“Attention” is not a unitary brain process. Evidence from adult studies indicates that distinct neuroanatomical networks perform specific attentional operations and these are vulnerable to selective damage. Accordingly, characterising disorders requires the use of variety tasks differentially challenge systems. Here we describe novel battery, Test Everyday Attention for Children (TEA‐Ch), comprising nine subtests adapted literature. The performance 293 healthy children between ages 6 16...

Painful neuropathy is one of the most common long-term complications diabetes mellitus and often proves difficult to relieve.Patients with diabetic moderate or greater pain for at least 3 months, were evaluated efficacy, safety health-related quality life (QOL) while receiving controlled-release (CR) oxycodone (OxyContin) active placebo. Patients underwent washout from all opioids 2-7 days before randomization 10 mg CR placebo (0.25 benztropine) q12h. The dose was increased, approximately...

Renal angiomyolipomas are a frequent manifestation of tuberous sclerosis and sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). These disorders associated with mutations TSC1 or TSC2 that lead to overactivation mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), suggesting an opportunity for targeted therapy by using mTORC1 inhibitors. This study investigated the efficacy safety inhibitor sirolimus treatment renal in patients these disorders.In this multicenter phase 2 nonrandomized open label trial, 16 LAM angiomyolipoma(s)...

After psychological trauma, recurrent intrusive visual memories may be distressing and disruptive. Preventive interventions post trauma are lacking. Here we test a behavioural intervention after real-life derived from cognitive neuroscience. We hypothesized that would significantly reduced in number by an involving computer game with high visuospatial demands (Tetris), via disrupting consolidation of sensory elements memory. The Tetris-based (trauma memory reminder cue plus c. 20 min play)...

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) has been proposed to comprise 3 discrete clinical subtypes: semantic, agrammatic/nonfluent, and logopenic. Recent consensus recommendations suggest a diagnostic framework based primarily on neuropsychological findings classify these variants. Our objective was evaluate the extent which patients with PPA would conform tripartite system whether clustering pattern of elements linguistic profile suggests syndromes.A total 46 were prospectively recruited...

Depression is a global health problem requiring treatment innovation. Targeting neglected cognitive aspects may provide useful route. We tested cognitive-training paradigm using positive mental imagery (imagery bias modification, CBM), developed via experimental psychopathology studies, in randomized controlled trial. Training was delivered the Internet to 150 individuals with current major depression. Unexpectedly, there no significant advantage for CBM compared closely matched control...

BackgroundThe reported prevalence rates of dementia in people with Down's syndrome have varied considerably across studies. The aim this study was to investigate the extent clinical change age using an established diagnostic instrument unbiased, population-based sample older syndrome.MethodChanges memory, personality, general mental functioning and daily living skills were assessed a modified version informant interview Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders Elderly...

This case study describes the use of a wearable camera, SenseCam, which automatically captures several hundred images per day, to aid autobiographical memory in patient, Mrs B, with severe impairment following limbic encephalitis. By using SenseCam record personally experienced events we intended that pictures would form pictorial diary cue and consolidate memories. After wearing B plugged camera into PC uploaded recorded allowed them be viewed at speed, like watching movie. In control...

Aim: To examine the associations between acne and depressive symptoms, anxiety suicidal behaviours. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of cross‐sectional survey –‘Youth2000’ (New Zealand national youth health). A total 9567 school students aged 12–18 years participated in survey. The main outcome measures were self‐reported acne, symptoms (Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale > 77), (Anxiety Disorder Index from Multidimensional Anxiety for Children) suicide attempts. Results: ‘Problem...

Background Recent research suggests that preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) in people with Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by changes personality/behaviour and executive dysfunction are more prominent than deterioration episodic memory. This study examines the relationship between clinical features of AD DS. To determine specificity this relationship, performance on function (EF) measures contrasted memory measures. Methods One hundred three DS (mean age 49 years, range 36–72) mild to...

Background Research based on retrospective reports by carers suggests that the presentation of dementia in people with Down's syndrome may differ from typical Alzheimer's disease (AD) general population, earliest changes tending to be personality or behaviour rather than memory. This is first long-term prospective study test hypothesis such changes, which are more frontal type (DFT) mark preclinical stage AD DS. Methods A previously identified population sample older DS, assessed 1994 and...

Autobiographical and clinical accounts, as well a limited neuropsychological research literature, suggest that, in some situations, men women with autism spectrum conditions (ASCs) may have difficulty making decisions. Little is known, however, about how people ASCs experience decision-making or they might best be supported to make decisions for themselves. In this study, we compared the experiences of adults without (n=38 n=40, respectively) using novel questionnaire General Decision Making...

Preventative psychological interventions to aid women after traumatic childbirth are needed. This proof-of-principle randomized controlled study evaluated whether the number of intrusive memories mothers experience emergency caesarean section (ECS) could be reduced by a brief cognitive intervention. 56 ECS were one two parallel groups in 1:1 ratio: intervention (usual care plus task procedure) or control care). The group engaged visuospatial (computer-game 'Tetris' via handheld gaming...

Abstract Climate models (CM) are used to evaluate the impact of climate change on risk floods and heavy precipitation events. However, these numerical simulators produce outputs with low spatial resolution that exhibit difficulties representing events accurately. This is mainly due computational limitations when simulating multi-scale weather dynamics in atmosphere. To improve prediction high we apply a Deep Learning (DL) approach using input data from reanalysis product, comparable model’s...

In the context of focal brain injury, selective loss semantic knowledge in domain either natural kinds or artefacts is usually considered to reflect differential importance temporal and frontoparietal regions representations perceptual functional attributes, respectively. It harder account far as a feature more diffuse process, previous cross-sectional analyses patients with dementia Alzheimer's type (DAT) have differed over whether category effects occur. our series 58 probable DAT, we...

Abstract Prospective remembering has been relatively underinvestigated in neurological patients. This paper describes a group study which the prospective memory performance of 36 people with brain injury and 28 control participants is compared. We used new instrument, Cambridge Behaviour Memory Test (CBPMT) to assess memory. comprises 4 time-based event-based tasks. Participants were allowed take notes help them remember The relationships between CBPMT scores, scores on formal tests...

Background. Based on the developing clinical and legal literature, using framework adopted in draft legislation, capacity to make a valid decision about clinically required blood test was investigated three groups of people with ‘mental disability’ (i.e. mental illness (chronic schizophrenia), ‘learning (‘mental retardation’, or intellectual developmental disability), or, dementia) fourth, comparison group. Methods. The ( N = 20 group, 21 each other two groups) were recruited through...

Abstract Background Dementia because of Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly affects older adults with Down's syndrome (DS). Methods are needed, established concurrent and predictive validity, to facilitate the diagnostic assessment dementia, when it is complicated by pre‐existing intellectual disabilities (ID). We report on reliability validity a modified version Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders Elderly (CAMDEX) informant interview, use assessing people DS suspected as having...