question whether this process, particular temperature differences that determined can be applied to other systems.It is therefore aim paper determine governing temperatures insulated glass (IGU's) under...

Adaptive facades are getting more and widespread in modern buildings. These facade systems, among many others, need to fulfil the requirements of several structural considerations, such as safety, serviceability, durability, robustness fire being typically defined for standard building enclosures general. The current paper discusses special characteristics which be taken into account when designing adaptive summarizes some recent efforts activities progress carried out by 'Structural' Task...

A novel façade element is presented that forms a symbiosis between an enhanced box-type window, closed cavity façade, and Trombe wall. This hybrid, transparent-opaque features absorbing water tank, installed behind controlled shading device toward the of non-ventilated Double Skin Façade in parapet section. To evaluate potential impact on building performance, transient simulation model developed Modelica calibrated by comparison with measurements prototype. The effect thermal storage heat...

Abstract Intended for the construction of a double curved, frameless modular glass shell demonstrator, stainless steel fitting connection with trapezoidal, thin sheet laminated into interstice two-ply safety has been developed. For bonding within laminate, structural PVB interlayer is used. Various plies different types can be stacked depending on necessary thickness and intended esthetical appearance. The designed to mainly transfer translational forces, but it also provides some bending...

Abstract Until recently, designing and constructing with glass in Switzerland was not performed on a uniformly regulated basis due to the lack of national standard for glass. Therefore, foreign regulations codes were typically applied. However, this practice repeatedly caused problems. In August 2021, Technical Specification SIA 2057 Glass Structures has been published close codification gap create uniform design Swiss industry. A wide range applications is covered, taking into account...

Climatic loads on Insulated Glazed Units (IGU) have been investigated since the early 1990s. Beginning in 1996 a German technical guideline defined procedure to respect climatic static design of IGUs. Furthermore required values changes and thermal Double (DGU) determined. In practice, those applied other systems like Triple (TGU) as well Skin Facades (DSF). last two decade’s haven not changed. This paper presents results study IGU’s summer conditions, evaluating performance recent...

Minimizing metallic primary structures in directly glazed grid shells is key to increasing transparency. Complete renunciation a substructure results the glass itself bearing loads, with thin shells, for example, that support loads mainly via membrane forces. A 4.20 m tall, double-curved, frame-less modular shell stainless steel fittings laminated into interstice of two-ply safety has been developed and built as demonstrator validate concept. The used structurally join modules transfer all...

The experimental setup implements a simplified PASSYS test cell construction, which is combined with detailed simulation to reduce measurement effort. To analyze the cell’s dynamic behavior, was closely monitored thermal sensors, and different static heating modes were applied during three-week calibration period. Co-heating tests performed for steady-state measurements cyclic periods account transient behavior of cell. cells response compared results simulations software packet Modelica....

In times of energy use awareness, decarbonisation, and resource efficiency, the performance well-known facade components must be pushed beyond current limits through innovative designs new combinations in construction. This paper presents an unconventional redesign a double skin (DSF), based on Trombe wall principles, to enlarge solar gains heating seasons avoid overheating issues summertime. The DSF variant is equipped with thermal storage mass cavity interior insulation. mass, this case...

In the past glass design in Switzerland was based on foreign standards and regulations. Questions raised whether application of these is suitable, as they do not comply with Swiss Standard SIA 260 – Basis design. The most used are German technical regulations for use glazing linear supports (TRLV) DIN 18008. society engineers architects (SIA) initiated a structural standard committee task to develop standard. new same concept Eurocode10 Design Structural Glass, which currently preparation....

The fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is selectively expressed on activated fibroblasts of the tumor stroma more than 90% lung, breast and colon carcinomas. high prevalence abundance FAP+ make it a promising target for in vivo diagnosis therapy variety We describe humanization murine FAP-specific MAb, F19, which has already been clinically used diagnostic purposes. Using phage display technology human V-repertoires, VL VH regions F19 were replaced by analogous V-regions while retaining...

The oil crises of the 1970s increased awareness energy efficiency. Over past forty years, single- and double-glazed windows have evolved into a range modern insulating glass solutions for facades. In mid-1990s climatic loading units (DGUs) was investigated design rules were developed use in practice. Even though those at time DGUs, they recently also been used triple-glazed (TGUs) multilayer facade systems. So far, no research has posed question whether this process, particular temperature...

<p>PDF file - 18K, Immunoprecipitation of huFAP from HT1080 FAP+ cells using anti-huFAP antibody</p>

<p>PDF file - 15K, Epitope mapping by competitive binding to HT1080 huFAP+</p>

<p>PDF file - 101K, Methods for phage-display selection, Table S1: Selection strategy</p>

<p>PDF file - 113K, Inhibition of FAP internalization mediated by ESC11 IgG1 in vitro</p>

<p>PDF file - 54K, Recombinant expression of Fab fragments and antibodies</p>

<p>PDF file - 113K, Inhibition of FAP internalization mediated by ESC11 IgG1 in vitro</p>