A5064922057- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Crustacean biology and ecology
- Marine and fisheries research
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Helminth infection and control
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species
- Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Marine and coastal plant biology
Queen's University Belfast
2015-2024
Google (United States)
2021
Queens University
2004-2011
University College Dublin
2004-2011
Ecologie & Evolution
1989-2010
Field Museum of Natural History
2010
Nova Southeastern University
2010
Ohio Department of Natural Resources
2010
Stony Brook University
2010
University of Georgia
1995-2004
Summary We present a new R package, diveRsity , for the calculation of various diversity statistics, including common partitioning statistics (θ, G ST ) and population differentiation ( D Jost χ 2 test heterogeneity), among others. The package calculates these estimators along with their respective bootstrapped confidence intervals loci, sample pairwise global levels. Various plotting tools are also provided visual evaluation estimated values, allowing users to critically assess validity...
The high level of escapes from Atlantic salmon farms, up to two million fishes per year in the North Atlantic, has raised concern about potential impact on wild populations. We report a two-generation experiment examining estimated lifetime successes, relative natives, farm, F1 and F2 hybrids BC1 backcrosses farm salmon. Offspring ‘hybrids’ (i.e. all F1, groups) showed reduced survival compared with but grew faster as juveniles displaced parr, which group were significantly smaller. Where...
Understanding the population structure and patterns of gene flow within species is fundamental importance to study evolution. In fields evolutionary genetics, measures genetic differentiation are commonly used gather this information. One potential caveat that these assume be symmetric. However, asymmetric common in nature, especially systems driven by physical processes such as wind or water currents. As information about levels among populations essential for correct interpretation...
Abstract Reintroduction of captive‐bred animals is a key approach in conservation attempts for many endangered species, however, post‐release survival often low. Rearing conditions may be unlike those encountered upon release and the not have had experiences necessary wild. Animals also habituate captivity to stimuli that pose danger after and/or there selection behavioural traits, particular reduced fearfulness, suited Here, variation boldness was assessed swift fox ( Vulpes velox ) tested...
The main molecular techniques which can be used to generate genetic markers, and the applications of these markers studies fish populations are outlined. Published ongoing studies, in authors' laboratories, on brown trout Atlantic salmon compare resolution applicability allozyme, mitochondrial DNA minisatellite (variable number tandem repeats) for population structuring, variation within populations, impact accidental deliberate introduction non‐native salmonids make‐up natural populations.
Parthenogenesis has been documented in all major jawed vertebrate lineages except mammals and cartilaginous fishes (class Chondrichthyes: sharks, batoids chimeras). Reports of captive female sharks giving birth despite being held the extended absence males have generally ascribed to prior matings coupled with long-term sperm storage by females. Here, we provide first genetic evidence for chondrichthyan parthenogenesis, involving a hammerhead shark (Sphyrna tiburo). This finding also broadens...
Understanding how environmental forcing has generated and maintained large-scale patterns of biodiversity is a key goal evolutionary research critical to predicting the impacts global climate change. We suggest that initiation thermohaline circulation provided mechanism for radiation Southern Ocean fauna into deep sea. test this hypothesis using relaxed phylogenetic approach coestimate phylogeny divergence times lineage octopuses with Antarctic deep-sea representatives. show had their...
Abstract SNP arrays are enabling tools for high-resolution studies of the genetic basis complex traits in farmed and wild animals. Oysters critical importance many regions from both an ecological economic perspective, oyster aquaculture forms a key component global food security. The aim our study was to design combined-species, medium density array Pacific (Crassostrea gigas) European flat (Ostrea edulis), test performance this on populations multiple locations, with focus populations....
Selective breeding has been successfully applied to improve profitability and sustainability in numerous aquatic species. Recent developments of high throughput genotyping technology now enable the implementation genomic selection, a method aiming predict value candidates based on their genotype at genome-wide markers. In this review article, we state arts, challenges prospects for application selection aquaculture The particular focus is status several major species International Council...
The release of captive-bred animals into the wild is commonly practised to restore or supplement populations but comes with a suite ecological and genetic consequences. Vast numbers hatchery-reared fish are released annually, ostensibly restore/enhance provide greater angling returns. While previous studies have shown that perform poorly in relative wild-bred conspecifics, few measured individual lifetime reproductive success (LRS) how this affects population productivity. Here, we analyse...
Microsatellite genotyping is a common DNA characterization technique in population, ecological and evolutionary genetics research. Since different alleles are sized relative to internal size-standards, laboratories must calibrate standardize allelic designations when exchanging data. This interchange of microsatellite data can often prove problematic. Here, 16 loci were calibrated standardized for the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, across 12 laboratories. Although inconsistencies observed,...
Parallel phenotypic evolution in similar environments has been well studied evolutionary biology; however, comparatively little is known about the influence of determinism and historical contingency on nature, extent generality this divergence. Taking advantage a novel system containing multiple lake-stream stickleback populations, we examined ecological, morphological genetic divergence between three-spined present parapatric environments. Consistent with other studies, found shift towards...
Abstract There is growing interest in the mating systems of sharks and their relatives (Class Chondrichthyes) because these ancient fishes occupy a key position vertebrate phylogeny are increasingly need conservation due to widespread overexploitation. Based on precious few genetic field observational studies, current speculation that polyandrous strategies multiple paternity may be common as they most other vertebrates. Here, we test this hypothesis by examining system bonnethead shark,...
SUMMARY In East Africa, Fasciola gigantica is generally the causative agent of fasciolosis but there have been reports F. hepatica in cattle from highland regions Kenya, Ethiopia, Uganda and Zaire. The topography Southern Highlands Tanzania provides an environment where climatic conditions exist for sustenance lymnaeid species capable supporting both . Theoretically this would allow interaction between fasciolid possible creation hybrids. report we present molecular data confirming existence...
Abstract The survival of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar) , an increasingly rare anadromous species, has declined dramatically during its marine phase, with disproportionate impacts on the poorly understood early post‐smolt period. Logistical constraints collecting oceanic data to inform this issue pose a formidable obstacle. To advance understanding distributional ecology in North‐east Atlantic, comprehensive analysis existing information was undertaken. Data were synthesized from 385...
The lifetime success and performance characteristics of communally reared offspring wild native Burrishoole (native), ranched (ranched) non‐native (non‐native) Atlantic salmon Salmo salar from the adjacent Owenmore River were compared. Non‐native 0+ year parr showed a substantial downstream migration, which was not shown by parr. This appears to have been an active migration rather than competitive displacement may reflect adaptation environmental or physiographic conditions within catchment...
Facultative automictic parthenogenesis has only recently been confirmed in the most ancient jawed vertebrates, chondrichthyan fishes (sharks, batoids, and chimeras). To date, however, both documented cases, females have produced a single parthenogen offspring, none of these lived for more than 3 days. We present genetically verified case by white-spotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum), which at least 2 parthenogens were survived 5 years or more. These findings demonstrate that some...
The phylogeographical structure of brown trout Salmo trutta in Britain and Ireland was studied using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis four mitochondrial DNA segments (16S/ND1, ND5/6, COXIII/ND5 ND5/12S). Analysis 3636 individuals from 83 sites-morphotypes revealed a total 25 haplotypes. These haplotypes were nested seven two-step clades. Although there clear geographical patterning to the occurrence derived clades, admixture among...
A battery of allelic markers at highly polymorphic microsatellite loci was developed and employed to confirm genetically, the clonal nature sibships in nine-banded armadillos. This phenomenon consistent polyembryony, otherwise nearly unknown among vertebrates, capitalized upon describe micro-spatial distributions numerous a natural population Adult clone mates were significantly more dispersed than juvenile sibs, suggesting limited opportunities for altruistic behavioural interactions mature...
Genome duplications and polyploidization events are thought to have played relevant roles in the early stages of vertebrate evolution, particular near time divergence lamprey lineage. Additional genome duplications, specifically ray-finned fish, may occurred before teleosts. The role evolution is a thriving area research. Sturgeons (order Acipenseriformes) provide unique model for investigation duplication, with existing species possessing 120, 250 or 360 chromosomes. In present study, data...