In wildlife populations, group-living is thought to increase the probability of parasite transmission because contact rates at high host densities. Physical contact, such as social grooming, an important component group structure, but it can also risk exposure infection for individuals provides a mechanism potentially pathogenic organisms. Living in groups create variation susceptibility among circulating levels immunosuppressive hormones like glucocorticoids often depend on individual's...

Abstract Climate warming has been suggested to augment the risk of infectious disease outbreaks by extending seasonal window for parasite growth and increasing rate transmission. Understanding how this occurs in parasite‐host systems is important appreciating long‐term changes host exposure infection reduce species extinction caused diseases. We investigated free‐living stages two soil‐transmitted helminths E uropean rabbit ( O ryctolagus cuniculus ) responded experimental temperature...

Grooming behavior may play a part in the transmission of gastrointestinal nematode, Heligomosomoides polygyrus mouse host. After infective larvae are placed on individually housed mice, significantly higher numbers adult worms were recovered from small intestine mice that allowed to self-groom when compared infection levels had been fitted with Elizabethan collars prevent self-grooming. Larvae single 3 other untreated resulted all group becoming infected, suggesting allogrooming also be...

Parasite infection is a common problem in organic pig production, which can compromise health and growth of pigs, threaten food safety pork products, cause economic losses to farmers. To develop management strategies for controlling parasites, we evaluated intestinal parasite pigs at different ages sexes, investigated whether influences performance carcass traits cross-sectional study. Fecal samples were collected from (n = 298) raised under near-organic standards during nursery, growing,...

The composition and diversity of metazoan parasite communities in naturally depauperate ecosystems are rarely studied. This study describes the helminth endoparasite infecting fish that part acidic stream coastal-plains region State New Jersey (USA) known as Pinelands, compares parasites between six streams differ anthropogenic disturbance. A total 514 were examined representing 6 species native but restricted to Pinelands region, 5 widespread throughout State, introduced State. Fish...

Seventy fecal samples from spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) in the Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya were examined for parasite eggs and oocysts using sugar flotation. A total of nine genera identified, all positive at least one species. Most individuals infected with Ancylostoma sp. Spirometra sp., these species had highest median intensity infection. Other parasites identified include Isospora Taeniidae, Spirurida, Toxocara Mesocestoides Dipylidium Trichuris

The myxoma virus (a microparasite) reduced wild rabbit numbers worldwide when introduced in the 1950s, and is known to interact with co-infecting helminths (macroparasites) causing both increases decreases macroparasite population size. In 1990s Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) infected rabbits also significantly several countries. However, not much about RHDV interactions macroparasites. this study, we compare prevalence intensity of infection for three gastrointestinal nematode...

A total of 392 brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, and 211 slimy sculpin, Cottus cognatus, was examined for Eubothrium salvelini (Cestoda) from May 1995 through September 1996 Sweetwater Creek, Michigan. No seasonal pattern in prevalence, intensity, abundance parasites trout sculpin determined. However a the length percent gravid E. suggests that recruitment this parasite occurs during late summer early fall. During time procercoid copepod intermediate host is expected to be available...

Abstract Swine parasites present challenges for organic pig farmers and represent suboptimal animal health because the use of synthetic anthelmintics is not allowed. The objective this study was to investigate prevalence fecal egg counts (FEC) three intestinal (Ascaris, Trichuris, Oesophagostomum) on farms in United States. Nine across 4 states were investigated. Pigs all raised within no-confinement facilities, had access outdoors or pasture except one farm that housed sows a hoop barn, no...

[in Japanese]

Abstract Nodular roundworms ( Oesophagostomum spp.) are frequent parasites of the large intestine in several mammal species including humans and pigs, their study often requires use infective larvae produced using coproculture techniques. However, there is no published comparison techniques to determine which yields highest number larvae. This compares recovered from coprocultures made with charcoal, sawdust, vermiculite, water an experiment repeated twice feces a sow naturally infected spp....

Abstract This study explored whether biofumigation with rapeseed can reduce swine parasite eggs in pasture soil. Pastures were subjected to four treatments: or Ladino clover pastures, each without (i.e. mechanical incorporation of plant residues into the soil). Each was split paddocks and 8 9 pigs given access paddock for one week. Fecal samples (n = 66) collected from pig before grazing analysis Ascaris suum , Trichuris suis Oesophagostomum spp . egg counts. Soil 480) grazing, immediately...