A5082283231- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Spatial Neglect and Hemispheric Dysfunction
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Mind wandering and attention
- Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Health and Well-being Studies
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Aging and Gerontology Research
Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
2023-2025
Trinity College Dublin
2015-2024
Global Brain Health Institute
2017-2024
University of California, San Francisco
2020-2024
The University of Texas at Dallas
2020-2024
Trinity College
2011-2023
Allen Institute for Brain Science
2023
Institut du Cerveau
2023
Adolfo Ibáñez University
2023
NHS Fife
2022
Abstract The locus coeruleus‐noradrenergic (LC–NA) neuromodulatory system has been implicated in a broad array of cognitive processes, yet scope for investigating this system's function humans is currently limited by an absence reliable non‐invasive measures LC activity. Although pupil diameter employed as proxy measure activity numerous studies, empirical evidence relationship between the two lacking. In present study, we sought to rigorously probe and BOLD localized human LC. Simultaneous...
“Attention” is not a unitary brain process. Evidence from adult studies indicates that distinct neuroanatomical networks perform specific attentional operations and these are vulnerable to selective damage. Accordingly, characterising disorders requires the use of variety tasks differentially challenge systems. Here we describe novel battery, Test Everyday Attention for Children (TEA‐Ch), comprising nine subtests adapted literature. The performance 293 healthy children between ages 6 16...
Two studies assessed the effects of a training procedure (Goal Management Training, GMT), derived from Duncan's theory goal neglect, on disorganized behavior following TBI. In Study 1, patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) were randomly assigned to brief trials GMT or motor skills training. GMT, but not training, was associated significant gains everyday paper-and-pencil tasks designed mimic that are problematic for neglect. 2, applied in postencephalitic patient seeking improve her...
& In the course of daily living, humans frequently encounter situations in which a motor activity, once initiated, becomes unnecessary or inappropriate.Under such circumstances, ability to inhibit responses can be vital importance.Although nature response inhibition has been studied psychology for several decades, its neural basis remains unclear.Using transcranial magnetic stimulation, we found that temporary deactivation pars opercularis right inferior frontal gyrus selectively impairs...
Abstract The adaptive gain theory highlights the pivotal role of locus coeruleus–noradrenergic (LC‐NE) system in regulating task engagement. In humans, however, LC‐NE functional dynamics remain largely unknown. We evaluated utility two candidate psychophysiological markers activity: P3 event‐related potential and pupil diameter. Electroencephalogram pupillometry data were collected from 24 participants who performed a 37‐min auditory oddball task. As predicted by theory, prestimulus diameter...
A range of tests everyday attention is described, based on ecologically plausible activities such as searching maps, looking through telephone directories, and listening to lottery number broadcasts. An age-, sex- IQ-stratified sample 154 normal participants was given these tests, along with a existing attention. The factor structure revealed by this data set matched well contemporary evidence for functionally independent attentional circuits in the brain, included factors sustained...
Abstract Error‐processing research has demonstrated that the brain uses a specialized neural network to detect errors during task performance but regions necessary for conscious awareness of an error are poorly understood. In present study we show two well‐known error‐related event‐related potential (ERP) components, negativity (ERN) and positivity (Pe) have differential relationship with manual response inhibition optimized examine awareness. While ERN was unaffected by participants'...
Abstract In the course of daily living, humans frequently encounter situations in which a motor activity, once initiated, becomes unnecessary or inappropriate. Under such circumstances, ability to inhibit responses can be vital importance. Although nature response inhibition has been studied psychology for several decades, its neural basis remains unclear. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation, we found that temporary deactivation pars opercularis right inferior frontal gyrus selectively...
The extent to which changes in brain activity can foreshadow human error is uncertain yet has important theoretical and practical implications. present study examined the temporal dynamics of electrocortical signals preceding a lapse sustained attention. Twenty-one participants performed continuous expectancy task, involved continuously monitoring stream regularly alternating patterned stimuli detect rarely occurring target stimulus whose duration was 40% longer. flickered at rate 25 Hz...
Executive functioning deficits due to brain disease affecting frontal lobe functions cause significant real-life disability, yet solid evidence in support of executive interventions is lacking. Goal Management Training (GMT), an intervention that draws upon theories concerning goal processing and sustained attention, has received empirical studies patients with traumatic injury, normal aging, case studies. GMT promotes a mindful approach complex tasks pose problems for deficits, main...
Abstract Brain clocks, which quantify discrepancies between brain age and chronological age, hold promise for understanding health disease. However, the impact of diversity (including geographical, socioeconomic, sociodemographic, sex neurodegeneration) on brain-age gap is unknown. We analyzed datasets from 5,306 participants across 15 countries (7 Latin American Caribbean (LAC) 8 non-LAC countries). Based higher-order interactions, we developed a deep learning architecture functional...
Many studies have shown a co-variation of unilateral neglect with nonlateralised attentional functions. Recently, Posner has argued that there are two separate neural systems influence the posterior system which is presumed to be impaired in neglect, namely, itself (located partly inferior parietal lobules) as well secondary modulatory sustained attention or vigilance system. This latter linked nor-epinephrine system, known more strongly represented right compared left hemisphere brain. If...
Two pairs of experiments studied the effects attention and unilateral neglect on auditory streaming. The first pair showed that build up streaming in normal participants is greatly reduced or absent when they attend to a competing task contralateral ear. It was concluded effective depends attention. second patients with an attentional deficit toward left side space (unilateral neglect) show less stream segregation tone sequences presented their than right ears. Streaming ears similar for...
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism are two neurodevelopmental disorders associated with prominent executive dysfunction, which may be underpinned by disruption within fronto-striatal fronto-parietal circuits. We probed function in these using a sustained attention task validated brain-behaviour basis. Twenty-three children ADHD, 21 high-functioning (HFA) 18 control were tested on the Sustained to Response Task (SART). In fixed sequence version of task, required...
The enhancing effect of music on autobiographical memory recall in mild Alzheimer’s disease individuals (n = 10; Mini-Mental State Examination score >17/30) and healthy elderly matched 25–30) was investigated. Using a repeated-measures design, each participant seen two occasions: once condition (Vivaldi’s ‘Spring’ movement from ‘The Four Seasons’) silence condition, with order counterbalanced. Considerable improvement found for Alzheimer individuals’ the Autobiographical Memory Interview...